TOTAL REDUCING SUGAR, FRUCTOSE AND GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS AND ROOT YIELD OF TWO CHICORY CULTIVARS AS AFFECTED BY IRRIGATION, FERTILIZER AND HARVEST DATES

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. CHUBEY ◽  
D. G. DORRELL
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Carbohydrate Composition ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Total Reducing Sugars

The effects of several management practices on the carbohydrate composition and root yield of two chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) cultivars were investigated during two successive seasons. Supplemental irrigation and fertilizer did not affect the carbohydrate quality and yield parameters. The two cultivars varied considerably in their performance in the 2 yr, ranging from 17.4 to 19.2% in total reducing sugars of which 79.2–81.9% was fructose and 18.1–20.8% was glucose. Root yields ranged from 20.08 to 35.68 T/ha. Delayed harvesting in both years increased root yield, total reducing sugars and glucose concentrations but decreased fructose concentration. Chicory has the potential of producing a good quality carbohydrate product and deserves serious consideration as a high fructose crop.

IRRIGATION, FERTILIZER, HARVEST DATES AND STORAGE EFFECTS ON THE REDUCING SUGAR AND FRUCTOSE CONCENTRATIONS OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE TUBERS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. DORRELL ◽  
B. B. CHUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration

Several management practices were imposed on four Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) accessions to determine changes in tuber yield, sugar content and the percentage of fructose and glucose in the hydrolyzed soluble sugar extracts. The fructose concentration in the reducing sugars declined from 82.3 to 74.2% from 6 September to 24 October. Storage of tubers at 2 C for up to 11 wk reduced the mean level of fructose from 78.2 to 68.0% and had a variable effect on reducing sugar concentration. Supplemental irrigation lowered the reducing sugar concentration significantly, while fertilization had no affect on any quality parameters. The Morden accession, M6, produced the best combination of high tuber yield (37.4 t/ha), reducing sugar concentration (16.3%) and fructose concentration in the reducing sugars (77.4%). Although a long period of growth was desirable to produce maximum yields of both tubers and total sugar, it was accompanied by a reduction in the ratio of fructose to glucose. This crop does not appear to require a high level of management to produce a good quality carbohydrate product.

THE EFFECT OF FALL AND SPRING HARVESTING ON THE SUGAR CONTENT OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE TUBERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. CHUBEY ◽  
D. G. DORRELL
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Harvest Dates

The Columbia cultivar of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), a potential fructose-producing crop, was grown at Morden, Manitoba and harvested in the fall from mid-August to mid-October, and in the spring from mid-April to mid-May. The total reducing sugar content increased as the tubers enlarged in the fall and decreased in the spring with the initiation and elongation of tuber sprouts. The fructose content, however, decreased with sequential fall harvest dates whereas it remained relatively stable during spring harvesting but at a lower concentration than in the fall-harvested tubers.Key words: Reducing sugars, fructose, harvest date

scholarly journals Maturation curves of sweet sorghum genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Silva e Souza ◽  
Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella ◽  
Vander Fillipe de Souza ◽  
Nádia Nardely Lacerda Durães Parrella
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fermentable Sugars ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

ABSTRACT Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] stands out as a complementary crop to sugarcane Saccharum spp. for the production of ethanol, since it has juicy stems with directly fermentable sugars. Due to this fact, there is a need for the analysis of sweet sorghum properties in order to meet the agro-industry demand. This work aimed to develop and study the maturation curves of seven sweet sorghum cultivars in ten harvest dates. The results showed a significant difference between cultivars and harvest dates for all parameters analysed (p≤0.01). Regarding the sugar content, the cultivars BRS508, XBWS80147 and CMSX629 showed the highest means for the total reducing sugars (TRS) and recoverable sugar (RS). In the production of ethanol per tonne of biomass (EP), the cultivars BRS508 and CMSX629 presented the best results.

scholarly journals Plants population and harvesting times influence in saccharine sorghum BRS 506 production

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Vilela Andrade Fiorini ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
Hélcio Duarte Pereira ◽  
João Paulo Martins Moraes ◽  
Jhonathan Pedroso Rigal dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Total Reducing Sugars ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Saccharine sorghum is an excellent option for ethanol production under industrial and agronomic perspectives, due to high green matter production and succulent stalks with fermentable sugars. The aim of this work was to evaluate the harvesting season and plants population effect over theethanol and fodder production from sweet sorghum culture BRS 506. The experiment was installed in November 2012, at (CDTCA/UFLA), located in Lavras (MG). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with 3 repetitions, factorial scheme 4 x 4 (4 populations: 70, 100, 130 and 160thousand plants ha-1 ; 4 harvesting seasons: flowering (0 days after flowering (DAF), 10 DAF, 20 DAF and physiological maturity at 40 DAF). The variables evaluated at harvesting: green matter weight (GM), dry matter weight (DM), juice volume (JV), total soluble solids (ºbrix), total reducing sugars (TRS) and brix tonnes per hectare (TBH). The populations increase provided the highest JV and it has not affected other variables. The characteristics were influenced by the harvesting seasons. The harvesting season at 40 DAF provided the highest ºbrix. The ºbrix and the TRS showed linear growth with an increase after flowering for plants harvesting. The highest productivities (GM, DM, JV and TBH) were obtained close to 17, 22, 17 and 14 DAF, respectively, favoring higher fodder and ethanolproduction in these stages.

PRETREATMENT OF MILLET HUSK USING ALKALINE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE TO ENHANCE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS FOR REDUCING SUGAR PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Zeenat Ibrahim Saulawa ◽  
Lawal Nura ◽  
Muntari Bala ◽  
Abdullahi A. Iman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pretreatment Time ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration

The effectiveness of alkaline hydrogen peroxide as a suitable choice of pretreatment for the conversion of millet husk to reducing sugars using cellulase enzyme for hydrolysis and subsequent ethanol production was determined. The effects of three variables on reducing sugar production from millet husk were determined using one factor at a time (OFAT) method namely; peroxide concentration, pretreatment time and pretreatment temperature. From the results, it was observed that a significant (P<0.05) amount of reducing sugars were lost during pretreatment of millet husk. The untreated group which was only physically pretreated (milled) however yielded a significantly higher (P<0.05) reducing sugar concentration of 10.67mg/ml after enzymatic hydrolysis while the highest reducing sugar concentration of 4.82mg/ml was obtained using 0.375%v/v peroxide concentration for 60minutes at 250C. Therefore, pretreatment of biomass with alkaline hydrogen peroxide may be more suitable for feedstock with high lignin contents than millet husk.

Effective Substrate Loading for Saccharification of Corn Cob and Concurrent Production of Lignocellulolytic Enzymes by Fusarium oxysporum and Sporothrix carnis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Folasade M. Olajuyigbe ◽  
Cornelius O. Fatokun ◽  
Oluwatosin I. Oni
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Lignocellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Lignocellulosic Wastes ◽  
Single Process ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

Background: One of the critical challenges of cost-effective bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass is the decreasing yield of reducing sugars caused by increasing substrate loading. Hence, it is crucial to determine the best substrate concentration for efficient saccharification of lignocellulosic wastes. Objective: This paper reports the saccharification of corn cob by two lignocellulolytic fungi (Fusarium oxysporum and Sporothrix carnis) and concurrent production of lignocellulolytic enzymes at varying substrate concentrations. Methods: F. oxysporum and S. carnis were cultivated on corn cob based media at 30°C and 160 rpm for 144 h. The lignocellulosic composition of corn cob was determined. Saccharification of varying concentrations of substrate was determined by evaluating the release of reducing sugar while the production of cellulase and xylanase was monitored. Results: Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of corn cob were 37.8±1.56%, 42.2±1.68% and 12.7±1.23%, respectively. Yields of reducing sugar by F. oxysporum and S. carnis were 5.03 µmol/mL and 6.16 µmol/mL; and 6.26 µmol/mL and 6.58 μmol/mL at 10.0 and 25.0% substrate concentration, respectively. The production of cellulase and xylanase was exponential as corn cob concentration increased from 0.5% to 10.0% yielding 586.93 U/mL and 1559.18 U/mL from F. oxysporum, with 590.7 U/mL and 1573.95 U/mL from S. carnis, respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that the most efficient saccharification of corn cob by F. oxysporum and S. carnis was achieved at 10.0% substrate concentration. This suggests that two separate saccharification processes at this concentration will result in higher yields of enzyme and reducing sugars than a single process involving higher concentration.

scholarly journals Screening of potato genotypes based on glucose and Asparagines content to minimize Acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Fatema Zahan ◽  
Md Masudul Karim ◽  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Md Alamgir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Botany Department ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Significant Difference

Seven potato genotypes that are available in Bangladesh, were grown at the field laboratory under the Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University in 2014. Reducing sugars and free asparagine were determined at freshly harvested potato tubers and those after storing at 80C for 8 months. There was no significant variation of asparagine content in all genotypes of freshly harvested tubers. But a significant difference was found in reducing sugar content. The lowest was in the samples of the genotypes Cardinal and Rumanapakri, and the highest in Hagrai. The variety Diamant appeared to contain the lowest amount of reducing sugars after 8 months storage. The results showed that freshly harvested Cardinal, Rumanapakri and Diamant after storage produced less amount of acrylamide after frying as potato chips or French fries. It may be concluded that screening potato genotypes primarily on their reducing sugar contents could be useful tool to minimize acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries. Further investigation is needed to find out the factors affecting reducing sugar and asparagine content in potato tubers.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 295-304, August 2016

Some effects of gamma radiation on several varieties of Tasmanian potatoes. 2. Biochemical changes

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Wills
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugars

Tasmanian Up-to-date, Kennebec, Sebago, and Sequoia tubers were treated with low doses of gamma radiation to inhibit sprouting and were subsequently stored at 68�F or 45�F. Tubers were examined at bi-monthly intervals for some, or all, of the following biochemical constituents : dry matter, thiamin, reduced ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, soluble reducing sugars, sucrose, total sugars, and starch. Radiation, independent of dose level, led to lower dry matter contents in the Up-to-date, Kennebec, and Sequoia tubers after four months storage, and in the Sebago tubers after six months storage at 68�F, but not at 45�F, when compared to the controls. The thiamin content of Up-to-date tubers w-as not influenced by radiation (16,000 rads). Storage w-as a more important factor than radiation in altering the ascorbic acid content of tubers. Radiation maintained, or even increased the normal level. Radiation increased the soluble reducing sugar content of Sequoia tubers, the total sugar of Sequoia and Sebago tubers, and the sucrose content of the Sebago tubers, but had little effect on the starch content of these varieties. Storage influenced some of these constituents, particularly in the Sebago variety.

scholarly journals Effect of starter sources and old fermentation on making nata de whey towards chemical quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Asmaul Khusna ◽  
Anis Prastujati ◽  
Shinta Setiadevi ◽  
Mustofa Hilmi
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pineapple Fruit ◽  
The Difference

Whey cheese is a by-product of traditional or modern cheese-making processes. The yield of each cheesemaking reaches around 83% of the volume of milk used.whey can be processed into nata de whey by adding Acetobacterxylinum. The purpose of this study were to determine the effect of fermentation duration and differences in starter sources on the chemical quality produced by nata de whey. All samples were analyzed for fat, protein, cellulose and reducing sugars. this use study of two factorial randomized block design. The first factor is the difference in the starter (commercial and pineapple fruit extract) and the second factor is the length of fermentation with three replications. The results showed that the effect of fermentation time and the difference in starter sources on nata de whey had a very significant impact (P <0.01) on the calculation of fat content in the nata the whey. The duration of fermentation and differences in the source of the stater on nata de whey had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the content of protein, reducing sugar and cellulose content produced.

scholarly journals Characterization and classification of Romanian acacia honey based on its physicochemical parameters and chemometrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Emanuela Crăciun ◽  
Oana Cristina Pârvulescu ◽  
Andreea Cristina Donise ◽  
Tănase Dobre ◽  
Dumitru Radu Stanciu
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Activity Ratio ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Acacia Honey

AbstractThree groups of Romanian acacia honey, i.e., pure, directly adulterated (by mixing the pure honey with three sugar syrups), and indirectly adulterated (by feeding the bees with the same syrups), were characterized and discriminated based on their physicochemical parameters. Moisture, ash, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars (fructose and glucose), and sucrose contents, free acidity, diastase activity, ratio between stable carbon isotopes of honey and its proteins (δ13CH and δ13CP) were evaluated. Adulteration led to a significant increase in sucrose content, HMF level, and Δδ13C = δ13CH‒δ13CP as well a decrease in reducing sugar content and diastase activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied to experimental data in order to distinguish between pure and adulterated honey. The most relevant discriminative parameters were diastase activity, HMF, sucrose, and reducing sugar contents. Posterior classification probabilities and classification functions obtained by LDA revealed that 100% of honey samples were correctly assigned to their original group.

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