IRRIGATION, FERTILIZER, HARVEST DATES AND STORAGE EFFECTS ON THE REDUCING SUGAR AND FRUCTOSE CONCENTRATIONS OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE TUBERS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. DORRELL ◽  
B. B. CHUBEY
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration

Several management practices were imposed on four Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) accessions to determine changes in tuber yield, sugar content and the percentage of fructose and glucose in the hydrolyzed soluble sugar extracts. The fructose concentration in the reducing sugars declined from 82.3 to 74.2% from 6 September to 24 October. Storage of tubers at 2 C for up to 11 wk reduced the mean level of fructose from 78.2 to 68.0% and had a variable effect on reducing sugar concentration. Supplemental irrigation lowered the reducing sugar concentration significantly, while fertilization had no affect on any quality parameters. The Morden accession, M6, produced the best combination of high tuber yield (37.4 t/ha), reducing sugar concentration (16.3%) and fructose concentration in the reducing sugars (77.4%). Although a long period of growth was desirable to produce maximum yields of both tubers and total sugar, it was accompanied by a reduction in the ratio of fructose to glucose. This crop does not appear to require a high level of management to produce a good quality carbohydrate product.

PRETREATMENT OF MILLET HUSK USING ALKALINE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE TO ENHANCE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS FOR REDUCING SUGAR PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Zeenat Ibrahim Saulawa ◽  
Lawal Nura ◽  
Muntari Bala ◽  
Abdullahi A. Iman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pretreatment Time ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration

The effectiveness of alkaline hydrogen peroxide as a suitable choice of pretreatment for the conversion of millet husk to reducing sugars using cellulase enzyme for hydrolysis and subsequent ethanol production was determined. The effects of three variables on reducing sugar production from millet husk were determined using one factor at a time (OFAT) method namely; peroxide concentration, pretreatment time and pretreatment temperature. From the results, it was observed that a significant (P<0.05) amount of reducing sugars were lost during pretreatment of millet husk. The untreated group which was only physically pretreated (milled) however yielded a significantly higher (P<0.05) reducing sugar concentration of 10.67mg/ml after enzymatic hydrolysis while the highest reducing sugar concentration of 4.82mg/ml was obtained using 0.375%v/v peroxide concentration for 60minutes at 250C. Therefore, pretreatment of biomass with alkaline hydrogen peroxide may be more suitable for feedstock with high lignin contents than millet husk.

THE EFFECT OF FALL AND SPRING HARVESTING ON THE SUGAR CONTENT OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE TUBERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. CHUBEY ◽  
D. G. DORRELL
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Helianthus Tuberosus ◽  
Harvest Dates

The Columbia cultivar of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), a potential fructose-producing crop, was grown at Morden, Manitoba and harvested in the fall from mid-August to mid-October, and in the spring from mid-April to mid-May. The total reducing sugar content increased as the tubers enlarged in the fall and decreased in the spring with the initiation and elongation of tuber sprouts. The fructose content, however, decreased with sequential fall harvest dates whereas it remained relatively stable during spring harvesting but at a lower concentration than in the fall-harvested tubers.Key words: Reducing sugars, fructose, harvest date

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Screening of potato genotypes based on glucose and Asparagines content to minimize Acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Fatema Zahan ◽  
Md Masudul Karim ◽  
Tahmina Akter ◽  
Md Alamgir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Potato Chips ◽  
French Fries ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Botany Department ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acrylamide Formation ◽  
Significant Difference

Seven potato genotypes that are available in Bangladesh, were grown at the field laboratory under the Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University in 2014. Reducing sugars and free asparagine were determined at freshly harvested potato tubers and those after storing at 80C for 8 months. There was no significant variation of asparagine content in all genotypes of freshly harvested tubers. But a significant difference was found in reducing sugar content. The lowest was in the samples of the genotypes Cardinal and Rumanapakri, and the highest in Hagrai. The variety Diamant appeared to contain the lowest amount of reducing sugars after 8 months storage. The results showed that freshly harvested Cardinal, Rumanapakri and Diamant after storage produced less amount of acrylamide after frying as potato chips or French fries. It may be concluded that screening potato genotypes primarily on their reducing sugar contents could be useful tool to minimize acrylamide formation in potato chips and French fries. Further investigation is needed to find out the factors affecting reducing sugar and asparagine content in potato tubers.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 295-304, August 2016

scholarly journals Biochemical and phytochemical evaluation of Stevia rebaudiana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman Sohag Howlader ◽  
Sheikh Rashel Ahmed ◽  
Khadizatul Kubra ◽  
Md Khairul Hassan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

The present study was aimed to evaluate biochemical and phytotochemical of dry leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. Biochemical analysis indicated that Stevia leaves are a good source of carbohydrate and reducing sugar. Different extraction methods were used to prepare four different dry extracts (Extract A, B, C, D). Total soluble sugars and reducing sugars were analyzed for these four dry extracts and commercial Stevia powder. The highest amount of total soluble sugar (477 mg sugar g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract C and higher amount of reducing sugar (82 mg g-1 dry extract) was obtained from extract D among the extracts. But commercial Stevia powder showed higher total soluble sugar content (754 mg g-1 dry powder) and highest amount of reducing sugar (98 mg g-1 dry extract) than all the extracted dry samples. The extraction process of dry extract C was feasible for the extraction of total soluble sugar. For the phytochemical screening, crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups and presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and saponins that were identified. The highest amount of total phenolic compounds (92 mg) was recorded from methanolic extract of extraction B. The lowest amount of total phenolic compounds (36 mg) was recorded in ethanolic extract of extraction A. So, Methanol proved as best solvent to extract increased quantity of total phenolic compounds than other solvents.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2016, 2(1): 121-130

Some effects of gamma radiation on several varieties of Tasmanian potatoes. 2. Biochemical changes

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Wills
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Sugars

Tasmanian Up-to-date, Kennebec, Sebago, and Sequoia tubers were treated with low doses of gamma radiation to inhibit sprouting and were subsequently stored at 68�F or 45�F. Tubers were examined at bi-monthly intervals for some, or all, of the following biochemical constituents : dry matter, thiamin, reduced ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, soluble reducing sugars, sucrose, total sugars, and starch. Radiation, independent of dose level, led to lower dry matter contents in the Up-to-date, Kennebec, and Sequoia tubers after four months storage, and in the Sebago tubers after six months storage at 68�F, but not at 45�F, when compared to the controls. The thiamin content of Up-to-date tubers w-as not influenced by radiation (16,000 rads). Storage w-as a more important factor than radiation in altering the ascorbic acid content of tubers. Radiation maintained, or even increased the normal level. Radiation increased the soluble reducing sugar content of Sequoia tubers, the total sugar of Sequoia and Sebago tubers, and the sucrose content of the Sebago tubers, but had little effect on the starch content of these varieties. Storage influenced some of these constituents, particularly in the Sebago variety.

scholarly journals Characterization and classification of Romanian acacia honey based on its physicochemical parameters and chemometrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Emanuela Crăciun ◽  
Oana Cristina Pârvulescu ◽  
Andreea Cristina Donise ◽  
Tănase Dobre ◽  
Dumitru Radu Stanciu
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Activity Ratio ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Acacia Honey

AbstractThree groups of Romanian acacia honey, i.e., pure, directly adulterated (by mixing the pure honey with three sugar syrups), and indirectly adulterated (by feeding the bees with the same syrups), were characterized and discriminated based on their physicochemical parameters. Moisture, ash, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars (fructose and glucose), and sucrose contents, free acidity, diastase activity, ratio between stable carbon isotopes of honey and its proteins (δ13CH and δ13CP) were evaluated. Adulteration led to a significant increase in sucrose content, HMF level, and Δδ13C = δ13CH‒δ13CP as well a decrease in reducing sugar content and diastase activity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were applied to experimental data in order to distinguish between pure and adulterated honey. The most relevant discriminative parameters were diastase activity, HMF, sucrose, and reducing sugar contents. Posterior classification probabilities and classification functions obtained by LDA revealed that 100% of honey samples were correctly assigned to their original group.

scholarly journals Waktu Optimum Hidrolisis Pati Limbah Hasil Olahan Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz var. Lahumbu) Menjadi Gula Cair Menggunakan Enzim α-Amilase Dan Glukoamilase

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
Ardiansyah Ardiansyah ◽  
Nurlansi Nurlansi ◽  
Rustam Musta
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
A Value ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Reducing Sugar Concentration

This study aims to determine optimum time of action of the enzyme α-amylase and glucoamylase needed in hydrolyze of starch from waste processed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz var. Lahumbu). This research was conducted through three main stages, namely the gelatinization, liquefaction and saccharification. The method was used method are liquefaction and  saccharification. The variation time of the stage liquefaction: 12; 24; 36; 48; 60; and 72 minutes and the saccharification stage are: 9; 18; 27; 36; 45; 54; and 63 hours. The results showed that the optimum time required for stage liquefaction using α-amylase enzyme is 48 minutes on the condition of a temperature of 80 oC with a value of 0.09% amylose levels were measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optimum time required for saccharification step using a glucoamylase which is 54 hours on the conditions of a temperature of 50oC with the amount of reducing sugar concentration of 9.186 g/L as measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

scholarly journals Flowering, fruiting and physiology of apple tree under different irrigation levels in the Brazilian semiarid region

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Martins De Oliveira ◽  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
Paulo Roberto Coelho Lopes ◽  
José Bezerra Da Silva ◽  
Emanoel Jurema Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Set ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
Irrigation Levels

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation levels on flowering, fruit set, carbohydrate and protein content and gas exchange, of apple varietiesin the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots with five replications and four plot irrigation levels (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)) and the subplots with two cultivars (Juliet and Princess). As a result, it was found that the number of flowers (NFL), fruits (NFR), shoot percentage (SP) and fruit set (FS) were higher in cv. Juliet. The number of buds (NB) and the fertility index (FI) were higher in cv. Princess. With regard to metabolites, reducing sugar content (RS) had no significant effect among cultivars. The non-reducing sugar content (NRS), total soluble sugar (TSS) and total soluble proteins (TSP) were higher in cv. Princess. As for irrigation depths, TSP, sprouting, flowering and fruit set increased along with the amount of water applied, while the RS, NRS and TSS contents had the opposite behavior.

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