GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT GROWN IN THE HUMID CONTINENTAL CLIMATE OF ONTARIO

Several experiments were conducted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) during 1978 and 1979 to characterize genotypic variation in some physiological and morphological traits, and to evaluate the magnitude of the relationships between grain yield and the various traits studied. Straw weights of cultivars grown in Eastern Canada were similar to, and harvest indices generally lower than, those reported for high yielding varieties from other countries. Highest grain weights were also lower than the upper values recorded for some cultivars in the U.K. and Mexico, and were little affected by spikelet removal in most cases. All experiments were consistent in showing highly significant correlations between grain yield and grains per square metre, straw weight, harvest index, spikes per square metre, and flag leaf area index, and significant correlations between grain yield and grain weight. Diffusive resistance of the adaxial surface of the flag leaves differed between genotypes, but correlations between diffusive resistance and yield were low and nonsignificant in all cases, with the exception of the preanthesis period in one experiment.Key words: Wheat (winter), Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell., yield, physiological-morphological traits.

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Identification of quantitative trait loci for traits conferring weed competitiveness in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar01055 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 1235 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

R. K. Coleman ◽

G. S. Gill ◽

G. J. Rebetzke

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Competitive Ability ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Ryegrass Growth

As weeds develop resistance to a broad range of herbicides, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with superior weed competitive capacity are needed to complement integrated weed management strategies. In this study, agronomic and morphological traits that enable wheat to compete effectively with weeds were identified. Halberd, Cranbrook, and 161 Cranbrook x Halberd doubled haploid (DH) lines were examined in field experiments conducted over two growing seasons. The weed species Lolium rigidum L. (annual ryegrass) was sown in strips perpendicular to the direction of wheat seeding. Various traits were measured during each season with competitive ability determined by both percent loss in wheat grain yield and suppression of ryegrass growth. Width of leaf 2, canopy height, and light interception at early stem elongation (Z31), and tiller number, height at maturity, and days to anthesis were important for competitive ability in 1999. In the previous year, length of leaf 2 and size of the flag leaf contributed to competitiveness. Seasonal effects appeared to have some impact on the relative contribution of crop traits to competitive ability. The morphological traits involved in maintaining grain yield differed from those that contributed to the suppression of ryegrass growth. Development of the Cranbrook x Halberd chromosomal linkage map enabled the putative identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with competitive ability in the DH population. Many of the QTL were mapped to similar positions in both years. Further, several traits, including time to anthesis, flag leaf size, height at stem elongation, and the size of the first 2 leaves, were mapped to similar positions on chromosomes 2B and 2D. Narrow-sense heritabilities on an entry-mean basis were typically high within each year for traits associated with weed competitive ability. However, large genotype x year interactions reduced these heritabilities, making genetic gain through phenotypic selection difficult. The identification of QTL repeatable over seasons indicates the potential for marker-assisted selection in a wheat breeding program selecting for improved grain yield and weed competitiveness.

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Karat winter wheat

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps91-028 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 207-210

Author(s):

H. G. Nass ◽

H. W. Johnston ◽

E. Hansel ◽

R. Blatt ◽

C. Caldwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Septoria Nodorum ◽

Bread Making ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

Key Words Wheat ◽

Glume Blotch ◽

Cultivar Description

Karat is a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) with bread making quality, high grain yield, and adequate straw strength. It is moderately susceptible to powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis D.C. ex. Merat f. sp. tritici Marchal) and septoria leaf and glume blotch (caused by Septoria nodorum Berk.) and is suited for production in areas of Eastern Canada where winter survival is not a problem. Key words: Wheat (winter), cultivar description

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Photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in response to fertilizer, precipitation, and soil water storage before sowing under the ridge and furrow system: A path analysis

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology ◽

10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.03.015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 272-273 ◽

pp. 12-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhaoyun Dong ◽

Xudong Zhang ◽

Juan Li ◽

Chun Zhang ◽

Ting Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Soil Water ◽

Water Storage ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽

Soil Water Storage ◽

System A

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Effect of water deficit during vegetative growth periods on post-anthesis photosynthetic capacity and grain yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s11738-015-1944-2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Yakun Cui ◽

Zhongwei Tian ◽

Xu Zhang ◽

Abid Muhammad ◽

Huimin Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Effect Of Water

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Genetic determination of stomatal patterning in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

10.1101/490029 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Steven Andrew Yates ◽

Andreas Bruun ◽

Marius Hodel ◽

Christoph Grieder ◽

Andreas Hund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Stomatal Density ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Auxin Signaling ◽

Genetic Determination ◽

Wheat Germplasm ◽

Stomatal Patterning

Leaf stomata are microscopic pores mediating plant-environment interactions. Their role in carbon uptake and transpiration make them prime candidates for improving water use efficiency (WUE). Stomatal density (SD), the number of stomata per unit area, has been shown to be negatively correlated with WUE. However, little is known about the genetic basis of SD in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and to what extant genetic variation exists in contemporary wheat germplasm. Here, we evaluated stomatal patterning over two growing seasons in a set of 333 wheat lines, representing the European winter wheat germplasm. Stomatal patterning was mainly determined by two underlying traits, the distance between files of stomata and the distance between stomata within a file. By haplotype association mapping, quantitative trait loci for SD were consistently detected in both seasons on wheat chromosomes (CHR) 2A, 3A and 7B. The single nucleotide polymorphism markers most significantly associated with SD coincided with the genes INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION 1 (ICE1) and STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS-DEFECTIVE 1 (SCD1) on CHR 3A, and genes involved in ethylene and auxin signaling on CHR 2A and 7B, respectively. Our study unlocks the phenotypic and genotypic variation for stomatal patterning traits in contemporary wheat germplasm. It provides gene targets for functional validation and practical tools to manipulate SD using marker-assisted selection for crop improvement.

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Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Morpho-physiological Traits along with Grain Fe and Zn Content

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i3631081 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 130-140

Author(s):

Mainak Barman ◽

Vinay Kumar Choudhary ◽

Satish Kumar Singh ◽

Rabiya Parveen ◽

Abhishek K. Gowda

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Content ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Path Coefficient Analysis ◽

Relative Water

Character association studies help in assessing the relationship among yield and its components to enhance the selection utility. In view of this, the present research was carried out for assessing correlation and path coefficients among 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using fifteen quantitative parameters. Correlation analysis demonstrated a noteworthy positive relationship of days to fifty per cent flowering, number of tillers/plant, flag leaf area, spike length, plant height, chlorophyll content, relative water content, number of grains/ ear, thousand-grain weight, days to maturity and harvest index, with grain yield per plant at both the phenotypic and genotypic level except canopy temperature which showed a significant negative relationship. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, flag leaf area, relative water content and grain per ear had the maximum positive direct effect on grain yield. Hence, the present investigation can be helpful in executing a reliable selection of parental lines based on these above mentioned traits in addition to developing high-yielding varieties for further breeding programme.

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Effects of Potassium Silicate Fertilizer on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield in Winter Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v50i4.57080 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 1127-1132

Author(s):

Wubo Li ◽

Meng Li ◽

Yunshuo Xu ◽

Yan Shi

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Photosynthetic Rate ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽

Potassium Silicate ◽

Existence Time ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Effects of different dosages of potassium silicate fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat under field conditions were studied. Four different dosages: 0, 45, 90 and 135kg/ha were applied. Results showed that the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaf firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of levels of potassium silicate fertilizer. By the change of SPAD values after flowering, when the application of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the existence time of chlorophyll in flag leaf was significantly long, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly increased. The 1000-grain weight of winter wheat significantly increased and the yield the highest. Overall, when the applied amount of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the performances of winter wheat were best. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1127-1132, 2021 (December)

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