Photosynthetic and stomatal traits of spike and flag leaf of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water deficit

Effects of different dosages of potassium silicate fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat under field conditions were studied. Four different dosages: 0, 45, 90 and 135kg/ha were applied. Results showed that the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate of wheat flag leaf firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of levels of potassium silicate fertilizer. By the change of SPAD values after flowering, when the application of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the existence time of chlorophyll in flag leaf was significantly long, and the net photosynthetic rate was significantly increased. The 1000-grain weight of winter wheat significantly increased and the yield the highest. Overall, when the applied amount of potassium silicate fertilizer was 90 kg/ha, the performances of winter wheat were best. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(4): 1127-1132, 2021 (December)

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GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN WINTER WHEAT GROWN IN THE HUMID CONTINENTAL CLIMATE OF ONTARIO

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps84-014 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 113-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. AGUILAR-M. ◽

L. A. HUNT

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Genotypic Variation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Eastern Canada ◽

Area Index ◽

Diffusive Resistance

Several experiments were conducted with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) during 1978 and 1979 to characterize genotypic variation in some physiological and morphological traits, and to evaluate the magnitude of the relationships between grain yield and the various traits studied. Straw weights of cultivars grown in Eastern Canada were similar to, and harvest indices generally lower than, those reported for high yielding varieties from other countries. Highest grain weights were also lower than the upper values recorded for some cultivars in the U.K. and Mexico, and were little affected by spikelet removal in most cases. All experiments were consistent in showing highly significant correlations between grain yield and grains per square metre, straw weight, harvest index, spikes per square metre, and flag leaf area index, and significant correlations between grain yield and grain weight. Diffusive resistance of the adaxial surface of the flag leaves differed between genotypes, but correlations between diffusive resistance and yield were low and nonsignificant in all cases, with the exception of the preanthesis period in one experiment.Key words: Wheat (winter), Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell., yield, physiological-morphological traits.

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Evaluation the Effect of Bio-Fertilization on Some Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Growth Parameters under Drought Conditions

Iraqi Journal of Science ◽

10.24996/ijs.2019.60.9.7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1948-1956

Author(s):

Dina A. Saad ◽

Ayyad W. Al-Shahwany ◽

Hadi M. Aboud

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Glomus Mosseae ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Block Design ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Research Field ◽

Control Treatment

Field experiment was conducted during 2018- 2019 in loam soil at the research field of the Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq, to study the effect of bio-fertilizers and two levels of chemical fertilization ( 50% and 100%) in some agronomic traits of wheat Triticum aestivum L. cultivar IPA 99 by the genus Azotobacter chroococum and AMF Glomus mosseae singly or in combination under drought condition. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD)with three replications. The results revealed that the application of bio-fertilizers reduced the negative impacts of water deficit. However, (Azoto+AMF) were significantly increased the means of plant height, flag leaf area, flag leaf chlorophyll content and the fresh weight of total vegetative ( 86.81 cm, 65.45 cm2, 49.55 SPAD, 37.93 g) respectively compared to the control treatment at 20% water deficit and 50% fertilization. Besides, there was no antagonism between A. chroococcum and Glomus mosseae, which can recommend to use them as bio-fertilizer.

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Modelling photosynthesis in flag leaves of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) considering the variation in photosynthesis parameters during development

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp15140 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (11) ◽

pp. 1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jingsong Sun ◽

Jindong Sun ◽

Zhaozhong Feng

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Development ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Seasonal Fluctuation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

Flag Leaves ◽

Parameter Values

The Farquhar–von Caemmerer–Berry (FvCB) model of photosynthesis has been widely used to estimate the photosynthetic C flux of plants under different growth conditions. However, the seasonal fluctuation of some photosynthesis parameters (e.g. the maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco (Vcmax), the maximum electron transport rate (Jmax) and internal mesophyll conductance to CO2 transport (gm)) is not considered in the FvCB model. In this study, we investigated the patterns of the FvCB parameters during flag leaf development based on measured photosynthesis–intercellular CO2 curves in two cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Parameterised seasonal patterns of photosynthesis parameters in the FvCB model have subsequently been applied in order to predict the photosynthesis of flag leaves. The results indicate that the Gaussian curve characterises the dynamic patterns of Vcmax, Jmax and gm well. Compared with the model with fixed photosynthesis parameter values, updating the FvCB model by considering seasonal changes in Vcmax and Jmax during flag leaf development slightly improved predictions of photosynthesis. However, if the updated FvCB model incorporated the seasonal patterns of Vcmax and Jmax, and also of gm, predictions of photosynthesis was improved a lot, matching well with the measurements (R2 = 0.87, P < 0.0001). This suggests that the dynamics of photosynthesis parameters, particularly gm, play an important role in estimating the photosynthesis rate of winter wheat.

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Productivity of winter wheat plants with the additional copy of the ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene under water deficit conditions

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v25.1171 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 247-252

Author(s):

A. G. Komisarenko ◽

S. I. Mykhalska ◽

V. M. Kurchii

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Water Stress ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Root Systems ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Lateral Shoots ◽

And Control

Aim. The evaluation of the productivity components of wheat biotech plants with the additional copy of the ornithine-δ-aminotransferase (oat) gene under water stress conditions. Methods. Field and laboratory approaches for studying the parameters of the crop structure. Results. A comparative analysis of productivity components of control plants and forms, obtained via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation were made. During plants cultivation under water deficit the genotype differences among variants were detected. Conclusions. It was showed that under osmotic stress pressure biotech plants (T2) of wheat winter genotypes Favoritka, Dostatok, Volodarka demonstrated better indices of crop structure compared with control plants. The differences between T2 Zolotocolosa and control plants were not essential. Biotechnological plants with the additional copy of the oat gene under poor water supply conditions were higher, had better developed root systems and formed the increased number of additional (lateral) shoots. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., biotechnological plants, ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene, productivity components.

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Study of transgen functionality in T2 biotechnological plants of winter wheat on the sign of osmoresistance

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v28.1381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 88-93

Author(s):

A. G. Komisarenko ◽

S. I. Mykhalska ◽

V. M. Kurchii

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Osmotic Stress ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Protein Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Genetically Modified ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Quantitative Composition ◽

Original Form ◽

Growing Conditions

Aim. To investigate the functionality of the transgene in the seed generation (T2) of genetically modified winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) in terms of productivity in conditions of normal and insufficient water supply. Methods. Determination of yield structure and protein content. Results. The indicators of productivity of control and T2 biotechnological plants under normal growing conditions and water deficit are analyzed. The quantitative composition of protein in the conditions before and after osmotic stress and in the period of rehydration was determined. Conclusions. It is shown that under the action of water deficit there is a decrease in productivity for all studied plants. In this case, genetically modified plants had an advantage in the main elements of the crop structure over the original form under both analyzed growing conditions. It was found that under normal conditions of hydration, the amount of protein in the studied plants did not differ significantly. An increase in its content in control plants under the action of osmotic stress was recorded, which may indicate the synthesis of stress response proteins. Decreased protein content during rehydration may indicate the passage of normal metabolic processes. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., biotechnological plants, proline dehydrogenase gene, structural analysis of yield, osmostability.

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