A COMPARISON OF LIME REQUIREMENT METHODS FOR ACID CANADIAN SOILS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. WEBBER ◽  
DIANE CORNEAU ◽  
P. B. HOYT ◽  
M. NYBORG
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Toxic Level ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Canadian Soils ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Diagnostic Index

Several laboratory methods for estimating lime requirements of acid soils were compared using 24 soils from Alberta and northeastern British Columbia and 15 from elsewhere in Canada. The Peech, Schofield, Woodruff and SMP (Shoemaker et al. 1971) buffer methods were equally well correlated with lime requirements for raising soil pH to 5.5 or 6, which in turn were highly correlated with the amounts of soluble and exchangeable Al and organic matter in the soils. The SMP buffer method is recommended for use as the diagnostic index of lime requirement to achieve pH 5.5 or 6 because of its speed and simplicity. A refinement is suggested for Alberta and northeastern B.C. soils on the basis that lime need not be added to achieve pH 5.5 but should be added to reduce Al below the toxic level for sensitive crops. The lime requirements to reduce Al in those soils were highly correlated with the amounts of 0.02 M CaCl2-soluble Al they contained and it is recommended that the 0.02 M CaCl2-soluble AI be used as the diagnostic index of lime requirement. Lime requirements related to SMP (pH) and 0.02 M CaCl2-soluble Al are presented.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SOIL ACIDITY PROBLEM IN ALBERTA AND NORTHEASTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. PENNEY ◽  
M. NYBORG ◽  
P. B. HOYT ◽  
W. A. RICE ◽  
B. SIEMENS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Crop Species

The amount of cultivated acid soil in Alberta and northeastern British Columbia was estimated from pH values of farm samples analyzed by the Alberta Soil Testing Laboratory, and the effect of soil acidity on crops was assessed from field experiments on 28 typical acid soils. The field experiments consisted of two cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and one cultivar each of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) grown with and without lime for 2 yr. There are about 30,000 ha of soils with a pH of 5.0 or less where soil acidity seriously restricts yields of all four crop species. There are approximately 300,000 ha with a soil pH of 5.1–5.5 where liming will on the average increase yields of alfalfa by 100%, yields of barley by 10–15%, and yields of rapeseed and red clover by 5–10%. There are a further 1,600,000 ha where soil pH ranges from 5.6 to 6.0 and liming will increase yields of alfalfa by approximately 50% and yields of barley, rapeseed and red clover by at least 4–5%.

Yield responses to lime of wheat and barley on acid soils in north-eastern Victoria

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Coventry ◽  
BR Walker ◽  
GR Morrison ◽  
MT Hyland ◽  
JC Avery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Acid Tolerant ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Yield Responses

Liming experiments were conducted at 13 sites (soil pH range 4.99-6.27, 0-10 cm depth) in the dryland cropping region of north-eastern Victoria with wheat grown at all sites and barley at 3 sites. Lime increased wheat yields at 9 of the 13 sites with the acid sensitive cultivar Oxley, but the yield increase was not correlated (r2=0.07) with exchangeable Al. Exchangeable A1 was closely related to pH (in 0.01 mmol/L CaCl2). The acid-tolerant wheat cultivars (Matong and Millewa) out-yielded Oxley at a soil pH (CaCl2) of 4.7 and the acid-tolerant cultivars were less responsive to liming. The barley responded to the lime treatment at each of the 3 sites. The use of acid tolerant crop species is recommended on these soils, but an improvement in the predictability of a lime response is required before liming is widely recommended.

Effects of lime and gypsum on growth of sweet potato in two strongly acid soils

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vele P Ila'ava ◽  
Pax Blamey ◽  
Colin J Asher
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
A Value ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potato Growth

There were strong relationships between exchangeable aluminium (Al) and relative top yield, and between soil pH and relative top yield in the Garret and Bisinella soils. Sweet potato plants produced maximum top yields at soil exchangeable Al <3.0 cmol ((+)/kg, with a 10% yield reduction coinciding with a value of approximately 5.0 cmol (+)/kg. The value was lower for the Bisinella soil than the Garret soil. In the case of pH, maximum yield in both soils was evident at a soil pH of 5.0 with 90% of maximum yield being achieved at about pH 4.7. These results suggest that soil pH would be a good index for Al toxicity. The close relationships between sweet potato growth and both exchangeable Al and soil pH need to be explored further to determine whether it will hold across a wide range of acid soil groups.

Acidification rate of limed soil in a semiarid environment

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Curtin ◽  
H. Ukrainetz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Proton Budget ◽  
Soil Buffering ◽  
Limed Soil

To evaluate the benefits of liming acid soils, a method is needed to predict the longevity of its effect on soil pH. We coupled a simple index of soil buffering with estimates of the proton budget to predict long-term pH changes in a limed soil (Dark Brown Chernozem) in Saskatchewan. Analysis of published data for Saskatchewan soils showed that acceptable estimates of soil buffering can be obtained from organic matter and clay content. Buffer capacities of organic matter and clay were estimated at 487 and 26 mmol(±) kg−1 (pH unit)−1, respectively. Soil pH, titratable acidity, and effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) were monitored for 18 yr after lime application [Ca(OH)2 at rates of 0, 4.5 and 6.7 t ha−1] to field plots in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow rotation. In limed plots, there was a tendency for pH, exchangeable Ca and effective CEC to decrease with time in the 0–7.5 cm layer and to increase in the 7.5–15 cm layer. This was attributed to mixing of the two layers during cultivation. In the 0–15 cm layer as a whole, there was no discernible change in acidity, Ca, or CEC during the monitoring period. Negligible re-acidification in limed soil was consistent with the estimated H+ budget. External acidification sources were negligible (no N fertilizer was applied). Acidification due to leaching of nitrate and export of cations in grain over 18 yr was estimated at 6–7 kmol(H+) ha−1. This amount of acidity would lower soil pH by less than 0.1 units [buffer capacity of the top 15 cm of soil was ≈70 kmol(±) ha−1 (pH unit)–1], an amount too small to be detectable against background variability. Key words: Buffer capacity, organic matter, proton budget, titratable acidity

scholarly journals Quality Enhancement of Humid Tropical Soils after Application of Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) Compost

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainal Muktamar ◽  
Bajora Justisia ◽  
Nanik Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Available P ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Coefficient Corrélation ◽  
Compost Application

Compost application to soil leads to the improvement of its properties. However, nutrient content and enhancing capacity of compost are highly dependent on the original source and additive. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate selected soil quality indicators’ improvement and sweet corn growth following application of water hyacinth compost. Greenhouse experiment was carried out using Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. First factor consisted of soils from humid tropics, i.e. Andepts, Udepts, and Udults and second factor comprised of water hyacinth compost rates, i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Mg ha-1. Treatment combinations were replicated 3 times. Compost was incorporated in soil a week before planting of sweet corn. After reaching maximum sweet corn growth, soil sample was collected, air-dried, grinded and passed through 0.5 mm screen, and analyzed for selected soil properties, except microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and particulate organic matter carbon (POMC) which were analyzed using fresh soil samples. The experiment pointed out that application of water hyacinth compost on Udepts exhibited the highest total soil organic carbon (TSOC), MBC, soil pH and available P (Bray I), followed by those in Andeps and Udults. Particulate organic matter carbon (PMOC), however, was highest in Andepts as compared to other soils. Higher rates of compost application contributed higher increase in TSOC, MBC, soil pH, available P, and exchangeable K. Udults had more pronounced increase in soil pH and decline of exchangeable Al than other soils. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the most distinct correlation among soil properties was observed between exchangeable Al and soil pH, followed by TSOC and MBC with coefficient correlation of -0.91 and 0.85, respectively. Correlation between soil properties and sweet corn growth exhibited that the most prominent correlation was shown between available P and shoot dry weigh of sweet corn with coefficient correlation of 0.92. This indicates that soil available P has significant contribution on sweet corn growth.

Geomorphic controls on aluminium in acid soils of the Axe Creek catchment, Victoria

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 951 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruth ◽  
B. B. Johnson ◽  
T. J. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Pyrocatechol Violet

This study investigates the influence of terrain, including steepness and position in slope, on soil pH, extractable aluminium (Al), and organic carbon (OC) in the Axe Creek catchment, Victoria. Both soil pH and Al were determined by use of 1 : 5 soil : 0·01 M CaCl2 extracts, with Al measured colorimetrically using a modified pyrocatechol violet method. Although all soils were acidic, the Al concentration was highest on the hilltops (>10 mg/kg) and lowest at base-of-slope sites (<1 mg/kg). The concentration of Al was generally inversely related to soil pH. However, on average, a lower Al concentration was found in the top 10 cm than in the interval from 10 to 30 cm, even though the soil pH remained relatively constant throughout the top 30 cm. The lower Al concentration in the surface layer corresponded to a substantially higher level of OC near the surface, suggesting the formation of Al-organic matter complexes.

WATER-SOLUBLE AND EXCHANGEABLE ALUMINUM IN ACID SOILS AS AFFECTED BY LIMING AND FERTILIZATION

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. MacLeod ◽  
L. P. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
Surface Soil Ph ◽  
Representative Samples

The concentration of water-soluble and exchangeable aluminum was determined in the 0–15-, 15–23-, 23–30- and 30–45-cm depths of a Podzol limed to provide surface soil pH values ranging from 4.5 to 7.2. Both soluble and exchangeable Al decreased with increasing soil pH. Soluble Al ranged from 5.7 ppm at pH 4.4 with high fertilization to 0.3 ppm at pH 6.5 with similar fertilization. Increasing the rate of fertilization at pH 4.5 raised the soluble Al from 2.6 to 5.7 ppm. Fertilization still doubled the soluble Al in soil at pH 5.1 but had little effect as the pH was raised further to 5.8 and 6.5. Soluble Al in the subsoil samples was less than in surface soil samples at the same pH, while with exchangeable Al, the concentration was greater in the subsoil than in the surface soil samples.There was not a direct relationship between pH and soluble Al, although the highest soluble Al concentrations occurred at lowest soil pH levels. Analyses of 30 representative samples of surface soil taken from farmers' fields showed that the soluble Al concentration at pH 4.0 ranged from 3.5 to 4.8 ppm, while at a pH of 5.0 it ranged from 0.2 to 2.8 ppm. The concentrations of soluble Al in many of these soils exceeded the levels previously shown by nutrient solution experiments to severely restrict growth of legumes and some varieties of barley.

RESPONSE OF BARLEY AND ALFALFA TO LIMING OF SOLONETZIC, PODZOLIC AND GLEYSOLIC SOILS OF THE PEACE RIVER REGION

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Hoyt ◽  
A. M. F. Hennig ◽  
J. L. Dobb
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Peace River ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
River Region

In a greenhouse experiment, lime applied to soils from a northern region of Alberta and British Columbia generally caused decreases in barley yields when no P was added and increases when P was added. Liming usually gave increases in alfalfa yields whether P was added or not. These changes in yields of barley and alfalfa were inversely related to soil organic matter and those of alfalfa were also inversely related to soil pH. Soluble Al in these soils, extracted by dilute HCl (pH 2.4), was inversely related to both soil organic matter and pH, and probably because of this, the yield changes were better correlated with soluble Al than with pH. In field trials placed near six of the 28 sampling sites, lime applications gave yield increases of bromegrass-alfalfa hay similar to those for alfalfa in the greenhouse experiment.

scholarly journals The use of the 'wet workability limit' to predict the land quality 'workability' for some Uruguayan soils.

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
A. Terzaghi ◽  
W.B. Hoogmoed ◽  
R. Miedema
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Critical Moisture Content ◽  
Critical Moisture ◽  
Highly Correlated

In an attempt to predict soil workability, the upper critical moisture content for tillage was determined for some Uruguayan soils, using two laboratory methods developed for Dutch conditions ('upper tillage limit' or UTL, and 'wet workability limit' or WWL). The results obtained showed that the critical point is mainly influenced by the percentage clay and organic matter (OM) in the soil, yielding the linear relationship: UTL = 7.5 + 1.91 x OM (%) + 0.34 x clay (%). The UTL is highly correlated with the moisture content at a range of pF values between 2.0 and 2.7, this being a consequence of the influence of clay and organic matter on the shape of the pF curve. The results obtained by both methods (UTL and WWL) are highly correlated (r = 0.88). Within a certain range of texture, both methods give statistically the same result. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

EFFECTS OF ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT ON EXCHANGEABLE Al AND pH-DEPENDENT ACIDITY OF VERY ACID SOILS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. HOYT
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Ph Dependent

Twenty-nine soil samples were selected within a field for similar pH (4.60–4.72) but with widely varying organic matter contents (3.5–20.5%). Exchangeable Al decreased while pH-dependent acidity increased with increasing organic matter content. The implication of these relationships for liming practices is discussed.

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