EFFET DES DOSES, DES SOURCES ET DU MODE D’APPORT DE L’AZOTE SUR RENDEMENT ET LA MATURITE DE LA POMME DE TERRE CULTIVEE SUR DIFFERENTS TYPES DE SOLS DU QUEBEC

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCEL GIROUX
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Content ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity ◽  
Total Soil N

The objectives of this work were to determine the effects of N-fertilizer sources, rates and fractionation on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yields, petiole-N content, defoliation and tuber specific gravity. To achieve these ends, urea and ammonium nitrate were side-dressed at 0, 70, 140 and 210 kg N/ha, by applying either all at planting or by fractionating the applications into half at planting and the other half a month later. The field experiments were carried out on eight sites consisting of six soil series. Nitrogen fertilization increased yields on all sites; the rate required for attaining maximum yields varied for 130 to 210 kg N/ha, according to the experimental site, with an average of 180 kg N/ha. Generally, both N-sources and fertilization methods had similar effects on yields defoliation, petiole N-content and tuber specific gravity. A 210-kg urea-N application at planting on the Lapointe loamy sand, however, decreased yields significantly. The importance of soil type, available water and total soil-N are discussed in relation to the quantities of fertilizer-N required to achieve maximum yields.

EFFECTS OF APPLIED NITROGEN ON YIELDS, TUBER SIZES, AND SPECIFIC GRAVITIES OF TWO POTATO CULTIVARS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. MUNRO ◽  
R. P. WHITE ◽  
J. B. SANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
N Application ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Sebago and Netted Gem) were grown at several locations on Prince Edward Island over a 5-yr period with rates of applied N from zero to 336 kg/ha. Significant yield responses to applied N occurred at all locations each year with each cultivar. At most locations, 112–134 kg N/ha was adequate for maximum yields. The response of the two cultivars to applied N was similar. Applied N up to 134 kg/ha increased the percentage yields of A-size tubers. Tuber specific gravity was affected by N application at only 8 of the 15 locations. Generally, excessive rates of applied N reduced specific gravity but rates sufficient for maximum yields were not deterimental.

Enhancing Soil Fertility through Intercropping, Inoculation and Fertilizer

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arshad Ullah ◽  
Nazir Hussain ◽  
Helge Schmeisky ◽  
Muhammad Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Content ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Crop Harvest ◽  
Total Soil N

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of intercropping grass (Panicummaximum) and legumes (Vicia sativa and cowpeas) alone or coupled with inoculation or fertilizer on soilfertility. The study comprised of two field experiments conducted under rain fed conditions for two years(June, 2005 to September, 2007) at National Agriculture Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. In oneexperiment intercropping (33, 50 and 67%) of grass and legumes alone as well as coupled with seedinoculation were studied while, same set of treatments was combined with fertilizer application at the ratesof 25, 75 and 50 kg/ha (N, P2O5 and K2O) in the second experiment. Total soil N increased by 0.008% dueto symbiotic fixation in addition to plant uptake under best treatment when compared with grass alonewhile, soil organic matter increased by 0.19%. After crop harvest soil N content was determined to behigher in all the treatments of the experiment compared with growing grass alone. Legumes caused rhizobialN fixation that caused an increase in soil N. Similarly, intercropping and inoculation increased this soilcharacteristic that was found to be non-significant in the first crop but later on became significant, especiallywhen intercropping of grass with legumes after seed inoculation was investigated or fertilizer wassupplemented to the crops. Thus, not only grass used the symbiotically fixed N by companion legumesbut also enhanced the soil N content. The effect of fertilizer was not measurable statistically in case of soilorganic matter. This parameter, in general, was not affected significantly when assessed after first cropharvest. Nevertheless, legumes alone or intercropped within grass increased this important soil constituent.Inoculation proved further beneficial in this regard but combination of intercropping (especially 67%)either with seed inoculation or application of fertilizer was found as the best technique for increasing soilorganic matter.

THE EFFECT OF SEEDPIECE POPULATION AND HARVEST DATE ON YIELD AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF CARLTON POTATOES IN MANITOBA

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019-1025
Author(s):  
B. L. REX ◽  
W. A. RUSSELL ◽  
H. R. WOLFE
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Hollow Heart ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity ◽  
Final Harvest

The effect of seedpiece population on Carlton potatoes for the early tablestock market was evaluated under rainfed conditions in southern Manitoba over the 1982, 1983 and 1985 growing seasons. Populations of 21.7, 26.3, 33.3, and 45.5 thousand seedpieces per hectare were harvested 75, 85 and 95 d after planting each year. Total and marketable tuber yields increased with population. Tuber specific gravity increased with population in 1982 and in the first two harvests in 1983, but no trends were observed in 1985 and in the final harvest in 1983. The incidence of hollow heart in marketable tubers was very low in all 3 yr, and was not related to seedpiece population or date of harvest. Net crop value (NCV) usually increased with successive harvests within each year, and generally showed a positive relationship with seedpiece population.Key words: Potato, Solanum tuberosum L., Carlton, seedpiece population, hollow heart, specific gravity

Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on yield, specific gravity, crisp colour, and tuber chemical composition of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Kennebec

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 813 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
AP Dahlenburg ◽  
CMJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Vascular Ring ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
First Order ◽  
Curvilinear Relationships ◽  
Main Effects

Five field experiments were conducted over 3 years in the Mt Lofty Ranges (4 sites) and the Upper South East (1 site) to examine the significance of main effects and interactions between nitrogen (N, up to 360 kg N/ha), phosphorus (P, up to 320 kg P/ha), and potassium (K, up to 480 kg K/ha) on total yield, yield of 80-350 g size grade, specific gravity, crisp colour, and chemical composition of tubers of potato cv. Kennebec. There were significant (P<0.05) main effects of increasing rates of applied N on total tuber yield and yield of 80-350 g tubers at 2 of the 5 experimental sites; the effect of applied P was significant at 3 sites, and applied K also at 3 sites. Application of N, P, and K increased total tuber yield by 13-432%, 19-145%, and 19-89%, respectively, at responsive sites. Increases in the yield of 80-350 g tubers were similar to those for total yield. There were significant first-order interactions (N x K, N x P, K x P) at 2 sites. The interactions were (i) response to the application of 1 nutrient limited by suboptimal rates of another; and (ii) yield depression, due to high rates of 1 or more nutrients. Nitrogen and P increased specific gravity at only 1 of the sites where they were applied. Potassium increased specific gravity at 1 site but decreased it at another. There were significant N x K, N x P, and K x P interactions at 2 sites. Vascular ring colour index (CI) and medulla CI were significantly (P<0.05) affected by rates of applied N, P, and K at 1, 3, and 4 experimental sites, respectively. Application of K (up to 480 kg K/ha) decreased vascular ring CI and medulla CI. Application of P increased the colour indices; for example, increasing the rate of P from nil to 160 kg/ha increased mean (� s.e.) vascular ring CI from 51 � 18 to 117 � 17. No interactions between N, P, and K in their effects on medulla CI were significant. For vascular ring CI, significant first-order interactions (K x N, K x P) were observed at 2 sites, at which application of N and P at nil K significantly increased vascular ring CI. At 240 or 480 kg K/ha, there was no change. Significant (P<0.001) curvilinear relationships were found between specific gravity and the concentrations of N, P, and K in the stem-end region of tubers; the coefficients of determination (r2) were 0.27, 0.62, and 0.76, respectively. For the combined medulla CI and vascular ring CI data, the corresponding values were 0.19 (P<0.001), 0.29 (P<0.001), and 0.05 (n.s.), respectively.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Azospirillum, associated with nitrogen fertilization in maize

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Janaína Dartora ◽  
Deniele Marini ◽  
João Elias Hann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
N Content ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf N

The biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to supply the nitrogen needed for maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development and yield of maize in response to inoculation with Azospirillum associated with nitrogen fertilization. We conducted two field experiments in the summer harvest, the first in the 2000/2001 crop year in the region of Marechal Cândido Rondon, under conventional tillage, and second in the 2002/2003 agricultural year in the region of Cascavel, under no tillage. The experimental design in both experiments was a randomized complete block, with four replications, 2x2x2 factorial, with two levels of nitrogen at sowing (zero and 20 kg ha-1), two levels of inoculum (zero and 200 g ha-1) and two levels of nitrogen in topdressing (zero and 100 kg ha-1). There was evaluated the height of ear insertion, total plant height, leaf N content, shoot dry biomass and grain yield. The height of ear insertion and total plant height were not influenced by the factors under study. Nitrogen fertilization at sowing increased the leaf N content, causing the opposite effect when combined with inoculation. Inoculation with Azospirillum in the absence of nitrogen, provide productivity increases of 15.4% and 7.4% for 2000/2001 and 2002/2003 crops, respectively. The inoculation provided productivity similar to that obtained with 100 kg ha-1 in topdressing in crop 2000/2001, while in association with the topdressing, reduced productivity and shoot dry biomass in crop 2002/2003.

Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Yield and processing quality

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 855-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Zebarth ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
G. Moreau ◽  
E. Botha
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Russet Burbank Potato ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Tuber Size ◽  
Processing Quality ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Fry Colour ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity

Split fertilizer N application is thought to improve fertilizer N use efficiency of potato, primarily by reducing NO3 leaching losses. This study evaluated the effects of the rate and timing of N fertilization on yield and processing quality of Russet Burbank potato under rain-fed production. Trials conducted in 1999–2001 included different fertilizer N rates (0–160 kg N ha-1 in 1999 and 0–200 kg N ha-1 in 2000 and 2001) applied either at planting according to normal grower practice, or at hilling, the latest time that granular fertilizer can practically be applied. Tuber total and marketable yield, size distribution, specific gravity, fry colour and tuber concentrations of NO3, sucrose and glucose were measured. Increasing rates of N fertilization increased tuber yield and tuber size, increased tuber NO3 concentration and decreased tuber specific gravity, but had little effect on tuber sugar concentrations or fry colour. Season-to-season variations in total tuber yield responses to N fertilization rate were attributed primarily to variation in soil N supply. Timing of N application had little effect on tuber yield, size distribution or processing quality under adequate soil moisture conditions. However, under dry soil conditions, split N application reduced tuber yield and tuber size. Key words: Solanum tuberosum, tuber specific gravity, tuber nitrate concentration, fry colour

Effect of phosphorus on the specific gravity of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) of cultivars Kennebec and Coliban

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
KA Potocky-Pacay ◽  
AP Dahlenburg ◽  
CMJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Phosphorus Application ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tissue Phosphorus

The effect of phosphorus banded at planting, at rates up to 240 kg/ha, on the specific gravity of tubers of cvv. Kennebec (10 sites) and Coliban (5 sites) was investigated using field experiments conducted during 1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87. The relationship between specific gravity and phosphorus concentration in petioles of youngest fully expanded leaves (P-YFEL) was also determined. As the rate of applied phosphorus increased there were significant positive and negative trends in specific gravity. However, the size of the effect varied between sites; for example, the maximum and minimum ranges in specific gravity (based on treatment means) due to phosphorus application were 1.0762-1.0869 (site 13) and 1.0753-1.0772 (site 24), respectively for the cv. Kennebec and 1.0598-1.0683 (site 22) and 1.0715-1.0753 (site 17), respectively for the cv. Coliban. Rates of applied phosphorus, which resulted in maximum specific gravity, also varied between sites. Maximum specific gravities occurred at phosphorus rates in the ranges 0-100 and 40-240 kg/ha for cvv. Kennebec and Coliban, respectively. There were significant relationships (5 quadratic and 1 negative linear) between phosphorus concentration in P-YFEL and specific gravity for cv. Kennebec at all 6 responsive sites. Phosphorus concentrations in P-YFEL associated with maximum specific gravities were in the range 0.29-0.51%. For cv. Coliban, over similar tissue phosphorus concentration ranges, there were significant (P<0.05) positive linear relationships for 1 responsive and 2 non-responsive sites. When data for cv. Kennebec were pooled for all sites, there was a significant (P<0.05) quadratic relationship between specific gravity and tissue phosphorus concentration (range 0.22-0.77%). For the cv. Coliban the trend was not significant (P>0.05). We have concluded that the rate of phosphorus banded at planting can affect specific gravity and that the cvv. Kennebec and Coliban differ in their sensitivity to this effect.

scholarly journals Nutrient uptake, harvest and addition by crops under different cropping sequences

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Monjurul Alam ◽  
Syed Alauddin Ahmad ◽  
AH Khan ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Floodplain Soil ◽  
Cropping Patterns

A field trial was conducted to determine the nutrient uptake, harvest and addition by different crops under jute included and jute excluded cropping sequences. The crops were potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), jute (Corchorus olitorius L.), broadcast aus rice and transplanted aman rice (Oryza sativa L.). The soil of the experimental site represents Melandha soil series under noncalcareous brown floodplain soil (General Soil Type) which belongs to Agro Ecological Zone No. 8 (Young Brahmaputra and Jumuna Floodplain). Experiment was conducted with potato as base crop in rabi season for three consecutive years in the same field. The treatments (cropping patterns) were Potato - Jute - T. aman, Potato - B. aus - T. aman, Potato - Fallow - T. aman, and Fallow - Jute - T. aman. Jute plant harvested the lowest amount of nutrients and added back the highest amount to the soil. Contributions to the additions of nutrients by crops followed the following sequence: for nitrogen jute > B. aus > T. aman > potato; for phosphorus jute > T. aman > B. aus > potato; for potassium jute > B. aus > T.aman > potato, and for sulphur jute > B. aus > T. aman > potato.Key words: Nutrient uptake; Harvest; Addition; Cropping sequenceDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i1.8874Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 20(1): 81-89, 2011 (January)

COPPER AND ZINC NUTRITION OF RUSSET BURBANK POTATOES GROWN ON PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. SANDERSON ◽  
UMESH C. GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Zinc Nutrition ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

Field experiments were conducted on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) at two locations in P.E.I. to determine the response to soil- and foliar-applied Cu and Zn on tuber yield and leaf tissue nutrient concentration over a period of 3 yr. Foliar applications of 0.5–2 kg Cu ha−1 applied 1–2 wk prebloom reduced total tuber yield, number of tubers over 55 mm in diameter, average tuber weight, and specific gravity. The mean potato yield of tubers over 55 mm from the foliar-applied Cu treatments was less than the soil applied Cu by 4.5, 0.74, and 7.5 t ha−1 for 1985, 1986, and 1987, respectively. The toxic concentrations of Cu in potato leaves ranged from 63 to 139 μg g−1. Soil-applied Cu increased tissue Cu in the first sampling but had no effect in the second sampling. Foliar applications of Zn at 1–2 kg ha−1 reduced total tuber yield, tuber yield and tuber count over 55 mm, and specific gravity. The toxic concentrations of Zn in potato leaves ranged from 97 to 224 μg g−1. For the first sampling, the leaf tissue Zn concentrations ranged from 21 to 30 μg g−1 for the control and 27 to 70 μg g−1 for soil-applied Zn treatment. There was no difference in the Zn concentration between these two treatments for the second sampling. Copper and Zn concentrations as low as 7 and 21 μg g−1, respectively, in potato leaves were not related to deficiency of these nutrients, based on tuber yields. Soil applications of Cu or Zn would appear preferable to foliar sprays, which may cause phytotoxicity, as a means of increasing plant Cu or Zn content where a deficiency is suspected.Key words: Solanum tuberosum L., tuber yield, leaf copper, leaf zinc, Podzolic soil, potato

scholarly journals The research of dynamic impacts on the hydraulic structure foundation base, transformed in the process of accident recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 04040
Author(s):  
Zaven Ter-Martirosyan ◽  
Ivan Luzin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Foundation Base ◽  
Dynamic Impacts ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the results of a comprehensive research of the dynamic impacts on a modified base. The modified base was obtained as a result of compensatory injection at the experimental site for the accident recovery at the hydraulic engineering structure. The complex study of the dynamic impacts includes special laboratory tests to determine the soil parameters, the finite element analysis of the experimental site, taking into account the dynamic properties, the selection of the necessary equipment for field experiments based on the numerical solution results, a full-scale experiment with the measurement of the foundation sediments of the experimental site.

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