Cabbage seedpod weevil resistance in canola (Brassica Napus L.) yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and canola × yellow mustard hybrids

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Ross ◽  
Jack Brown ◽  
Joseph P. McCaffrey ◽  
Bradley L. Harmon ◽  
Jim B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Yellow Mustard ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Obstrictus ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Cabbage Seedpod Weevil

Canola, yellow mustard and yellow mustard × canola hybrids were screened for resistance to Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham) in a series of greenhouse and laboratory choice tests. Tests were conducted using small and large cages designed to hold Brassica pods or whole plants, respectively, with ovipositing female C. obstrictus. Pods were examined for feeding punctures, eggs laid and exit holes that resulted from emerging larvae. All yellow mustard cultivars examined were highly resistant to C. obstrictus feeding and egg laying. In addition, hybrid lines were found with significantly reduced feeding punctures, oviposition, and exit holes compared with canola. A negative relationship was observed between total glucosinolate content of seed and C. obstrictus resistance; however, in both detached pod and whole plant choice tests, hybrids were identified with high seed glucosinolate content that were more susceptible than the most susceptible canola. The relatively poor association between total seed meal glucosinolate content and C. obstrictus resistance is highly important and plant breeders should be able to develop canola-quality oil and seed meal characteristics with improved C. obstrictus resistance using yellow mustard × canola hybrids. The effect of specific glucosinolate types on C. obstrictus resistance may be more complex than previously thought, and further research will be needed to better understand the relationship between specific glucosinolate types and resistance to C. obstrictus. Key words: Brassica napus, Sinapis alba, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus, cabbage seedpod weevil, insect resistance, glucosinolate

Antixenosis and antibiosis resistance to Ceutorhynchus obstrictus in novel germplasm derived from Sinapis alba x Brassica napus

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Tansey ◽  
Lloyd M. Dosdall ◽  
Andrew Keddie ◽  
Ron S. Fletcher ◽  
Laima S. Kott
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Resistant Line ◽  
Thlaspi Arvense ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Obstrictus ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Cabbage Seedpod Weevil ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance

AbstractIntrogression of cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), resistance from Sinapis alba L. to susceptible Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae) has produced genetic lines resistant to the weevil in replicated field trials. In the current study, weevil feeding and oviposition on S. alba and on resistant novel lines developed by crossing S. alba × B. napus were less frequent than on susceptible germplasm. Development times were greater and biomass was less when larvae were reared on resistant lines or S. alba. Oocyte development was faster in post-diapause springtime adult female weevils caged on susceptible plants than in those on a resistant line, S. alba, or an early-season food host, Thlaspi arvense L (Brassicaceae). Our results suggest that antixenosis resistance and antibiosis resistance are expressed by resistant lines. These results and previous chemical analyses of these lines also suggest that resistance is potentially influenced by attractive and (or) feeding-stimulant effects of 2-phenylethyl glucosinolate and antifeedant or toxic effects of 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate.

Resistance of canola-quality cultivars of yellow mustard, Sinapis alba L., to the cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 397-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. McCaffrey ◽  
B. L. Harmon ◽  
J. Brown ◽  
J. B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Assimilis ◽  
Yellow Mustard ◽  
Sinapis Alba L ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Obstrictus ◽  
Cabbage Seedpod Weevil ◽  
Canola Quality ◽  
Resistance Traits

Oilseed Bassica is susceptible to attack by the cabbage seedpod weevil while commercial yellow mustard, Sinapis alba L., is resistant. The objective of this study was to determine if canola-quality S. alba would maintain its resistance traits. In laboratory choice and nochoice tests we found the number of eggs laid by the weevil to be low or non-existent in all S. alba genotypes. Key words: Ceutorhynchus obstrictus, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, Sinapis alba, plant resistance

Assessment of Sinapis alba, Brassica napus and S. alba×B. napus hybrids for resistance to cabbage seedpod weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. McCAFFREY ◽  
B. L. HARMON ◽  
J. BROWN ◽  
A. P. BROWN ◽  
J. B. DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Assimilis ◽  
Intergeneric Cross ◽  
Cabbage Seedpod Weevil

Canola (Brassica napus L.), yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and intergeneric crosses of S. alba×B. napus were assessed for resistance (antixenosis) to the cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis Paykull). Pod trichomes did not appear to be a major factor in the resistance of S. alba to weevils. The number of feeding punctures and eggs per pod in S. alba was not significantly different in pods with trichomes than in those where the trichomes had been removed. Choice and no-choice laboratory tests examining feeding punctures and eggs laid per pod suggested that resistance in S. alba is not conferred in the intergeneric cross, S. alba×B. napus. Similar data on feeding and weevil oviposition were found in field test plots. However, despite many eggs being laid in S. alba×B. napus hybrid plants, fewer cabbage seedpod weevil larvae developed to exit the intergeneric hybrid pods. Glucosinolate analyses of leaves, pods and seeds showed that S. alba plants have a high concentration of p-hydroxybenzyl glucosinolate in all three plant parts, but B. napus has no p-hydroxybenzyl. Interestingly the intergeneric hybrid examined in this study had 62% and 60% of p-hydroxybenzyl concentration in the leaves and seeds, respectively, than was found in the S. alba parent. However, pod tissues contained very little (3%) compared with the S. alba parent. It is possible, therefore, that the adult cabbage seedpod weevil feeds on the pods of the intergeneric hybrid and lays eggs in the pod, because of the low concentration of p-hydroxybenzyl glucosinolate, but the larvae then fail to develop as they feed on the seeds containing high concentrations of p-hydroxybenzyl glucosinolate. It should be noted also that this hybrid produced pods that were more similar in physical shape to canola pods and that this may also be a factor determining cabbage seedpod weevil feeding and subsequent egg laying. In addition, both B. napus and the intergeneric hybrid produced 3-butenyl and 4-pentenyl glucosinolates in their pods, and degradation products (3-butenyl, and 4-pentenyl isothiocyanates) from these glucosinolate types, are known to be stimulatory kairomones that attract cabbage seedpod weevil. Further studies are being conducted to examine these factors in more detail.

Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) injury to Brassicaceae in field trials in northeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Andreassen ◽  
Juliana Soroka ◽  
Larry Grenkow ◽  
Owen Olfert ◽  
Rebecca H. Hallett
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Yellow Mustard ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Contarinia Nasturtii ◽  
Oriental Mustard

AbstractTo determine resistance of Brassicaceae field crops to Contarinia Róndani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) midge complex (Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer and Contarinia undescribed species), field trials of two different host assemblages were undertaken near Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada in 2014 and repeated in 2015. In both years the first midge adults appeared in early July, when most plants were starting to flower, and a second generation occurred in mid-August, past the period of crop susceptibility. In a trial studying 18 lines of six brassicaceous species, the lowest probability of midge injury was found on Camelina sativa (Linnaeus) Crantz lines in both years. No differences were found in the probability of midge injury among any of the 13 Brassica Linnaeus species lines tested, including commercial glyphosate-resistant and glufosinate-resistant Brassica napus Linnaeus canola lines, Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata Braun), brown or oriental mustard (Brassica juncea (Linnaeus) Czernajew), or Polish canola (Brassica rapa Linnaeus) lines. Probability of midge injury on Sinapis alba Linnaeus yellow mustard lines reached levels between those on Camelina sativa lines and those on Brassica lines. A second trial examining 14 current commercial glyphosate-resistant Brassica napus canola cultivars found no differences in susceptibility to midge feeding among any cultivars tested. More plants were damaged in 2015 in both studies, and damage reached maximum levels earlier in 2015 than in 2014.

scholarly journals Larval phenologies and parasitoids of two seed-feeding weevils associated with hoary cress and shepherd's purse (Brassicaceae) in Europe

2011 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck J. Muller ◽  
Lloyd M. Dosdall ◽  
Peter G. Mason ◽  
Ulrich Kuhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Obstrictus ◽  
Hoary Cress ◽  
Cabbage Seedpod Weevil ◽  
Alien Pest ◽  
Host Associations

AbstractIn Europe, Ceutorhynchus turbatus Schultze and Ceutorhynchus typhae (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feed on seeds from hoary cress and shepherd's purse (Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. and Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.); both plants are invasive in North America. In North America, C. turbatus is a candidate for biological control of hoary cress, C. typhae is adventive, and both are sympatric with cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus (Marsham)), an invasive alien pest of canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L., Brassicaceae). We investigated host associations among C. turbatus, C. typhae, and their parasitoids in Europe. Of particular interest was host specificity of Trichomalus perfectus (Walker) and Mesopolobus morys (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), candidates for biological control of C. obstrictus in North America. We found no evidence that T. perfectus attacks C. turbatus or C. typhae; however, M. morys was the most common parasitoid associated with C. turbatus.

Effect of time of sowing on oil content, erucic acid and glucosinolate contents in rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Marnoo)

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Sang ◽  
CA Bluett ◽  
BR Elliott ◽  
RJW Truscott
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Meal Quality

The effect of time of sowing on the oil and meal quality of rapeseed (Brassica napus L. cv. Marnoo) was investigated at Werribee, Victoria, during 198 1 and 1982. In both years oil content declined with later sowing but the proportion of erucic acid in the oil was unaffected by sowing time. In contrast, later sowing increased the glucosinolate content of the seed meal, with July-September sowings exceeding the Canola standard. This increase was due primarily to the increased content of 2-hydroxybut-3- enyl glucosinolate (progoitrin).

Onion and Weed Response to Mustard (Sinapis alba) Seed Meal

Weed Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick A. Boydston ◽  
Matt J. Morra ◽  
Vladimir Borek ◽  
Lydia Clayton ◽  
Steven F. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Mustard Seed ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Leaf Stage

Weed control in organic onion production is often difficult and expensive, requiring numerous cultivations and extensive hand weeding. Onion safety and weed control with mustard seed meal (MSM) derived from Sinapis alba was evaluated in greenhouse and field trials. MSM applied at 110, 220, and 440 g m−2 severely injured onions and reduced onion stand by 25% or more when applied from planting to the one-leaf stage of onions in greenhouse trials. MSM derived from mustard cultivars ‘IdaGold’ and ‘AC Pennant’ reduced plant dry weight of redroot pigweed with an effective dose that provided 90% weed control (ED90) of 14.5 and 3.2 g m−2, respectively, in greenhouse trials, whereas the ED90 of MSM from a low-glucosinolate cultivar ‘00RN29D10’ was 128 g m−2, suggesting that glucosinolate content and ionic thiocyanate (SCN−) production contribute to phytotoxicity of MSM. In field trials, weed emergence, onion injury, and onion yield were recorded following single or three sequential applications of MSM from 1.1 to 4.5 MT ha−1 beginning at the two-leaf stage of onions in 2008, 2009, and 2010. By 8 wk after treatment (WAT), onion injury following MSM sequential applications was 10% or less in all 3 yr. Combined over 2008 and 2009, 48 and 68% fewer weeds emerged 3 WAT with MSM at 2.2 and 4.5 MT ha−1, respectively. In 2010, MSM at 2.2 and 4.5 MT ha−1 reduced the number of weeds emerged 4 WAT by 91 and 76%, respectively. MSM treatment did not significantly affect onion yield or size in 2008 and 2009, but in 2010 onion total yield was reduced by 29% by three sequential applications of MSM at 2.2 MT ha−1. MSM has potential to be used as a weed-suppressive amendment in organic production systems, but the risk of crop injury is substantial.

scholarly journals Suppression of Specific Apple Root Pathogens by Brassica napus Seed Meal Amendment Regardless of Glucosinolate Content

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Mazzola ◽  
David M. Granatstein ◽  
Donald C. Elfving ◽  
Kent Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Apple Replant Disease ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Replant Disease ◽  
Microbial Complex ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Brassica napus seed meal on the microbial complex that incites apple replant disease was evaluated in greenhouse trials. Regardless of glucosinolate content, seed meal amendment at a rate of 0.1% (vol/vol) significantly enhanced growth of apple and suppressed apple root infection by Rhizoctonia spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans. High glucosinolate B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments did not consistently suppress soil populations of Pythium spp. or apple root infection by this pathogen. Application of a low glucosinolate containing B. napus seed meal at a rate of 1.0% (vol/vol) resulted in a significant increase in recovery of Pythium spp. from apple roots, and a corresponding reduction in apple seedling root biomass. When applied at lower rates, B. napus seed meal amendments enhanced populations of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., but these bacteria were not recovered from soils amended with seed meal at a rate of 2% (vol/vol). Seed meal amendments resulted in increased soil populations of total bacteria and actinomycetes. B. napus cv. Dwarf Essex seed meal amendments were phytotoxic to apple when applied at a rate of 2% (vol/vol), and phytotoxicity was not diminished when planting was delayed for as long as 12 weeks after application. These findings suggest that B. napus seed meal amendments can be a useful tool in the management of apple replant disease and, in the case of Rhizoctonia spp., that disease control operates through mechanisms other than production of glucosinolate hydrolysis products.

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