Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on ammonia volatilization in wild blueberry production

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 1383-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Thyssen ◽  
David Percival ◽  
David Burton ◽  
Kevin Sanderson

Environmental losses of soil-applied N-fertilizers through ammonia volatilization were examined. Volatilization trials were established in the vegetative phase of wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE) in 2004 and 2005. Treatments consisted of no fertilizer (control) and N applications (35 kg N ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), diammonium phosphate (DAP), urea (U) and sulphur coated urea (SCU). When compared with the control, results indicated significantly elevated volatilization rates for U (303% NS in 2004, 274% PE in 2005), SCU (273% NS in 2004, 205% PE in 2005) and DAP (178% PE in 2005). Results indicate that volatilization losses are significant, site specific and may contribute to reductions in nutrient availability. Key words: Nitrogen, wild blueberry, environmental losses, ammonia, volatilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Zavaschi ◽  
Letícia de Abreu Faria ◽  
Godofredo Cesar Vitti ◽  
Carlos Antonio da Costa Nascimento ◽  
Thiago Augusto de Moura ◽  
...  

A form of increasing the efficiency of N fertilizer is by coating urea with polymers to reduce ammonia volatilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of polymer-coated urea on the control of ammonia volatilization, yield and nutritional characteristics of maize. The experiment was carried out during one maize growing cycle in 2009/10 on a Geric Ferralsol, inUberlândia, MG, Brazil. Nitrogen fertilizers were applied as topdressing on the soil surface in the following urea treatments: polymer-coated urea at rates of 45, 67.5 and 90 kg ha-1 N and one control treatment (no N), in randomized blocks with four replications. Nitrogen application had a favorable effect on N concentrations in leaves and grains, Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) chlorophyll meter readings and on grain yield, where as coated urea had no effect on the volatilization rates, SPAD readings and N leaf and grain concentration, nor on grain yield in comparison to conventional fertilization.


1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
MICHEL LAMARRE

A study was carried out over a 5-yr period on the influence of different forms of N and P on agronomic and chemical characteristics of cigar tobacco. Results showed that sulphur-coated urea significantly increased yield and gross return when compared with urea alone, but not when compared with ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate. Regular superphosphate (0–20–0) was shown to be superior to concentrated superphosphate (0–46–0) for yield, quality index and gross return. Key words: cigar tobacco, nitrogen, phosphorus


1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijay-Singh ◽  
J. C. Katyal

SummaryEfficiency of N contained in some modified urea fertilizers was studied for wetland rice grown in an alkaline, low organic matter Fatehpur loamy sand (Typic Ustipsamment) soil having an average percolation rate of 109 mm/day. In the four field experiments, sulphurcoated urea (SCU) produced significantly more rice grain than urea supergranules (USG) or divided applications of urea or ammonium sulphate. Application of SCU at 58 kg N/ha yielded as much rice grain as was produced by divided application of urea at 116 kg N/ha. The N uptake data suggested that SCU-N was more efficiently translated into grain yield than urea N. Granular (7-day release rate 19%) and forestry (7-day release rate 29%) grades of SCU were equally effective. However, application of half the N basally through SCU and the remaining half top dressed as urea failed to outyield all urea divided in three applications. The indigenous coated materials, rock-phosphate-coated urea and urea gypsum, also did not perform better than divided urea applications as these did not possess a 7-day release rate less than 95%. Urea supergranules placed in the reduced zone of the soil could not come to the level of divided application of urea or ammonium sulphate. The N uptake data indicated that USG-N was correspondingly inefficiently utilized by rice. When the deep placement aspect of USG was combined with slow-release properties of SCU in the form of sulphur-coated urea supergranules (SCUSG), the performance of this product was inferior even to the divided application of urea. Undissolved or partially dissolved granules of SCUSG could be recovered even after the harvest of the crop.


HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132A-1132
Author(s):  
David Percival ◽  
Gloria Thyssen ◽  
Kevin Sanderson ◽  
David Burton

Environmental losses of soil-applied nitrogen fertilizers were examined during 2004 in commercial wild blueberry fields in the vegetative phase of production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE). A randomized complete-block experimental design with five treatments, five replications, a plot size of 8 × 6 m, and 2-m buffers between plots was used. Treatments consisted of a control (no fertilizer application) and nitrogen applications (N at 35 kg·ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), urea (U), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU). Nitrogen applications occurred on 19 May and 9 June at the Kemptown (NS) and Mount Vernon (PE) sites, respectively. Cumulative ammonia volatilization was determined through the use of open top chambers with volatilization samples collected on 1, 2, 5, 8, and 12 days after treatment application. In addition, leaf tissue and yield component data were collected. A significant volatilization treatment effect was present at the Kemptown site with the U and SCU treatments having volatilization rates that were 321% and 207% greater than the control, respectively. Therefore, results from this study indicate that volatilization losses are significant and site specific and can negatively influence blueberry growth.


Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Alexia Morello da Silva Cascaldi ◽  
Rogério Teixeira de Faria ◽  
Luiz Fabiano Palaretti ◽  
Miquéias Gomes dos Santos ◽  
João Alberto Fischer Filho ◽  
...  

VOLATILIZAÇÃO DE AMÔNIA PROVENIENTE DE UREIA PROTEGIDA EM BRAQUIÁRIA IRRIGADA*     ALEXIA MORELLO DA SILVA CASCALDI1; ROGÉRIO TEIXEIRA DE FARIA1; LUIZ FABIANO PALARETTI1; MIQUÉIAS GOMES DOS SANTOS1; JOÃO ALBERTO FISCHER FILHO2 E JAIRO OSVALDO CAZETTA3   1Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) – Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane, s/n, Vila Industrial, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais – Unidade Frutal, Av. Professor Mário Palmerio, 1001, Bairro Universitário, 38200-000, Frutal, MG, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 3Departamento de Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) – Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane, s/n, Vila Industrial, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] *O artigo foi gerado a partir da dissertação de mestrado do primeiro autor.     1 RESUMO   O nitrogênio é essencial para as culturas, entretanto seu aproveitamento está sujeito a perdas no sistema solo-planta-atmosfera. Assim, alguns compostos têm sido utilizados com o propósito de reduzir essas perdas, aumentando a eficiência dos fertilizantes nitrogenados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da utilização do estabilizante de nitrogênio NZone Max® sobre as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia e lixiviação de nitrato, em cultivo de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. O experimento foi conduzido em Jaboticabal - SP e os tratamentos consistiram em 4 lâminas de irrigação (0,20; 0,40; 0,60 e 0,80 da evapotranspiração de referência), com adição ou não de estabilizante de nitrogênio à ureia aplicada.  O delineamento experimental foi em faixa com parcela subdividida, com lâminas na parcela e estabilizante na subparcela, com 4 repetições. Foram medidos: taxa de volatilização de amônia, teores de nitrato, amônio, N-total e valores de pH e condutividade elétrica da solução do solo. A taxa de volatilização de amônia atingiu um máximo no terceiro dia após a adubação. Nesse momento, a menor lâmina apresentou a maior taxa de amônia volatilizada, enquanto que a maior lâmina foi a de menor volatilização. Não foi observado efeito significativo do NZone Max® nas variáveis analisadas.   Palavras-chave: nitrogênio, irrigação, pastagem, Urochloa brizantha.     CASCALDI, A. M. S.; FARIA, R. T.; PALARETTI, L. F.; SANTOS, M. G.; FISCHER FILHO, J. A.; CAZETTA, J. O. AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION FROM COATED UREA IN IRRIGATED BRACHIARIA CROP           2 ABSTRACT   Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for crops, however its use is subject to many losses in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Thus, some compounds have been used for the purpose of reducing these losses, increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of NZone Max® nitrogen stabilizer on N losses through ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching, in an Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu crop. A field experiment was carried out in Jaboticabal – SP, and treatments consisted of 4 irrigation depths (0.20, 0.40, 0.60 and 0.80 of the reference evapotranspiration), with and without nitrogen stabilizer added to applied urea. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot strip design, with irrigation depths in the plot and stabilizer in the subplot, with 4 replications. The following variables were measured: ammonia volatilization rate, nitrate, ammonium, N-total, pH ​​and electrical conductivity of the soil solution. The volatilization rate of ammonia reached the highest values on the third day after fertilization. At that moment, the lower irrigation depth presented a higher rate of volatilized ammonia, while the higher depth presented the lowest volatilization. There was no significant effect of NZone Max® for the analyzed variables.   Keywords: nitrogen, irrigation, pasture, Urochloa brizantha.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
J. J. Frazão ◽  
A. R. Silva ◽  
F. H. M. Salgado ◽  
R. A. Flores ◽  
E. P. F. Brasil

The increase of the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilization promotes reduction of the applied dose and decreases the losses of nitrogen (N) to the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and the relative chlorophyll index (IRC) in cabbage crop under cover fertilization, using enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers, compared to urea, in variable doses. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 3x4+1 factorial scheme (three sources, four rates and control), with four replications. The N sources used were: common urea (U), urea treated with urease inhibitor NBPT® (UN) and Kimcoat® polymer coated urea (UK). The N rates used were 0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 kg ha-1, divided in two fertilizations at 20 and 40 days after transplantation. Up to 160 kg ha-1 of N, there was no difference between N sources and N rates for both yield and RCI. The enhanced-efficiency N sources (UN and UK) promoted higher averages compared to common urea, possibly due to the higher N losses from common urea. Thus, the use of urease inhibitors or polymers associated with urea is a promising strategy to improve cabbage yield, as well as reducing N losses to the environment.


2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. CM-2013-0117-01-RS
Author(s):  
William Hunter Frame ◽  
Marcus M. Alley ◽  
Wade Thomason ◽  
Garnett Whitehurst ◽  
Brooks Whitehurst ◽  
...  

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Thuy Thu Doan ◽  
Phimmasone Sisouvanh ◽  
Thanyakan Sengkhrua ◽  
Supranee Sritumboon ◽  
Cornelia Rumpel ◽  
...  

Organic amendments may improve the quality of acidic tropical agricultural soils with low organic carbon contents under conventional management (mineral fertilization and irrigation) in Southeast Asia. We investigated the effect of biochar, compost and their combination on maize growth and yield, soil physical, biological and chemical properties at harvesting time at four sites in three countries: Thailand, Vietnam and Laos. Treatments consisted of 10 t·ha−1 cow manure compost and 7 t·ha−1 of Bamboo biochar and their combination. Maize biomass production and cop yields were recorded for two seasons. Elemental content, pH and nutrient availability of soils were analyzed after the first growing season. We also characterized macrofauna abundance and water infiltration. Few changes were noted for maize biomass production and maize cop yield. Soil chemical parameters showed contrasting, site-specific results. Compost and biochar amendments increased soil organic carbon, pH, total K and N, P and K availability especially for sandy soils in Thailand. The combination of both amendments could reduce nutrient availability as compared to compost only treatments. Physical and biological parameters showed no treatment response. We conclude that the addition of compost, biochar and their mixture to tropical soils have site-specific short-term effects on chemical soil parameters. Their short-term effect on plants is thus mainly related to nutrient input. The site-dependent results despite similar crops, fertilization and irrigation practices suggest that inherent soil parameters and optimization of organic amendment application to specific pedoclimatic conditions need future attention.


Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Carlos Martín Sastre ◽  
Ruth Barro ◽  
Yolanda González-Arechavala ◽  
Ana Santos-Montes ◽  
Pilar Ciria

Nitrogen fertilizers have been identified in energy crops LCAs as the main contributors to global warming, as well as to many other environmental impacts. The distinct production process and application emissions of nitrogen fertilizer types for top dressing produce different GHG savings when energy crops value chains are compared to fossil energy alternatives. In this study, three types of fertilizers (calcium ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate) at N top dressing rates of 80 kg N/ha are used to grow rye for electricity generation under the conditions of the Continental Mediterranean climate of central-northern Spain. Complete LCAs for the whole value chain based on real data were performed in conjunction with soil nitrogen balances (SNBs) to assess the accomplishment of European Union (EU) GHG savings sustainability criteria, as well as the sustainability of fertilization practices for soil nitrogen stocks. The results obtained can provide interesting insights for policy making, since calcium ammonium nitrate, the most common fertilizer for rye crops, led to 66% GHG savings, as opposed to the 69% achieved when applying urea and 77% when ammonium sulphate was used. Nevertheless, the three fertilizers produced annual soil deficits greater than 50 kg N/ha. In order to ensure savings above 80%, as required by the EU sustainability criteria, and sustainable SNBs, additional optimization measures should be taken at key points of the value chain.


2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Kalsoom Babar ◽  
Mohd Khanif Yusop ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed Babar ◽  
Aijaz Ali Khooharo

Nitrogen (N) losses from agricultural fields are commonly observed particularly from urea. The rate of urea hydrolysis is accelerated as it remains in conventional form and about 70% of applied urea losses in different forms to atmosphere. Ammonia volatilization is persuasive loss among all the losses from urea. Therefore to minimize ammonia (NH3) volatilization the micronutrient coated urea is applied to enhance N-efficiency and its uptake. This study is an application of micronutrient coated urea with zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) for two soil series of Malaysia. A laboratory experiment was designed according to the force draft technique for trapping the NH3 loss. The results have manifested that the rate of ammonia volatilization was 16% from uncoated urea and 8% from coated urea with micronutrients during the first two weeks of observations. After the six weeks of observations it was perceived that the ammonia losses for both soil series were gradually decreased with time. The mean comparison by using Tukey’s range test has shown the positive effect of micronutrient coated urea in comparison with the conventional urea. However the urea coated with the combination of both micronutrients Cu and Zn has shown significant difference in contrast to the coating urea with single micronutrient. The overall results revealed the efficacy of micronutrient coated urea on both of the soil series to maximize N-uptake and reduce NH3 volatilization.


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