scholarly journals Environmental Losses of Soil-applied Nitrogen Sources in Lowbush Blueberry Production

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132A-1132
Author(s):  
David Percival ◽  
Gloria Thyssen ◽  
Kevin Sanderson ◽  
David Burton
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mount Vernon ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

Environmental losses of soil-applied nitrogen fertilizers were examined during 2004 in commercial wild blueberry fields in the vegetative phase of production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE). A randomized complete-block experimental design with five treatments, five replications, a plot size of 8 × 6 m, and 2-m buffers between plots was used. Treatments consisted of a control (no fertilizer application) and nitrogen applications (N at 35 kg·ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), urea (U), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU). Nitrogen applications occurred on 19 May and 9 June at the Kemptown (NS) and Mount Vernon (PE) sites, respectively. Cumulative ammonia volatilization was determined through the use of open top chambers with volatilization samples collected on 1, 2, 5, 8, and 12 days after treatment application. In addition, leaf tissue and yield component data were collected. A significant volatilization treatment effect was present at the Kemptown site with the U and SCU treatments having volatilization rates that were 321% and 207% greater than the control, respectively. Therefore, results from this study indicate that volatilization losses are significant and site specific and can negatively influence blueberry growth.

Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on ammonia volatilization in wild blueberry production

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 1383-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Thyssen ◽  
David Percival ◽  
David Burton ◽  
Kevin Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Ammonium Sulphate ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Wild Blueberry ◽  
Key Words Nitrogen

Environmental losses of soil-applied N-fertilizers through ammonia volatilization were examined. Volatilization trials were established in the vegetative phase of wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE) in 2004 and 2005. Treatments consisted of no fertilizer (control) and N applications (35 kg N ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), diammonium phosphate (DAP), urea (U) and sulphur coated urea (SCU). When compared with the control, results indicated significantly elevated volatilization rates for U (303% NS in 2004, 274% PE in 2005), SCU (273% NS in 2004, 205% PE in 2005) and DAP (178% PE in 2005). Results indicate that volatilization losses are significant, site specific and may contribute to reductions in nutrient availability. Key words: Nitrogen, wild blueberry, environmental losses, ammonia, volatilization

Managing nitrogen for sustainable corn systems: Problems and possibilities

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Magdoff
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Sound Management

AbstractExcessive nitrogen fertilizer use in corn production has resulted in widespread nitrate pollution of ground water and economic losses for farmers. In addition, reliance on nitrogen fertilizers produced with large amounts of fossil fuels may not be economically or environmentally sustainable in the future. Although leaching of significant amounts of nitrate to the ground water is inherent in growing corn, several techniques are available for more environmentally and agronomically sound management. The following management practices are discussed in this article: sidedress as the main method of N fertilizer application; the pre-sidedress (Magdoff) nitrate soil test; farm-based nitrogen sources (manures, green manures, and rotations with sod crops); cover crops for lowering profile nitrate during the most likely period for leaching; and the end of season stalk nitrate test.

Comparison of consecutive and alternate fertilizer applications in wild blueberry production

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Eaton ◽  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Soil Accumulation ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Research has shown that improved nutrient uptake and yield of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait) are very sporadic when fertilizers are applied. Growers are concerned with environment impacts and keeping fertilizer costs to a minimum. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of wild blueberries to soil-applied fertilization over four cropping cycles in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia from 1997 to 2004. Commercial fertilizers (17-17-17, 1-46-0 and 13-26-5) were soil-applied in the sprout year either as a consecutive fertilizer application (every cropping cycle) or an alternate fertilizer application (every second cropping cycle). All fertilizers were applied at a rate of 200 kg ha-1. Fertilizer applications increased soil levels of P and K, leaf tissue concentrations of N and P and stem lengths of plants. Higher levels of soil P and leaf tissue concentrations of N, P and K were observed with consecutive than with alternate fertilizer applications. Average stem lengths, buds and blossoms per stem were higher over the length of the study when fertilizers were applied consecutively compared with alternately. Fruit yields were increased compared with the unfertilized control. Within applied fertilizers treatments, fruit yield was not affected when fertilizer was applied in either consecutive or alternate cropping cycles. Alternate fertilizer applications may reduce soil accumulation of P and production costs without comprising yields. Key words: Cropping cycles, fertilization, soil and tissue nutrients, yield

scholarly journals Yield Response of Upland Rice as Influenced by Enhanced-Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers in the Brazilian Cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Vinícius Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Eliana Paula Fernandes Brasil ◽  
Welldy Gonçalves Teixeira ◽  
Felipe Corrêa Veloso dos Santos ◽  
Atila Reis da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea

Nitrogen (N) fertilizers have their use efficiency adversely affected by the rate and source of N. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the yield response of upland rice by using NBPT (urease inhibitor), PCU (polymer-coated urea) and uncoated urea under different N application rates. It was hypothesized that either NPBT or PCU may result in increased yield components of upland rice when compared to conventional urea. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in a 3 × 4 + 1 factorial scheme, with four replicates. Treatments comprised three sources (conventional uncoated urea, NBPT-treated urea, and polymer-coated urea) and four rates (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) of N, in addition to a control treatment (no fertilizer application). Nitrogen fertilizers were applied in two split doses: 50% at the seedling stage, and 50% at the tillering stage (~80 days after planting). The results revealed that the use of enhanced-efficiency N sources increased the productivity and plant height of upland rice crop when compared to conventional urea. As compared to when it is untreated or polymner-coated, treating urea with NBPT resulted in increased 100-grain weight.

scholarly journals Ammonia volatilization and yield of corn fertilized with different nitrogen sources in the Brazilian semiarid

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wadson de Menezes Santos ◽  
Bruno José Rodrigues Alves ◽  
Segundo Urquiaga ◽  
Edson Patto Pacheco ◽  
Inácio de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Nh3 Volatilization ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Coated Urea

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the use of different nitrogen fertilizers on N losses by NH3 volatilization and on the grain yield of a corn (Zea mays) crop grown in the semiarid region of the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Corn was managed under rainfed conditions and conventional tillage. The fertilization treatments were: sulfur-coated urea (SU) and organo-mineral-coated urea (OMU). Regular urea and ammonium sulfate (AS) were also included as a reference of N sources of high and low NH3-volatilization potential, as well as a control without N fertilization. The N sources were applied to the soil surface at a rate of 150 kg ha-1 N as side-dressing at the V5 growth stage of corn. The experiment was carried out in 2015 and repeated in 2016. Losses of N through NH3 volatilization differed among the N sources in the two study years, with AS presenting the lowest N losses and regular urea, the highest. In the area treated with OMU, losses by NH3 volatilization were consistently controlled, showing a reduction of 74 and 67% in relation to that of regular urea in both years. SU, however, only mitigated NH3-N losses in 2015, increasing them in 2016, compared with regular urea. Corn plant grain yield and N status, assessed by the index leaf, did not clearly reflect N losses by NH3 volatilization. For the semiarid of Sergipe, OMU is the best urea-based fertilizer to mitigate N losses by NH3 volatilization, and the use of AS is an alternative to increase corn yield and eliminate N losses as NH3.

Yield and chlorophyll index in cabbage in function of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers and urea

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
J. J. Frazão ◽  
A. R. Silva ◽  
F. H. M. Salgado ◽  
R. A. Flores ◽  
E. P. F. Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
N Losses ◽  
N Sources ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Applied Dose ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
N Rates ◽  
And Control

The increase of the efficiency of the nitrogen fertilization promotes reduction of the applied dose and decreases the losses of nitrogen (N) to the environment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and the relative chlorophyll index (IRC) in cabbage crop under cover fertilization, using enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers, compared to urea, in variable doses. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 3x4+1 factorial scheme (three sources, four rates and control), with four replications. The N sources used were: common urea (U), urea treated with urease inhibitor NBPT® (UN) and Kimcoat® polymer coated urea (UK). The N rates used were 0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 kg ha-1, divided in two fertilizations at 20 and 40 days after transplantation. Up to 160 kg ha-1 of N, there was no difference between N sources and N rates for both yield and RCI. The enhanced-efficiency N sources (UN and UK) promoted higher averages compared to common urea, possibly due to the higher N losses from common urea. Thus, the use of urease inhibitors or polymers associated with urea is a promising strategy to improve cabbage yield, as well as reducing N losses to the environment.

REACTION OF RICE VARIETIES PERMITED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH YIELD FORMATION WITH A HIGH GRAIN QUALITY ON LEVEL OF NITROGEN NUTRITION IN AGROLANDSCAPE ZONES OF KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Tumanian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

An increase in the doses of nitrogen fertilizers applied during the cultivation of new rice varieties Nautilus and Yakhont in the old-deltoid and valley agrolandscape zones led to significant changes in grain quality traits. The grain size of the varieties grown in the Krasnoarsmeysky district did not change due to the level of nitrogen fertilizers, for those grown in the Abinsky district, decreased by 0.3 g in variety Nautilus and increased in variety Yakhont with increased dose of applied nitrogen. The vitreousity of grain increased in Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky district by 2%, in Abinsky - by 7%; in the variety Yakhont - increased by 2% and practically did not change, respectively. A tendency toward a decrease in grain fracture in the Krasnoarmeysky district and an increase in head rice content in the variety Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky and Abinsky districts was noted.

scholarly journals Soil solution and plant nitrogen on irrigated rice under controlled release nitrogen fertilizers

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Antolini Veçozzi ◽  
Rogério Oliveira de Sousa ◽  
Walkyria Bueno Scivittaro ◽  
Cristiano Weinert ◽  
Victor Raul Cieza Tarrillo
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
N Use

ABSTRACT: A study was conducted to evaluate the solubilization and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of controlled release nitrogen fertilizers in irrigated rice, compared to urea. It was developed under semi-controlled conditions, including five treatments: Control, Splitted Urea (pre-sowing and topdressing), Pre-sowing urea, and Polymer Coated Urea (PCU) with 60-day and 90-day release. PCUs did not maintain high NH4 + and NO3 - levels in solution over a longer period than urea. NUE of PCUs was similar to uncoated urea, not increasing nutrient release in irrigated rice field.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF SENSITIVE CORN HYBRIDS TO THE ASSOCIATION OF NICOSULFURON AND TIMING OF NITROGEN APPLICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Heitor Franco de Sousa ◽  
Paulo César Timossi ◽  
Antônio Paulino da Costa Netto ◽  
Claudio Hideo Martins Costa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
The One

Nicosulfuron is an herbicide used in corn crop for controlling weeds, some hybrids are sensitivity to nicosulfuron even more when it is applied near to the application of nitrogen fertilizers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the response of sensitive corn hybrids to association of urea and coated urea applied near to nicosulfuron application on V4 corn stage. P 3646 hybrid was the most sensitive, and urea and coated urea applied near to nicosulfuron had significant effect on corn growth for all hybrids. Most hybrids showed high or significant (p < 0.10) correlation coefficients for grain yield, cob length and row per ear. SYN 7341 hybrid was the one that showed better results in grain yield with urea and nicosulfuron combination. Coated urea should not be applied after V8corn stage when nicosulfuron is applied at V4.

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