Underseeded clover as a nitrogen source for spring wheat on a Gleysol

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Garand ◽  
R R Simard ◽  
A F MacKenzie ◽  
C. Hamel
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Catch Crop ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Nutritional Effect

Although there is a potential to substantially reduce N fertiliser inputs by cropping spring cereals with an interseeded legume, the agronomic value and the nitrate catch-crop effect associated with this practice are not documented under the conditions of eastern Canada. This 3-yr study estimated N credits and non-N nutritional effects for interseeded clover (Trifolium pratense L. 'Arlington') in spring wheat production (Triticum aestivum L. 'Algot') and assessed fall and spring nitrate (NO3−) in soil. The soil is a St. Urbain clay (Orthic Gleysol) located in the St. Lawrence lowlands. Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) was applied at 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg N ha-1 with or without red clover as a companion crop. Clover was incorporated as a green manure crop in mid-November. Clover significantly (P = 0.05) influenced wheat yield response to N fertilisation for 2 of the 3 yr. Clover did not reduce wheat grain yield through competition between the two plant species. Higher wheat yields with clover were attributed to N supplied by clover through mineralisation of residues incorporated in the soil the previous fall. Nitrogen fertiliser replacement value of clover was approximately 80 kg N ha-1 for 1994 and 1995. Clover occasionally increased NO3−-N measured in the soil profile in late fall and in spring. Interseeded red clover may provide most of the N needs of a companion spring wheat crop in fine-textured gleysolic soils, but is an inefficient N catch-crop. Key words: N credits, non-N nutritional effect, N catch-crop

scholarly journals Spring wheat yield (Triticum aestivum L.) when applying selenium fertilizers in extreme growing conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
I I Seregina ◽  
I G Makarskaya ◽  
A S Tsygutkin ◽  
I V Kirichkova
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract To study the effect of sodium Selenite application different methods on the yield of spring wheat varieties, depending on the conditions of water supply, a series of vegetation experiments in accordance with the methodology were carried out. The object of the study is spring wheat of the Zlata variety (Triticum aestivum L.). It was found that the effect of selenium on the yield of wheat of the Zlata variety depended on the method of its application and the conditions of water supply. With optimal water supply, the positive effect of selenium on the yield of spring wheat plants was revealed with both methods of applying sodium selenite. It was found that in conditions of drought, the positive effect of selenium was obtained with both methods of using sodium selenite. The greatest efficiency of selenium is obtained in foliar processing of plants. The increase in grain weight in this variant was 1.4 times. The increase in the share of the agronomic significant part of the wheat crop yield to 36% is shown, which indicates the decrease in the negative effect of drought on the formation of spring wheat yield when using foliar processing of plants.

scholarly journals Effect of intercropping wheat with forage legumes on wheat production and ground cover

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Omar Tomm ◽  
Robert Kerry Foster
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
First Year ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

The use of winter legumes in southern Brazil is hindered by the slow growth of these species during establishment exposing soil surface to erosion. Introduction of these species along with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied as a means of increasing ground cover during their initial establishment period, without reducing wheat grain yield. Two experiments were conducted in nearby areas, one in each year. Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) cultivar Quiñequelli, white clover (T. repens L.), and arrowleaf clover (T. vesiculosum Savi) did not reduce cereal yield in either year. Wheat yield was reduced by intercropped red clover cultivar Kenland and by subclover (T. subterraneum L.) in the first year. No grain yield differences due to intercropping with any legume were detected in the second year, when rainfall was below normal. Intercropping with wheat showed to be a practical alternative to enhance ground cover at establishing forage legumes.

AC Hartland spring wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-830
Author(s):  
H. G. Nass ◽  
C. E. Caldwell ◽  
D. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
High Level

AC Hartland, a hard red spring feed wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) is adapted to Eastern Canada. It expressed high grain yield, lodging resistance, and a high level of resistance to powdery mildew. Key words: Triticum aestivum, red spring wheat, yield, cultivar description

Nitrogen management of spring milling wheat underseeded with red clover

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Nass ◽  
Y. Papadopolous ◽  
J. A. MacLeod ◽  
C. D. Caldwell ◽  
D. F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Protein Nitrogen

The benefits of underseeding cereals with legumes and grasses have been established. However, research is required to determine the effects of underseeding spring wheat with red clover on yield and milling quality. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the rates of supplemental N required to obtain 13.5% or greater grain protein of three spring milling wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) cultivars underseeded to red clover (Trifolium pratense L.); (2) to determine the effect of supplemental N on establishment of red clover , and (3) to relate the N status of the soil after harvest to grain protein. Field experiments were conducted from 1998 to 2000 on three sites: Hartland, New Brunswick; Truro, Nova Scotia; and Harrington, Prince Edward Island. Grain yield and protein content increased with increasing amounts of supplemental N. In most years, supplemental N above a base application of 55 kg N ha-1 applied at 52.5 kg N ha-1 at Zadoks GS 30 resulted in 13.5% protein in the grain of Grandin and AC Barrie, but 70 kg N ha-1 was r equired for AC Walton. Based on the N content of the straw, Grandin was less effective in partitioning N into the grain than AC Barrie and AC Walton. Increasing rates of supplemental N caused a reduction in red clover establishment. Soil pH decreased with increasing rates of supplemental N. Nitrate N in the soil at 0–5 and 0–20 cm depths increased with supplemental N, but there was no effect on ammonium N. Differences in pH or levels of soil N after harvest did not account for differences in grain protein. In the Maritime provinces, to reach a desirable milling protein level in spring wheat of 13.5%, producers will need to add supplemental N at a rate of at least 100 kg N ha-1 over and above background levels; however, this will be at the risk of reducing red clover establishment and increasing levels of soil N available for leaching. Key words: Spring wheat, Triticum aestivum, red clover, Trifolium pratense, underseeding, protein, nitrogen

scholarly journals Seeding Rate Effects on Hybrid Spring Wheat Yield, Yield Components and Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Peder K. Schmitz ◽  
Joel K. Ransom
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
End Use

Agronomic practices, such as planting date, seeding rate, and genotype, commonly influence hard red spring wheat (HRSW, Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) production. Determining the agronomic optimum seeding rate (AOSR) of newly developed hybrids is needed as they respond to seeding rates differently from inbred cultivars. The objectives of this research were to determine the AOSR of new HRSW hybrids, how seeding rate alters their various yield components, and whether hybrids offer increased end-use quality, compared to conventional cultivars. The performance of two cultivars (inbreds) and five hybrids was evaluated in nine North Dakota environments at five seeding rates in 2019−2020. Responses to seeding rate for yield and protein yield differed among the genotypes. The AOSR ranged from 3.60 to 5.19 million seeds ha−1 and 2.22 to 3.89 million seeds ha−1 for yield and protein yield, respectively. The average AOSR for yield for the hybrids was similar to that of conventional cultivars. However, the maximum protein yield of the hybrids was achieved at 0.50 million seeds ha−1 less than that of the cultivars tested. The yield component that explained the greatest proportion of differences in yield as seeding rates varied was kernels spike−1 (r = 0.17 to 0.43). The end-use quality of the hybrids tested was not superior to that of the conventional cultivars, indicating that yield will likely be the determinant of the economic feasibility of any future released hybrids.

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

scholarly journals The effect of liquid pig manure on the wheat yield, content and balance of nutrients in light-gray forest soil with light particle-size composition

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-466
Author(s):  
V. I. Titova ◽  
L. D. Varlamova ◽  
R. N. Rybin ◽  
T. V. Andronova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Light Particle ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Particle Size Composition ◽  
Positive Balance

The research has been carried out under production conditions on light gray forest soils with light particle-size composition at an area of 550 hectares where liquid pig manure (LPM) of a large pig breeding complex is annually used as an organic fertilizer at doses of 60 and 90 t/ha. The average characteristics of LPM are as follows: dry matter content is 9.5%, pH 7.7 units, nitrogen 0.22%, phosphorus 0.11%, and potassium 0.12%. The cultivated grain crops were presented by winter and spring wheat varieties, Moskovskaya 39 and Esther, respectively. It has been established that at the dose of 60 t/ha LPM for two years of research at an average a mean wheat yield was 3.0-3.75 t/ha, and at the dose of 90 t/ha - up to 4.75 t/ha. The return on investments for fertilizers in the “winter wheat → spring wheat” crop rotation link at the dose of 60 t/ha of LPM was 5.41 kg of grain per 1 kg of active substance of manure, at the dose of 90 t/ha - 4.57 kg / kg. A positive balance of nutritional elements developed on all fields, but it was better balanced when the dose of LPM was 60 t/ha and the yield was 3.0 t/ha of grain annually, or when the LPM dose was 90 t/ha and the yield of wheat was 4.75 t/ha. In this case, the estimated potassi-um supply of soil occurs at a lower rate than that of nitrogen and phosphorus. The application of 120 t of LPM during two years in total on loamy sand and of 180 t/ha on light loamy soil provided an increase in the content of mobile phosphorus compounds by 5-22 mg/kg, and potassium - by 11-30 mg/kg with a variation coefficient of 28-57% and 21-49%, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Advanced Spring Wheat Germplasm Lines In Eastern Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Shuhui Xu ◽  
Junjie Yu ◽  
Yanhong Chen ◽  
Mirko Tabori ◽  
Xuelian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Twenty-three selected advanced spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines from Ottawa Research and Development Centre (ORDC) were compared with four known cultivars for agronomic performance at eight sites in 2016 (Ottawa CEF-C1, Ottawa CEF-C2, St. Isidore, Harrington, Palmerston, Princeville, Kincardine, Beloeil) in Eastern Canada, and for fusarium head blight (FHB). The reaction of these lines to six races of LR was determined in a growth cabinet and the LR susceptible cultivar ‘Morocco’ was included as the control for disease development in these trials. The majority of the selected lines showed no significant differences compared to four check cultivars, however ECSW05 and ECSW48, showed higher yield, moderate resistance to FHB and resistance to most of the tested LR races. Lines ECSW05 and ECSW48 will be advanced to grower’s trials in eastern Canada in 2018 and may be used as sources of resistance to LR for future cultivar development in Eastern Canada.

scholarly journals SUNFLOWER COMPETITION IN WHEAT

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREG R. GILLESPIE ◽  
STEPHEN D. MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Field Season

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is grown in rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the upper midwest of the U.S.A. However, volunteer sunflower is often a problem in wheat planted the year following sunflower. Wheat yields as influenced by wheat seeding date and sunflower density, duration of sunflower competition and rate of sunflower control were determined in the field. Season-long sunflower competition at densities of 3, 9, and 23 plants per square metre reduced yield of the following wheat crop by an average of 11, 19, and 33%, respectively, averaged over seeding date and location. Sunflower was more competitive with wheat seeded in late than in early May, particularly at the lower sunflower densities. Wheat yield was reduced 22% when 24 sunflower plants/m2 were allowed to compete until the wheat flag-leaf stage. Wheat yields obtained were similar when volunteer sunflower was controlled by postemergence MCPA [[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] acetic acid], bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), or bromoxynil plus MCPA despite the slower rate of control with MCPA compared to bromoxynil or bromoxynil plus MCPA. This research indicates that wheat following sunflower should be planted early and sunflower densities of nine plants per square metre or higher should be removed before the flag-leaf stage to prevent yield reductions.Key words: Density, duration, bromoxynil, MCPA, Helianthus annuus, Triticum aestivum

AC Abbey hard red spring wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
T. N. McCaig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Moderate Resistance

AC Abbey, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is adapted to the Canadian prairies. It is significantly shorter than any of the check cultivars and has solid stems. AC Abbey expressed higher grain yield, earlier maturity, and heavier kernels than AC Eatonia, the solidstem check cultivar. It is resistant to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.) and to prevalent races of common bunt and has moderate resistance to leaf rust and stem rust. AC Abbey is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring wheat. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., red spring wheat, yield, wheat stem sawfly, plant height, maturity

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