Anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of brown seaweeds in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Xanthorrhizol, a natural compound isolated fromCurcuma xanthorrhizaRoxb. (Java turmeric), has been reported to possess antioxidant and anticancer properties; however, its effects on metabolic disorders remain unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of xanthorrhizol (XAN) andC. xanthorrhizaextract (CXE) with standardized XAN on hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese mice. Treatment with XAN (10 or 25 mg/kg/day) or CXE (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels in HFD-induced obese mice. XAN and CXE treatments also lowered insulin, glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), and triglyceride (TG) levels in serum. Epididymal fat pad and adipocyte size were decreased by high doses of XAN (26.6% and 20.1%) and CXE (25.8% and 22.5%), respectively. XAN and CXE treatment also suppressed the development of fatty liver by decreasing liver fat accumulation. Moreover, XAN and CXE significantly inhibited production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in adipose tissue (27.8–82.7%), liver (43.9–84.7%), and muscle (65.2–92.5%). Overall, these results suggest that XAN and CXE, with their antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities, might be used as potent antidiabetic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Black Raspberry Seed Oil in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Journal of Food Biochemistry ◽

10.1111/jfbc.12169 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 612-621 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hee Jae Lee ◽

Hana Jung ◽

Hyunnho Cho ◽

Keum Taek Hwang

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Black Raspberry ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

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Anti‐inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms by which omega‐3 fatty acids improve insulin resistance in high fat diet‐induced obese mice

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.551.2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Nishan Sudheera Kalupahana ◽

Kate Claycombe ◽

Taryn Stewart ◽

Rachael Hadidsaz ◽

Suzanne Booker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Obese Mice ◽

Omega 3 ◽

High Fat ◽

Improve Insulin Resistance ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Astaxanthin, a Marine Carotenoid, Maintains the Tolerance and Integrity of Adipose Tissue and Contributes to Its Healthy Functions

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4374

Author(s):

Allah Nawaz ◽

Yasuhiro Nishida ◽

Akiko Takikawa ◽

Shiho Fujisaka ◽

Tomonobu Kado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Acute Inflammation ◽

Vascular Structure ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Recently, obesity-induced insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease have become major social problems. We have previously shown that Astaxanthin (AX), which is a natural antioxidant, significantly ameliorates obesity-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. It is well known that AX is a strong lipophilic antioxidant and has been shown to be beneficial for acute inflammation. However, the actual effects of AX on chronic inflammation in adipose tissue (AT) remain unclear. To observe the effects of AX on AT functions in obese mice, we fed six-week-old male C57BL/6J on high-fat-diet (HFD) supplemented with or without 0.02% of AX for 24 weeks. We determined the effect of AX at 10 and 24 weeks of HFD with or without AX on various parameters including insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, inflammation, and mitochondrial function in adipose tissue. We found that AX significantly reduced oxidative stress and macrophage infiltration into AT, as well as maintaining healthy AT function. Furthermore, AX prevented pathological AT remodeling probably caused by hypoxia in AT. Collectively, AX treatment exerted anti-inflammatory effects via its antioxidant activity in AT, maintained the vascular structure of AT and preserved the stem cells and progenitor’s niche, and enhanced anti-inflammatory hypoxia induction factor-2α-dominant hypoxic response. Through these mechanisms of action, it prevented the pathological remodeling of AT and maintained its integrity.

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