Preliminary Survey of Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens from Commonly Caught Fish Species (Oreochromis niloticus, Cyprinus carpio and Clarias gariepinus) in Lake Hayiq, Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimels Tesfaye ◽  
Misaw Kasye ◽  
Mersha Chane ◽  
Baseazinew Bogale ◽  
Zewudie Abebe agere
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Gram Negative

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Pollution in the Receiving Environment of the University of Dar Es Salaam Waste Stabilization Ponds

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrehem J. Nziku ◽  
Lucy Namkinga
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
The University ◽  
Concentration Levels

The aim of this study was to examine the availability, concentration levels and bioaccumulation of heavy metals namely; Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn) and Molybdenum (Mo) in the waste Stabilization Ponds of the University of Dar es Salaam. A total of 135 samples were analyzed, out of which 27 were samples of water, 27 of sediments and 81 samples of fish tissues. Two types of fishes were used namely; Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus. Heavy metal concentration varied significantly between water, sediment, fish species and tissues. Hg, Cd, Zn and Mo concentrations in water and sediment were within WHO safe limits. However, Pb in water and Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations in sediments were found to be above WHO standards (p<0.05). Concentration levels for Cd, Pb and Zn were above acceptable levels in Oreochromis niloticus while Hg was found to be within safe limits in both fish species (p<0.05). Molybdenum was found to be below the detection limits in Oreochromis niloticus. While Cd was not detected, Pb, Zn and Mo were found highly accumulated in Clarias gariepinus (p<0.05). Oreochromis niloticus accumulated metals in the increasing order from dorsal muscles < gills < liver while Clarias gariepinus accumulated metals in the decreasing order from dorsal muscle < gills < liver.Public awareness on the dangers to which fish consumers from the site are exposed is highly suggested and purposeful mitigation measures of stopping all fishing activities in these sites is needed, also animal feeding around the ponds should be forbidden.

scholarly journals Aberration of Metals Competing for Iron on Exposure to Lambda Cyhalothrin and Aflatoxins in Dietary Fish from Selected Aquatic Sources in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Faith Obegi Onyangore ◽  
Julius Ochuodho ◽  
Odipo Osano ◽  
Cornell Akwiri Omondi
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Iron Availability ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

<p><em>Excess or deficiency of minerals may seriously disturb biochemical processes and upset internal homeostasis, leading to various diseases and disorders in fish species due to deficiency or excess of micro and macro elements caused by improper nutrition, avitaminosis or poisoning. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the iron levels and aberration of metals competing on exposure to lambda-cyhalothrin and aflatoxins in dietary fish from selected aquatic sources in Kenya. The concentration of elements cadmium, zinc, and iron in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus bred in Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute at Sagana and obtained from River Nyando was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Iron availability was lower on treatment with Aflatoxin compared to Lambda-Cyhalothrin with a mean of 3.66 ± 0.84 mg/kg, but on subjection to zinc, competition was 3.82 mg/kg on consideration of zinc competition. The naturally occurring toxins cause micronutrient deprival and therefore relevant stakeholders be keen to prevent contamination from farm to fork.</em></p>

scholarly journals Potensi Reproduksi Ikan Air Tawar Sebagai Baby Fish

Biosfera ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Nuning Setyaningrum ◽  
Eko Setio Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Significant Difference

Informasi dasar mengenai potensi reproduksi ikan dapat diperoleh dari tinjauan fenomena perkembangan gonad, untuk memprediksi proses reproduksi sampai ikan memijah dan menghasilkan benih sebagai baby fish. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui fekunditas, diameter telur, gonado somato index (GSI) dan kelangsungan hidup larva. Metode yang digunakan survey, pengambilan sampel puposive random. Materi penelitian adalah induk Cyprinus carpio, Barbonymus gonionatus, Osteochillus vittatus, Oreochromis niloticus dan Clarias gariepinus, sebanyak 3 pasang/species. Variabel  adalah fekunditas, diameter telur, gonado somato index (GSI) dan kelangsungan hidup larva. Parameter yang diukur berat ikan, berat gonad, jumlah telur sebagian, ukuran telur dan jumlah larva hidup. Metode penelitian survey, pengambilan data adalah puposive  random dan data dianalisis dengan Anova. Hasil penelitian  diperoleh bahwa  fekunditas dan GSI  pada 5 species ikan menunjukkan perbedaan (P<0,05), B. gonionotus  memiliki fekunditas tertinggi rata-rata 182.320 butir dan O. vittatus memiliki nilai GSI tertinggi  35,13%. Diameter telur  berbeda-beda pada semua  spesies,  B. Gonionotus memiliki diameter terkecil yaitu kisaran 0,486 – 0,729 mm, sedangkan diameter terbesar pada ikan C. carpio rata-rata  1,170 mm. Larva  O. Niloticus menghasilkan prosentase kelangsungan hidup terbaik sebesar 97%, O. vittatus 93%, C. carpio 77,2%, C. gariepinus 51,6%, B. gonionotus 31%  dan uji Least Significant Difference  larva O. niloticus dan O. vittatus  memiliki kelangsungan hidup sama baik,  berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai baby fish. O. vittatus memiliki peluang besar dikembangkan menjadi baby fish sampai ukuran 5 g/ekor dengan fekunditas rata-rata 16.250 butir.

scholarly journals Assessment of seasonal and spatial variations of heavy metals in the muscles of Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus at Sharkia province, Egypt: Biochemistry and Histology Evaluation

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Farida A Mansour ◽  
Heba N Gad EL-Hak ◽  
Mahi A Ghobashy ◽  
Maha FM Soliman ◽  
Nahla S El-Shenawy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Fish Muscles

The most significant pollutants are the heavy metals in the aquatic network due to their toxicity, accumulation, and bio-magnification. In an attempt to characterize the physical-chemical and demonstrate the potential water impact of the heavy metal content of wastes in two lakes in Sharkia province, Egypt, this study was developed to determine their toxicity and the potential waste impacts in biochemistry and histology of fish muscle. Samples of water and fish muscles were collected and analyzed for heavy metals using atomic absorption of two different fish species (Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) along two canals in Sharkia province in Egypt during the four seasons in 2018. The water samples were also analyzed for the physicochemical parameters. The impact of heavy metal on the enzymatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and catalase) as well as the reduced glutathione content, besides the oxidative stress marker presented by lipid peroxidation levels in fish muscles, were evaluated. Results showed the largest amount of chloride (Cl-) and iron (Fe) in the Sharkia water sample, while Faquas water sample had the highest level of HCO3 and iron (Fe). The manganese concentration in the fish muscle was the highest in Sharkia water and the highest level of Fe was detected in the fish muscles collected from Faquas area. These high levels of some of the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in the two lakes with two different wastes as seen in this study may be a source of water pollution. The highest accumulation of metals in the muscle of the two fish species, suggesting risk for human consumption. There were seasonal variations in the level of LPO in muscle tissue of two types of fishes with a reverse relationship with antioxidant parameters. This accumulation varied seasonal and spatial as well as according to the species of fish. Increasing the level of heavy metals effect on the biochemistry and histology of fish. Keywords: Heavy metals; Muscle; Oxidative/Antioxidant, Histology, Clarias gariepinus; Oreochromis niloticus

scholarly journals Utilization of biofloc meal as a feed ingredient for Nile tilapia and common carp

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ekasari ◽  
Hilda Kemala Pasha ◽  
Nur Bambang Priyoutomo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Similar Treatment

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>This study was aimed to evaluate the utilisation of biofloc meal collected from biofloc-based catfish intensive culture as a mix ingredient for Nile tilapia <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> and common carp <em>Cyprinus carpio </em>diet. A control diet containing 29.03% crude protein was used in this experiment. Experimental diet was made by mixing 30% biofloc waste meal with the control diet and repelleted after the addition of 2% of binder. To determine the experimental feed digestibility, 0.5% of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>was added as a marker for digestibility. The feed was offered to satiation at a frequency of 3 times a day for 28 days of experimentation. Nile tilapia and common carp juveniles with an initial average body weight of 11.72±0.04 g and 8.81±0.04 g, respectively, were used as the experimental animals. Each fish species were randomly stocked with a density of 10 fish/aquarium (30´45´30 cm<sup>3</sup>). The results showed that dry matter digestibility of diets with 30 % biofloc waste meal in both fish species were significantly lower than those of the controls (P&lt;0.05). However, protein, lipid and phosphorus digestibilities of diets containing biofloc waste meal were significantly higher than those of the controls (P&lt;0.05). Feeding with biofloc waste meal mixed feed to tilapia resulted in lower growth rate compared to that to fed control feed. On the other hand, similar treatment to common carp resulted in comparable growth rate to the control treatment.</p><p>Keywords: biofloc meal, digestibility, growth performance, tilapia, common carp</p><p> </p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Default"><strong>                                                                                      </strong></p><p class="Paragraf">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan tepung bioflok yang dikumpulkan dari limbah pemeliharaan ikan lele intensif berbasis teknologi bioflok sebagai campuran pakan untuk ikan nila <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> dan ikan mas <em>Cyprinus carpio</em>. Pakan kontrol yang digunakan adalah pakan komersial dengan kadar protein 29,03%. Pembuatan pakan uji dilakukan dengan mencampurkan tepung limbah bioflok (30%) dengan pakan kontrol (67,5%) dan dibentuk pelet kembali setelah dilakukan penambahan <em>binder</em> sebanyak 2% dan Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>sebanyak 0,5% sebagai penanda untuk menganalisis kecernaan pakan dengan tepung limbah bioflok. Pakan diberikan secara <em>at satiation </em>dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan 3 kali/hari selama 28 hari pemeliharaan. Bobot rata-rata ikan awal adalah 11,72±0,04 g untuk ikan nila, dan 8,81±0,04 g untuk ikan mas dengan kepadatan awal masing-masing 10 ekor/akuarium (30´45´30 cm<sup>3</sup>). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai kecernaan total pakan dengan tepung limbah bioflok baik pada ikan nila maupun ikan mas lebih rendah daripada pakan kontrol (P&lt;0,05). Namun demikian, kecernaan protein, lemak, dan fosfor pakan dengan campuran tepung limbah bioflok lebih tinggi daripada kontrol (P&lt;0,05). Pemberian tepung limbah bioflok sebanyak 30% sebagai campuran pakan menghasilkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik ikan nila yang lebih rendah (P&lt;0,05), sedangkan perlakuan yang sama pada ikan mas memberikan laju pertumbuhan spesifik yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol (P&gt;0,05).</p><p class="Paragraf"> </p><p class="Paragraf">Kata kunci: tepung limbah bioflok, kecernaan, kinerja pertumbuhan, ikan nila, ikan mas</p>

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