Study on Fuel Economy and Nox Emissions of Medium Duty Hybrid Truck in Real Traffic Conditions

Highly diluted, low temperature homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion leads to ultra-low levels of engine-out NOx emissions. A standard drive cycle, however, would require switches between HCCI and spark-ignited (SI) combustion modes. In this paper a methodology is introduced, investigating the fuel economy of such a multimode combustion concept in combination with a three-way catalytic converter (TWC). The TWC needs to exhibit unoccupied oxygen storage sites in order to show acceptable performance. But the lean exhaust gas during HCCI operation fills the oxygen storage and leads to a drop in NOx conversion efficiency. Eventually the levels of NOx become unacceptable and a mode switch to a fuel rich combustion mode is necessary in order to deplete the oxygen storage. The resulting lean-rich cycling leads to a penalty in fuel economy. In order to evaluate the impact of those penalties on fuel economy, a finite state model for combustion mode switches is combined with a longitudinal vehicle model and a phenomenological TWC model, focused on oxygen storage. The aftertreatment model is calibrated using combustion mode switch experiments from lean HCCI to rich spark-assisted HCCI and back. Fuel and emissions maps acquired in steady state experiments are used. Two depletion strategies are compared in terms of their influence on drive cycle fuel economy and NOx emissions.

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Study to Compare CO2 Emissions from M1 Bharat Stage VI Passenger Vehicles at Chassis Dynamometer and Indian Real Traffic Conditions

10.4271/2021-26-0198 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

KIRAN THAKARE ◽

ABHAY SINGH ◽

OBAID ASHRAF Shah ◽

REVANTH KUMAR bathina ◽

ASHISH KULKARNI

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Chassis Dynamometer ◽

Traffic Conditions ◽

Passenger Vehicles ◽

Real Traffic

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Low-Cost Smart Heads-Up Display Assist System for Automobiles

Journal of VLSI Design and Signal Processing ◽

10.46610/jovdsp.2021.v07i02.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gautham G ◽

Deepika Venkatesh ◽

A. Kalaiselvi

Keyword(s):

Fuel Economy ◽

Low Cost ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

Lane Detection ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

Worst Case ◽

The Road ◽

Traffic Conditions ◽

Metropolitan Cities ◽

Ingenious Method

In recent years, due to the increasing density of traffic every year, it is been a hassle for drivers in metropolitan cities to maintain lane and speeds on road. The drivers usually waste time and effort in idling their cars to maintain in traffic conditions. The drivers get easily frustrated when they tried to maintain the path because of the havoc created. Transportation Institute found that the odds of a crash(or near crash) more than doubled when the driver took his or her eyes off the road formore than two seconds. This tends to cause about 23% of accidents when not following their lane paths. In worst case the fuel economy often drops and tends to cause increase in pollution about 28% to 36% per vehicle annually. This corresponds to the wastage of fuel. Owing to this problem, we proposed an ingenious method by which the lane detection can be made affordable and applicable to existing automobiles. The proposed prototype of lane detection is carried over with a temporary autonomous bot which is interfaced with Raspberry pi processor, loaded with the lane detection algorithm. This prototype bot is made to get live video which is then processed by the algorithm. Also, the preliminary setups are carried over in such a way that it is easily implemented and accessible at low cost with better efficiency, providing a better impact on future automobiles.

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High Compression Lean Burn Engines for Improved Fuel Economy and Lower Nox Emissions

Studies in Environmental Science - Air Pollution by Nitrogen Oxides ◽

10.1016/b978-0-444-42127-2.50075-0 ◽

1982 ◽

pp. 817-827 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. COLLINS ◽

C.R. MEARS

Keyword(s):

Fuel Economy ◽

Nox Emissions ◽

Lean Burn ◽

High Compression

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Experimental Analysis of Calculation of Fuel Consumption Rate by On-Road Mileage in a 2.0 L Gasoline-Fueled Passenger Vehicle

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8122390 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 2390 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaehyuk Lim ◽

Yumin Lee ◽

Kiho Kim ◽

Jinwook Lee

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Fuel Economy ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

The United States ◽

Traffic Conditions ◽

Fuel Consumption Rate ◽

Driving Cycles ◽

The Difference ◽

Consumption Value

The five-driving test mode is vehicle driving cycles made by the Environment Protection Association (EPA) in the United States of America (U.S.A.) to fully reflect actual driving environments. Recently, fuel consumption value calculated from the adjusted fuel consumption formula has been more effective in reducing the difference from that experienced in real-world driving conditions, than the official fuel efficiency equation used in the past that only considered the driving environment included in FTP and HWFET cycles. There are many factors that bring about divergence between official fuel consumption and that experienced by drivers, such as driving pattern behavior, accumulated mileage, driving environment, and traffic conditions. In this study, we focused on the factor of causing change of fuel efficiency value, calculated according to how many environmental conditions that appear on the real-road are considered, in producing the fuel consumption formula, and that of the vehicle’s accumulated mileage in a 2.0 L gasoline-fueled vehicle. So, the goals of this research are divided into four major areas to investigate divergence in fuel efficiency obtained from different equations, and what factors and how much CO2 and CO emissions that are closely correlated to fuel efficiency change, depending on the cumulative mileage of the vehicle. First, the fuel consumption value calculated from the non-adjusted formula, was compared with that calculated from the corrected fuel consumption formula. Also, how much CO2 concentration levels change as measured during each of the three driving cycles was analyzed as the vehicle ages. In addition, since the US06 driving cycle is divided into city mode and highway mode, how much CO2 and CO production levels change as the engine ages during acceleration periods in each mode was investigated. Finally, the empirical formula was constructed using fuel economy values obtained when the test vehicle reached 6500 km, 15,000 km, and 30,000 km cumulative mileage, to predict how much fuel consumption of city and highway would worsen, when mileage of the vehicle is increased further. When cumulative mileage values set in this study were reached, experiments were performed by placing the vehicle on a chassis dynamometer, in compliance with the carbon balance method. A key result of this study is that fuel economy is affected by various fuel consumption formula, as well as by aging of the engine. In particular, with aging aspects, the effect of an aging engine on fuel efficiency is insignificant, depending on the load and driving situation.

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