Low-Cost Smart Heads-Up Display Assist System for Automobiles

In recent years, due to the increasing density of traffic every year, it is been a hassle for drivers in metropolitan cities to maintain lane and speeds on road. The drivers usually waste time and effort in idling their cars to maintain in traffic conditions. The drivers get easily frustrated when they tried to maintain the path because of the havoc created. Transportation Institute found that the odds of a crash(or near crash) more than doubled when the driver took his or her eyes off the road formore than two seconds. This tends to cause about 23% of accidents when not following their lane paths. In worst case the fuel economy often drops and tends to cause increase in pollution about 28% to 36% per vehicle annually. This corresponds to the wastage of fuel. Owing to this problem, we proposed an ingenious method by which the lane detection can be made affordable and applicable to existing automobiles. The proposed prototype of lane detection is carried over with a temporary autonomous bot which is interfaced with Raspberry pi processor, loaded with the lane detection algorithm. This prototype bot is made to get live video which is then processed by the algorithm. Also, the preliminary setups are carried over in such a way that it is easily implemented and accessible at low cost with better efficiency, providing a better impact on future automobiles.

Breakthrough of interspecific chimerism: blocking apoptosis

On January 28 in Nature online, Zheng et al. (Nature, 2021 (Online ahead of print)) reported that they developed an ingenious method of interspecies PSC co-culture system in vitro which unfolded interspecific cell competition. This study paves the way for discovering the mechanism of interspecific chimera and for further interspecific organogenesis between evolutionarily distant species.

The importance of customary law in the oasis space in Algeria (Case of the Touat region)

Touat's interest as a hub of secular communications between the Maghreb and Sudan has long been known. Its location in this strategic commercial space has long been an important element in the socio-economic prosperity of this region. The latter was not only linked to these external factors, but also a fertile land, full of diverse agricultural products and ancestral know-how. Indeed, the Touat brings together a series of oases, based on an original traditional hydraulic system, known as foggara. It is ultimately the source of life for the Sahara, which has dragged on for eleven century, to satisfy peasants, with a right of ownership, registered in a document called Zemam. Our intention here is to go back in the historical evolution of this ancestral heritage of the foggaras in the region of Touat, a system which consists of a traditional exploitation of water and soil, based on an ingenious method of collecting and sharing water. , exemplary social justice and rigor in the various tasks of maintaining and preserving the oasis way of life in the Sahara.

An ingenious method for the determination of the relative and absolute configurations of compounds containing aryl-glycerol fragments by 1H NMR spectroscopy

A concise method was established to determine the relative and absolute configurations of aryl-glycerols that depend on the chemical shift differences (Δδ) of the diastereotopic methylene protons (H-3) by 1H NMR spectroscopy.

A generalized amino-modification strategy to boost CO2 electroreduction current density of single-atom catalysts to industrial application level

Although Faraday efficiency (FE) for CO production of single-atom catalysts immobilized on nitrogen-doped carbon supports (M-N/C) for CO2 electrocatalytic reduction reaction (CO2RR) is generally over 90%, M-N/C catalysts demonstrate a poor reaction current density, much worse than the current density of industrial level. Herein, we first report a generalized strategy of amino-functionalized carbon supports to regulate electronic structure of M-N/C catalysts (M=Ni, Fe, Zn) to significantly increase current density of CO production. The aminated Ni single-atom catalyst achieves a remarkable CO partial current density of 447.6 mA cm-2 (a total current density over 500 mA cm-2) with a nearly 90% CO FE at a moderate overpotential of 0.89 V, and especially CO FE can be maintained over 85% in a wide operating potential range from -0.5 V to -1.0 V. DFT calculations and experimental researches demonstrate that the superior activity is attributed to enhanced adsorption energies of CO2* and COOH* intermediates caused by the change of electronic structure of aminated catalysts. This work provides an ingenious method for significantly increasing current density at industrial-relevant level of single-atom catalysts for CO2RR.

Evaluating growth pattern and assessing future scenario of COVID-19 epidemic of India

COVID-19 the modern pandemic has spread across the world at a rapid pace. SARS-CoV 2 is highly transmissible and the rate of infection is exponential for heavily infected countries. Asymptotic carriers and longer incubation period have been key towards such a large-scale distribution of disease. Data released by official authorities on COVID-19 cases is significantly affected by various factors such as size of sample, incubation period of disease and time taken to test the sample. These factors mask the useful pattern (signal) of disease spread. Thus, an ingenious method to group data into cycles of five and seven days, for studying pattern of disease spread is undertaken. Occurrence of recurrent peaks as indicated by Adjusted Rate of infection per day indicated the spread of disease has been non-uniform. Currently, India is yet to reach the critical point (peak of epidemic) with adjusted daily cases more than 1000. Increasing testing capacity along with random sampling and sample pooling can help in preventing formation of these peaks in future. The proposed method helps in assessing the current state and for predicting future scenarios epidemics.

The Pennsylvania Railroad GG1 Electric Locomotive: A Retrospective

This paper is a historical review of the design and operation of the Pennsylvania Railroad’s class GG1 electric locomotive over its heavily-trafficked New York City-Washington, DC main line during the period 1934–1983. The locomotive was designed in-house by the railroad in corroboration with Baldwin Locomotive, General Electric and Westinghouse Electric following competitive tests of several electric locomotive designs. Its outstanding performance and long operating life has resulted in it being generally considered the most highly regarded electric locomotive in North America. The Pennsylvania Railroad embarked in the late 1920’s on a major AC electrification program for its New York-Washington and Philadelphia-Harrisburg main lines and local branches. It initially planned to use a fleet of class P5 rigid frame 2-C-2 electric locomotives for service. However problems were quickly encountered with damaging lateral track impacts, axle cracks, truck hunting, and inadequate tractive effort. The railroad responded with a series of competitive evaluation tests of several locomotive designs including a recent New York, New Haven & Hartford (NYNH&H) Railroad articulated frame locomotive, using an ingenious method to measure truck lateral forces. As a result, the railroad developed two prototype electric locomotive designs, a rigid frame class R1 2-D-2 and an articulated frame class GG1 2-C+C-2. Follow-up track testing verified that the GG1 had lower track lateral forces, and was selected for production. The 4,620 hp GG1 combined several significant North American design concepts: - Exceptional power from six double-armature traction motors for heavy passenger train operation at 100 mph; - Double-ended body design to eliminate the need to turn locomotives; - Use of separate truck frames with an articulation joint connection, allowing improved rail tracking and lower lateral forces; - Housing the main transformer and locomotive cabs in the center body, providing increased crew accident protection in collisions; - Use of high voltage Alternating Current (11 kV at 25 Hz); and - One of the first applications of Industrial Design (by Donald R. Dohner and Raymond F. Loewy) producing a streamlined locomotive using a welded carbody. The GG1 was quickly recognized as a rare combination of stellar performance, robust construction, and low maintenance costs. It was used to inaugurate electrified New York-Washington operations, performed admirably during World War II, successfully made the later transition to freight train operation, and was finally retired in October 1983. The prototype GG1 locomotive 4800 has been designated an ASME national engineering landmark.

From one Cage to the Next : Confinement(s) and Sweet Intercourse onboard a Floating Harem in the Abbé Carré’s Travels

In the context of France’s increased interest towards Safavid Persia during the second half of the 17th century, Persian women draw the attention of the French travelers, despite their habitual seclusion. The present article aims at analyzing the story of an encounter of several Persian ladies on a ship, told by Barthélemy Carré, Colbert’s envoy to the East Indies; thus the traveler has the opportunity to speak directly to them on his way home thanks to an ingenious method. This floating harem proves to be an ambiguous place, a prison as well as a space of intriguing intercultural and intergender exchanges.