scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Calculation of Fuel Consumption Rate by On-Road Mileage in a 2.0 L Gasoline-Fueled Passenger Vehicle

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyuk Lim ◽  
Yumin Lee ◽  
Kiho Kim ◽  
Jinwook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Consumption Value

The five-driving test mode is vehicle driving cycles made by the Environment Protection Association (EPA) in the United States of America (U.S.A.) to fully reflect actual driving environments. Recently, fuel consumption value calculated from the adjusted fuel consumption formula has been more effective in reducing the difference from that experienced in real-world driving conditions, than the official fuel efficiency equation used in the past that only considered the driving environment included in FTP and HWFET cycles. There are many factors that bring about divergence between official fuel consumption and that experienced by drivers, such as driving pattern behavior, accumulated mileage, driving environment, and traffic conditions. In this study, we focused on the factor of causing change of fuel efficiency value, calculated according to how many environmental conditions that appear on the real-road are considered, in producing the fuel consumption formula, and that of the vehicle’s accumulated mileage in a 2.0 L gasoline-fueled vehicle. So, the goals of this research are divided into four major areas to investigate divergence in fuel efficiency obtained from different equations, and what factors and how much CO2 and CO emissions that are closely correlated to fuel efficiency change, depending on the cumulative mileage of the vehicle. First, the fuel consumption value calculated from the non-adjusted formula, was compared with that calculated from the corrected fuel consumption formula. Also, how much CO2 concentration levels change as measured during each of the three driving cycles was analyzed as the vehicle ages. In addition, since the US06 driving cycle is divided into city mode and highway mode, how much CO2 and CO production levels change as the engine ages during acceleration periods in each mode was investigated. Finally, the empirical formula was constructed using fuel economy values obtained when the test vehicle reached 6500 km, 15,000 km, and 30,000 km cumulative mileage, to predict how much fuel consumption of city and highway would worsen, when mileage of the vehicle is increased further. When cumulative mileage values set in this study were reached, experiments were performed by placing the vehicle on a chassis dynamometer, in compliance with the carbon balance method. A key result of this study is that fuel economy is affected by various fuel consumption formula, as well as by aging of the engine. In particular, with aging aspects, the effect of an aging engine on fuel efficiency is insignificant, depending on the load and driving situation.

scholarly journals A New Dawn for Diesel

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
John DeGaspari
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Heavy Load ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Personal Use ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Heavy Loads

This article reviews that diesel engines are more expensive than gasoline engines and the lower fuel prices in the United States make buying decisions based on fuel economy alone unlikely. Many of the advancements have gone largely unnoticed by US drivers, who still view diesels as workhorses for large trucks. But some proponents of diesel say that a combination of higher torque, better fuel economy, and smooth, quiet engine performance could sway a significant number of drivers here to consider diesels for smaller, personal-use vehicles. Diesels provide better fuel efficiency than gasoline engines do and are well suited to heavy loads and continuous driving. Hauling a heavy load up a steep grade, the difference in fuel economy could be as high as 75 percent compared to conventional gasoline engines. Diesels could make a bigger impact on fuel consumption from a fleet perspective in this country, where people favor larger vehicles, than in Europe. Diesels deliver higher torque at lower speeds than gasoline engines, allowing drivers to get away with a comparatively smaller, lower horsepower diesel without sacrificing acceleration or towing capacity.

Study of the Fuel Consumption of ECMS Applied to a HEV

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 2173-2178
Author(s):  
Ping Sun ◽  
Xiu Min Yu ◽  
Wei Dong ◽  
Ling He
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Analytical Formulation ◽  
Multiple Power

Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is integrated with the engine, the motor and the battery and so on. HEV has a significantly better fuel efficiency compared with conventional vehicles due to its multiple power sources. To evaluate fuel economy, HEV and its subsystem modeling methodologies were provided through the analysis of energy flow. The Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) was built based on the prototype. The ECMS implementation analytical formulation was developed. The equivalency factor, one for charging and the other for discharging, each of them was different during a driving cycle. In a certain drive, only a subset of them generates a trend close to zero, which indicates charge-sustainability.

Forecasting Class I Railroad Fuel Consumption by Train Type

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Denver Tolliver ◽  
Pan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
Efficiency Factors ◽  
System Average

Fuel efficiency is an important consideration in evaluating public-sector investments in multimodal corridors. Two approaches are typically used in corridor studies to forecast railroad diesel fuel consumption: (1) system-average efficiency factors, and (2) detailed analytical estimates derived from train performance calculators. The former method is easy to apply but may not be reflective of the actual mix of trains used. The second method is data- and time-intensive and can only be effectively implemented with specialized software that is not publicly available. An intermediate method is introduced in this paper which allows distinctions among the types of trains that might be utilized in a corridor (e.g., unit, way, and through). A model is estimated from publicly available data that has excellent statistical properties and quantifies the absolute and relative fuel efficiencies of train options. The analysis demonstrates that using system-average fuel consumption factors may significantly understate railroad fuel economy when traffic moves in unit trains instead of mixed train service. The new method offers greater accuracy than system-average comparisons yet is much less data-intensive than train performance calculators or analytical methods.

scholarly journals The Technological Progress of the Fuel Consumption Rate for Passenger Vehicles in China: 2009–2016

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihu Zheng ◽  
Rujie Yu ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Yuhong Zou ◽  
Dongchang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

China has set stringent fuel consumption rate (FCR) targets to address the serious environmental and energy security problems caused by vehicles. Estimating the technological progress and tradeoffs between FCR and vehicle attributes is important for assessing the viability of meeting future targets. In this paper, we explored the relationship between vehicle FCR and other attributes using a regression model with data from 2009–2016. We also quantified the difference in the tradeoff between local and joint venture brands. The result showed that from 2009 to 2016, if power and curb mass were held constant, 2.3% and 2.9% annual technological progress should have been achieved for local and joint venture brands, respectively. The effectiveness of fuel-efficient technologies for joint venture brands is generally better than that of local brands. Impacts of other attributes on FCR were also assessed. The joint venture brands made more technological progress with FCR improvement than that of local brands. Even if 100% of technological progress (assume the technological progress in the future were the same as that of 2009–2016) investment were used to improve actual FCR after 2016, it would be difficult to meet 2020 target. Accelerating the adoption of fuel-efficient technologies, and controlling weight and performance, are both needed to achieve the 2020 and 2025 targets.

INVESTIGATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PETROL ICE UNDER OZONIZATION OF FAM COMPONENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
A. V. Gritsenko ◽  
◽  
K. V. Glemba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Loading Method ◽  
Crankshaft Rotation ◽  
And Control

Theoretical investigation with reasoning of petrol fuel combustion in the ambient and ozone medium was made. Methods of carrying out the experiment using the engine loading method due to application of power of mechanical losses of deactivated cylinders were worked out. Experimental studies envisage determination of influence of ozone additive into fuel air mix on the basic effective ICE performance, for this purpose cyclic fuel consumption parameter was used. After the analysis of ICE performance methods and control techniques, its condition was evaluated, for this purpose a compressor meter was used with preliminary pressurization of cylinders. During the experiment in order to load the engine its third and fourth cylinders were switched off. The results showed that the utmost fuel efficiency is found at crankshaft rotation values of 1450 and 3350 min-1, when cyclic fuel consumption rate has values of 1,35 and 1,27 mg/cycle respectively, which makes 7,4 and 7,0 % from identical indicators without ozonation of air mass at the same rotations. In general, the effect of fuel air mix ozonation makes it possible to develop target petrol-operated engine rotations at smaller fuel consumption rate, this way increasing its energy efficiency.

Research on Variable Cylinders of the Tandem 4-Cylinder Gasoline Engine for Fuel Economy

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouki Yamaji ◽  
◽  
Hirokazu Suzuki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electronic Control Unit ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Predetermined Time

With progress in internal combustion engine fuel economy, variable cylinder systems have attracted attention. We measured fuel consumption in cylinder cutoff by stopping the injector alone, collected data changing the location and number of cutoff cylinders and when varying the cutoff cylinder, and compared the difference in fuel cost reduction. A transistor is inserted serially into the injector control circuit of the electronic control unit (ECU). By controlling the transistor via microcomputer, the injector is turned on or off independently from ECU control in obtain cylinder cutoff. The amount of fuel consumption is measured using enhancement mode of a failure diagnostic device based on the OBD II standard to collect injection time and rotational speed of the injector for a predetermined time and calculated based on this data. We confirmed that by stopping the injector alone, fuel consumption was reduced 6 to 22% and is reduced when the cutoff cylinder is varied.

Development of a representative operation cycle characterized by dual time series for bulldozers

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (13) ◽  
pp. 1818-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baodi Zhang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Lihe Xi ◽  
Chuanyang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Operating Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Operation Cycle ◽  
Two Parameters

Driving cycles have been developed for various types of vehicle by different nations and in different areas, as they have a substantial effect on analysis of the fuel economy and the emissions. As the concern about the fuel consumption and the emissions of engineering machinery increases continuously, it has become necessary to develop corresponding operation cycles for engineering machinery. However, a typical operation cycle for bulldozers and the methods for its development is still lacking. Therefore, a representative operation cycle for bulldozers was developed in this study. By taking advantage of readily available data from the Controller Area Network (CAN), large amounts of cycle experimental data were acquired in a typical bulldozing process. Two parameters, namely the bulldozing resistance and the speed, were employed to represent the operation cycle. The values of these parameters were calculated on the basis of the dynamic model and the kinematic model combined with system identification methods. Experimental cycles were divided into operation segments according to the respective operating processes, and characteristic parameters for the operation segments were chosen and calculated accordingly. The optimal representative operation cycle was finally selected on the basis of the smallest Mahalanobis distance. The fuel consumption and the probability distributions of the representative operation cycle were also compared with the average fuel consumption and probability distributions of all the operation cycles and analysed. The average correlation coefficient of the probability distributions was 0.936, whereas the difference in the fuel consumptions was only 1.786%. This indicates that the developed cycle is indeed appropriate for representing the operating process of the bulldozer.

scholarly journals Exhaust emission and fuel consumption characteristics of light duty under different driving cycles

2021 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Peilin Geng ◽  
Le Liu ◽  
Yuwei Wang ◽  
Xionghui Zou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Large Displacement ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Small Displacement ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Test Cycle ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
The Difference

This paper focuses on light duty of china 6 with the same emission control technology. three vehicles, with different engine displacements, were selected to study the emission and fuel consumption characteristics under three test cycles of NEDC, WLTC and CLTC. The results show that the emissions of CO, THC and NOx under WLTC cycle are minimum, compared with the NEDC and CLTC circulation. with the decrease of the engine displacement, the difference of CO and THC emissions increases among different cycles, which shows small displacement engine vehicles are greatly affected by driving cycles. Compared with other testing conditions, the PN emissions are relatively larger, but the difference of PN emissions is very small among the three test cycles.The fuel consumption of the WLTC test cycle is the smallest among the three cycles. As the engine displacement decreases, the fuel consumption difference decreases, indicating that the fuel consumption of large displacement engine vehicles is greatly affected by the cycle condition.

Improving Fuel Economy Estimates on a Chassis Dynamometer Using Air Conditioner Correction Factors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Alejandro M. Reyes ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Chassis Dynamometer ◽  
Additional Fuel Consumption ◽  
Additional Fuel

Abstract Carmakers, regulatory agencies, and consumers share an interest in accurately determining a vehicle’s fuel efficiency under operating conditions that match the expected use. Previous studies have shown that a vehicle’s air conditioning (A/C) system is the most energy-intensive non-propulsive system and significantly reduces fuel economy. This study aims to design and validate a new method of improving fuel economy estimates obtained on non-climate-controlled chassis dynamometers, as such laboratories are limited to measuring fuel economy with the A/C system deactivated. The methodology proposed herein uses a chassis dynamometer to measure the fuel economy penalty caused by the A/C system at different steady-state conditions. The hypothesis is that these penalties can be imposed accordingly for a given drive cycle to obtain an additional fuel consumption due to A/C. To validate the proposed methodology, a vehicle was outfitted with a data acquisition system and was driven 50 times around a predefined route using varying A/C settings. The proposed method was then used to estimate the additional fuel consumption due to A/C usage for each of the runs. Comparing the calculated and actual fuel economies showed an average error of 1.924%. It was concluded that the proposed methodology is a viable alternative to existing procedures.

When East Meets West: New Technology From Romania Reduces Fuel Consumption and Emissions With Virtually No Capital Costs

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Utility Boiler ◽  
Capital Costs

Wouldn’t it be nice to have plug and play technology for your boilers just like on your home computer? Wouldn’t it be great if this technology could give you instant and measurable reductions of 5 percent or more in fuel consumption? Well, in the modern era, this technology has arrived. A small Romanian company has developed a technology that treats combustion air that significantly increases fuel efficiency and lowers emissions on furnaces and boilers by interacting with the fuel at the combustion stage. This technology has the potential to reduce emissions of CO2 by 2–20%, NOx by 5–30%, SOx by 20–60% and emissions that negatively affect human health like acid mists (SO3), dioxins, benzenes, and VOC by as much as 90%. With over a million hours of testing on over 100 boilers and furnaces this economical technology holds great promise. The best part of the technology is that there is limited capital investment or operational costs, and use of the specialty aerosol injection will reduce wear and corrosion in your combustion box regardless of the fuel burned. It reduces costs across the board. Avogadro Environmental Corporation in Easton, PA is working with our partners, Opris Engineering and Kubik in Romania to make this technology available in the United States. The technology has a long proven record of performance and has been fully tested in the U.S. for efficiency improvements and emissions reductions. The technology has received the support of USEPA and state agencies. We are looking for plant operators interested in reducing their emissions and at the same time saving 5–25% in operating and maintenance costs. We just completed two full scale tests of the technology here in the US. The first site was a 90-day test at a 450 MMBtu/hr waste coal-fired electric utility boiler in Pennsylvania. The second site was a 60-day test at a 1,500 MMBtu/hr coal-fired electric utility boiler in the Southeast US.

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