Long-term Dental Anomalies After Pediatric Cancer Treatment in Children

AbstractThe impact of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) on long-term quality of life is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of BCRL on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) up to 10 years after breast cancer treatment. This regional population-based study enrolled patients treated for breast cancer with axillary lymph node dissection between January 1st 2007 and December 31th 2017. Follow up and assessments of the included patients were conducted between January 2019 and May 2020. The study outcome was HRQoL, evaluated with the Lymphedema Functioning, Disability and Health Questionnaire, the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire and the Short Form (36) Health Survey Questionnaire. Multivariate linear logistic regression models adjusted for confounders provided mean score differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals in each HRQoL scale and item. This study enrolled 244 patients with BCRL and 823 patients without BCRL. Patients with BCRL had significantly poorer HRQoL than patients without BCRL in 16 out of 18 HRQoL subscales, for example, in physical function (MDs 27, 95%CI: 24; 30), mental health (MDs 24, 95%CI: 21; 27) and social role functioning (MDs 20, 95%CI: 17; 23). Age, BMI, BCRL severity, hand and dominant arm affection had only minor impact on HRQoL (MDs < 5), suggesting a high degree of inter-individual variation in coping with lymphedema. This study showed that BCRL is associated with long-term impairments in HRQoL, especially affecting the physical and psychosocial domains. Surprisingly, BCRL diagnosis rather than clinical severity drove the largest impairments in HRQoL.

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Cutaneous reactions to pediatric cancer treatment part II: Targeted therapy

Pediatric Dermatology ◽

10.1111/pde.14495 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Valerie M. Carlberg ◽

Olivia M. T. Davies ◽

Heather A. Brandling‐Bennett ◽

Sarah E. S. Leary ◽

Jennifer T. Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Cutaneous Reactions

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Exercise cardiac MRI unmasks cardiac dysfunction in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors with reduced cardiopulmonary fitness

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

S Foulkes ◽

B Costello ◽

E.J Howden ◽

K Janssens ◽

H Dillon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Cardiac Dysfunction ◽

Cardiopulmonary Fitness ◽

Cardiac Reserve ◽

Pediatric Cancer Survivors ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Young cancer survivors are at increased risk of impaired cardiopulmonary fitness (VO2peak) and heart failure. Assessment of exercise cardiac reserve may reveal sub-clinical abnormalities that better explain impairments in fitness and long term heart failure risk. Purpose To investigate the presence of impaired VO2peak in pediatric cancer survivors with increased risk of heart failure, and to assess its relationship with resting cardiac function and cardiac reserve Methods Twenty pediatric cancer survivors (aged 8–24 years) treated with anthracycline chemotherapy underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing to quantify VO2peak, with a value <85% of predicted defined as impaired VO2peak. Resting cardiac function was assessed using 3-dimensional echocardiography, with cardiac reserve quantified from resting and peak exercise heart rate (HR), stroke volume index (SVi) and cardiac index (CI) using exercise cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Results 12 of 20 survivors (60%) had impaired VO2peak (97±14% vs. 70±16% of age and gender predicted). There were no differences in echocardiographic or CMR measurements of resting cardiac function between survivors with normal or impaired VO2peak. However, those with reduced VO2peak had diminished cardiac reserve, with a lesser increase in CI (Fig. 1A) and SVi (Fig. 1B) during exercise (Interaction P=0.001 for both), whilst the HR response was similar (Fig. 1C; P=0.71). Conclusions Resting measures of cardiac function are insensitive to significant cardiac dysfunction amongst pediatric cancer survivors with reduced VO2peak. Measures of cardiopulmonary fitness and cardiac reserve may aid in early identification of survivors with heightened risk of long-term heart failure. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): National Heart Foundation

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Cancer Treatment–Induced Bone Loss (CTIBL): State of the Art and Proper Management in Breast Cancer Patients on Endocrine Therapy

Current Treatment Options in Oncology ◽

10.1007/s11864-021-00835-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Diana ◽

Francesca Carlino ◽

Emilio Francesco Giunta ◽

Elisena Franzese ◽

Luigi Pio Guerrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Endocrine Therapy ◽

Aromatase Inhibitors ◽

Bone Health ◽

Optimal Time ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Antiresorptive Agents

Opinion statementAbout 70–80% of early breast cancer (BC) patients receive adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) for at least 5 years. ET includes in the majority of cases the use of aromatase inhibitors, as upfront or switch strategy, that lead to impaired bone health. Given the high incidence and also the high prevalence of BC, cancer treatment–induced bone loss (CTIBL) represents the most common long-term adverse event experimented by patients with hormone receptor positive tumours. CTIBL is responsible for osteoporosis occurrence and, as a consequence, fragility fractures that may negatively affect quality of life and survival expectancy. As recommended by main international guidelines, BC women on aromatase inhibitors should be carefully assessed for their fracture risk at baseline and periodically reassessed during adjuvant ET in order to early detect significant worsening in terms of bone health. Antiresorptive agents, together with adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, should be administered in BC patients during all course of ET, especially in those at high risk of osteoporotic fractures, as calculated by tools available for clinicians. Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronate or pamidronate, and anti-RANKL antibody, denosumab, are the two classes of antiresorptive drugs used in clinical practice with similar efficacy in preventing bone loss induced by aromatase inhibitor therapy. The choice between them, in the absence of direct comparison, should be based on patients’ preference and compliance; the different safety profile is mainly related to the route of administration, although both types of drugs are manageable with due care, since most of the adverse events are predictable and preventable. Despite advances in management of CTIBL, several issues such as the optimal time of starting antiresorptive agents and the duration of treatment remain unanswered. Future clinical trials as well as increased awareness of bone health are needed to improve prevention, assessment and treatment of CTIBL in these long-term survivor patients.

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Innovatory role of nanomaterials as bio-tools for treatment of cancer

Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry ◽

10.1515/revic-2020-0015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Khuram Shahzad Ahmad ◽

Muntaha Talat ◽

Shaan Bibi Jaffri ◽

Neelofer Shaheen

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Therapeutics ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Global Scale ◽

Current Review ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

Different Types ◽

Cancerous Cells

AbstractConventional treatment modes like chemotherapy, thermal and radiations aimed at cancerous cells eradication are marked by destruction pointing the employment of nanomaterials as sustainable and auspicious materials for saving human lives. Cancer has been deemed as the second leading cause of death on a global scale. Nanomaterials employment in cancer treatment is based on the utilization of their inherent physicochemical characteristics in addition to their modification for using as nano-carriers and nano-vehicles eluted with anti-cancer drugs. Current work has reviewed the significant role of different types of nanomaterials in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics in a systematic way. Compilation of review has been done by analyzing voluminous investigations employing ERIC, MEDLINE, NHS Evidence and Web of Science databases. Search engines used were Google scholar, Jstore and PubMed. Current review is suggestive of the remarkable performance of nanomaterials making them candidates for cancer treatment for substitution of destructive treatment modes through investigation of their physicochemical characteristics, utilization outputs and long term impacts in patients.

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Physically crosslinked injectable hydrogels for long-term delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses for cancer treatment

Biomaterials Science ◽

10.1039/c9bm00992b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 4195-4207 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Thai Minh Duy Le ◽

Bo-Kyeong Jung ◽

Yi Li ◽

Huu Thuy Trang Duong ◽

Thanh Loc Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Treatment ◽

Injectable Hydrogels ◽

Injectable Hydrogel ◽

Temperature Responsive ◽

Oncolytic Adenoviruses ◽

Term Delivery ◽

Physically Crosslinked ◽

Hydrogel System

A dual pH- and temperature-responsive physically crosslinked and injectable hydrogel system was developed for efficient and long-term delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads).

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