scholarly journals Lipase Activity of Endophytic Actinobacteria from Medicinal Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yulin Lestari ◽  
Budi Wirawan ◽  
Sri Budiarti ◽  
Min Rahminiwati
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

Endophytic bacteria are known to reside within host plant tissue without giving a harmfull effect. The endophytes may play an important role, as they may produce similar bioactive compounds as produced by the host plant. Various medicinal plants have long been used to cure diseases. Traditionally, leaves extract of Guazuma ulmifolia, Psidium guajava, or the rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza can be used to treat disease, e.g. hyperlipidemic. The mechanism can be through lipase activity, where the lipase catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol to fatty acids and acylglycerol. The objective of this research was to assess potency of endophytic bacteria as anti-hyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity. Sixty nine endophytic bacteria which comprised of 22, 27 and 20 isolates were isolated from the leaves of G. ulmifolia, P. guajava, and the rhizome of C. xanthorrhiza, respectively. Eight out of the 69 isolates showed lipase activity, and the two selected isolates, i.e. DPG 3(2) and AJB 4(4) were considered as good lipase producers. The highest specific lipase activity of DPG 3(2) isolate was observed for 0.874 units per mg at 38 h, whereas AJB 4(4) isolates had the specific lipase activity at 1.139 units per mg after 72 h observation. These data indicate that the two selected isolates have the potency as antihyperlipidemic compounds producer through their lipase activity.

Heparin-released lipolytic and esterolytic activities of human and rabbit plasmas

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Shore ◽  
V. Shore
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The enzymes released into both human and rabbit plasmas by heparin injection hydrolyzed, in addition to triglyceride moieties of lipoproteins, a number of mono- and diglycerides of C16 and C18 fatty acids after in vitro addition of the unemulsified glycerides to the plasma. In human postheparin plasma, these enzymes also hydrolyzed glycerides of butyric and caproic acids. The pure triglycerides and methyl or ethyl esters of C16 and C18 fatty acids were not substrates. The heparin-released activities for the hydrolysis of glycerides added in vitro persisted after all activity for the lipolysis of lipoproteins had been destroyed by heat. These activities also differed from lipoprotein lipase activity with respect to the effects of 1 m NaCl, dialysis, and aging the plasma at 4 C. It appears that heparin releases into the blood more than one enzyme or more than one form of an enzyme which may be involved in a stepwise degradation to fatty acids and glycerol of the triglyceride moieties of lipoproteins of density less than 1.007 g/ml.

scholarly journals Endophytic Fungi from Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants and Their Inhibitory Effect on Plant Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Nampiah Sukarno ◽  
Rohani Cinta Badia Ginting ◽  
Utut Widyastuti ◽  
Latifah Kosim Darusman ◽  
Sihegiko Kanaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza

The medicinal plants Centella asiatica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Guazuma ulmifolia, and Hydrocotyle verticillata are widely used  in Indonesian traditional medicine, but little is known about their associated endophytic fungi. This research aimed to study the diversity of endophytic fungi derived from functional parts of these plants and to evaluate their potential as antifungal agents against the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. A total of 17 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained: nine from leaves of G. ulmifolia, three each from leaves of C. asiatica and H. verticillata, and two from rhizomes of C. xanthorrhiza. The genus Colletotrichum was found in all plants studied, but each plant was associated with different species. Colletotrichum aeschynomenes was associated with C. xanthorrhiza, C. siamense was associated with C. asiatica, and C. tropicale was associated with G. ulmifolia and H. verticillata. The species Curvularia affinis, Diaporthe tectonae, Lasiodiplodia mahajangana, Parengyodontium album, Talaromyces trachyspermus, and Speiropsis pedatospora were found only in G. ulmifolia; while Didymella coffeae-arabicae and Muyocopron laterale were found only in H. verticillata. The endophytic fungi showed inhibition activity against F. oxysporum with inhibition values of 6.0-78.9%, T. trachyspermus JBd10 and C. affinis JBd14 gave the highest inhibition activity.

scholarly journals Actinotherapy: Highlights on the Pharmaceutical Potentials of Actinomycetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elkhateeb WA
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

Endophytes are microorganisms that are associated with the plant tissues without having any harmful effect on the host plant. Various medicinal plants are valuable sources of endophytic actinobacteria that exhibit high economic impact. The endophytic microbes can synthesis a wide range of novel compounds that found great applications in agricultural, pharmaceutical, as well as other industries. It is noteworthy to focus the current research on valuable applications of these microbial populations that could help in solving many problems related to the environment, agriculture, and health. Moreover, the characterization of different endophytic actinobacteria that are associated with valuable medicinal plants may help understanding plant- endophyte interactions. The current review discusses the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria rich in therapeutic agents that have been known for their medicinal applications.

Lipase activity of pigeon heart muscle particulate fractions and its metabolic significance

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. George ◽  
P. Thomas Iype
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Metabolic Significance

The lipase activity in the different particulate fractions of the pigeon heart muscle was determined manometrically. The microsomal fraction was found to have more of the enzyme activity than the mitochondrial one. The mitochondrial fraction was found to be incapable of oxidizing tributyrin and triolein in vitro. The possible role of the microsomes in the esterification of fatty acids and hydrolysis of fat is discussed.

scholarly journals Isolation and screening of endophytic bacteria from Ngoc Linh ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv) for biosynthesis β-glucosidase

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Tam ◽  
Nguyen Phu Tam ◽  
Vu Thi Hanh Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Khac Hung ◽  
Chu Nhat Huy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Ginsenoside Rb1 ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Ginsenoside Rd ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Biotransformation of secondary metabolites from medicinal plants by bacteria has been studied extensively in the recent years. One of the potential sources for screening bacteria is plant endophytic bacteria. In this study, we isolated and screened endophytic bacteria for transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 of Ngoc Linh ginseng collected at village number 2, Tra Linh commune, Nam Tra My district, Quang Nam province. There are 45 strains isolated form rhizobium (24 strains), petioles (8 strains) and leaves (13 strains). After screening, there are 27 strains positive with β-glucosidase test, an enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in β-glucosides-aglycone linkage of ginsenoside Rb. By evaluating the β-glucosidase activity and identification via 16S rRNA sequence, we choosed four high β-glucosidase acitivity strains SVK32 (Enterobacter sp.); SVK34 (Serratia sp.); SVK37 (Ochrobactrum sp.) and SVK44 (Arthrobacter sp.) for futher study on biotransformating of ginsenoside Rb1 into ginsenoside Rd and Rg3.

ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF ENDOPHYTIC ACTINOBACTERIA FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 209 (09) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
G.O.O. Hassan ◽  
◽  
I.R. Yagudina ◽  
N.S. Karamova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Endophytic Actinobacteria

Current Status and Future Perspective for Research on Medicinal Plants with Anticancerous Activity and Minimum Cytotoxic Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1227-1243
Author(s):  
Hina Qamar ◽  
Sumbul Rehman ◽  
D.K. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Wide Range

Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy enhance the survival rate of cancerous patients but they have several acute toxic effects. Therefore, there is a need to search for new anticancer agents having better efficacy and lesser side effects. In this regard, herbal treatment is found to be a safe method for treating and preventing cancer. Here, an attempt has been made to screen some less explored medicinal plants like Ammania baccifera, Asclepias curassavica, Azadarichta indica, Butea monosperma, Croton tiglium, Hedera nepalensis, Jatropha curcas, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Psidium guajava, etc. having potent anticancer activity with minimum cytotoxic value (IC50 >3μM) and lesser or negligible toxicity. They are rich in active phytochemicals with a wide range of drug targets. In this study, these medicinal plants were evaluated for dose-dependent cytotoxicological studies via in vitro MTT assay and in vivo tumor models along with some more plants which are reported to have IC50 value in the range of 0.019-0.528 mg/ml. The findings indicate that these plants inhibit tumor growth by their antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic and anti-angiogenic molecular targets. They are widely used because of their easy availability, affordable price and having no or sometimes minimal side effects. This review provides a baseline for the discovery of anticancer drugs from medicinal plants having minimum cytotoxic value with minimal side effects and establishment of their analogues for the welfare of mankind.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Methods for the Manipulation and Valorization of Soapstock from Vegetable Oil Refining Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Beatrice Casali ◽  
Elisabetta Brenna ◽  
Fabio Parmeggiani ◽  
Davide Tessaro ◽  
Francesca Tentori
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Acid Oil ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Vegetable Oil Refining ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The review will discuss the methods that have been optimized so far for the enzymatic hydrolysis of soapstock into enriched mixtures of free fatty acids, in order to offer a sustainable alternative to the procedure which is currently employed at the industrial level for converting soapstock into the by-product known as acid oil (or olein, i.e., free fatty acids removed from raw vegetable oil, dissolved in residual triglycerides). The further biocatalyzed manipulation of soapstock or of the corresponding acid oil for the production of biodiesel and fine chemicals (surfactants, plasticizers, and additives) will be described, with specific attention given to processes performed in continuous flow mode. The valorization of soapstock as carbon source in industrial lipase production will be also considered.

THE HYDROLYSIS OF MONOPHOSPHOINOSITIDE BY EXTRACTS OF BRAIN

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Brain Extract ◽  
Monovalent Cations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Diffusible Factor ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Long Chain

The hydrolysis of monophosphoinositide by soluble extracts from rat brain is described. Diglyceride and inositol monophosphate are liberated along with a small amount of free fatty acids. Hydrolysis of the lipid is optimal at pH 5.4 in acetate buffer. The reaction is stimulated by calcium ions or by high concentration of monovalent cations and, to a less extent, by long-chain cationic amphipathic compounds. Enzyme activity is lost on dialysis of the brain extract and can be restored by diffusible factor(s). Some differences in the conditions for hydrolysis of mono- and tri-phosphoinositides are noted.

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