scholarly journals Gambling and Gaming in an Ontario Sample of Youth and Parents

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Stark ◽  
Jennifer Reynolds ◽  
Jamie Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Jeune Adulte ◽  
Social Casino Games ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Despite the convergence of the gambling and gaming worlds, the majority of studies of gambling behaviour are void of gaming behaviour and vice versa. Further, many studies examine specific age ranges rather than covering the entire span of adolescence and young adulthood. The current study improves our knowledge of gambling and gaming behaviours, as well as their convergence, by examining young people aged 8 to 24 and parents of children 8 to 17 years in Ontario. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed on a survey of 2,651 Ontarians (678 adolescents, 973 young adults, and 1,000 parents who reported on themselves and their child). Young people and parents are engaging in games that combine gambling and gaming at substantial rates and frequencies, and playing these games is associated with a higher level of risk. In this sample, playing video games for money and social casino games were associated with a higher level of gambling problems among adolescents (p < .001, p =.001), young adults (p < .001, p < .001), and parents (p < .001, p < .001). Further, parent reports of their own and their child’s gambling (p < .001), social casino play (p < .001), and gambling concerns were linked (p < .001). In summary, we found that playing games that combine gambling and gaming was associated with increased risk across youth age groups. Parents who reported gambling, social casino play, and gambling concerns also tended to report these behaviours among and concerns for their children.Résumé Malgré la convergence entre les univers des jeux de hasard et des jeux vidéo, la majorité des études sur le comportement des joueurs excluent l’une ou l’autre activité. De plus, elles se limitent à une tranche d’âge précise plutôt que de couvrir la période entière de l’adolescence et de la jeune vie adulte. Notre enquête ajoute aux connaissances sur les habitudes en matière de jeux de hasard et de jeux vidéo et la convergence entre ces activités. Elle a été menée en Ontario auprès de jeunes âgés de huit à 24 ans et de parents d’enfants âgés de huit à 17 ans. 2651 Ontariens (678 adolescents, 973 jeunes adultes et 1000 parents répondant en leur propre nom et en celui de leur enfant) ont répondu à un questionnaire dont les résultats ont fait l’objet d’une analyse descriptive et bivariée. Un grand nombre de jeunes et de parents combinent fréquemment jeux de hasard et jeux vidéo, une activité liée à un niveau de risque élevé. Dans notre échantillon, la pratique des jeux vidéo pour de l’argent et des jeux de casino est associée à un risque élevé de problèmes de jeu chez l’adolescent (p < .001, p =.001), le jeune adulte (p < .001, p < .001) et les parents (p < .001, p < .001). De plus, un lien a été établi entre les habitudes de jeu déclarées par les parents à propos d’eux-mêmes et de leurs enfants (p < .001), les jeux de casino (p < .001) et les problèmes de jeu (p < .001). La pratique combinée des jeux de hasard et des jeux vidéo est associée à une augmentation du risque dans tous les groupes d’âge. Ainsi, les comportements et les problèmes de jeu observés chez les parents tendent à se refléter chez leurs enfants.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Educational Pathways and Self-Rated Health in Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Results of the German KiGGS Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Waldhauer ◽  
Benjamin Kuntz ◽  
Elvira Mauz ◽  
Thomas Lampert
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Educational Pathways ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Health differences in social mobility are often analysed by income differences or different occupational positions. However, in early adulthood many young people still have very diffuse income situations and are not always fully integrated into the labour market despite many having finished school. This article focusses on the link between intergenerational educational pathways and self-rated health (SRH) among young adults considering their SRH in adolescence. The data source used is the German KiGGS cohort study. The analysis sample comprises 2175 young people at baseline (t0: 2003–2006 age 14–17) and first follow-up (t1: 2009–2012 age 19–24). Combining parent’s and young people’s highest school degree, the data can trace patterns of intergenerational educational pathways (constant high level of education, upward mobility, downward mobility, constant low level of education). Young people’s SRH was recorded at t0 and t1. During adolescence and young adulthood, participants were less likely to report poor SRH if they had a constant high intergenerational education or if they were upwardly mobile. The differences were particularly striking among young adults: average marginal effects (AME) for poor SRH showed much higher risk among downwardly mobile compared to peers with an intergenerational constant high education (AME: 0.175 [0.099; 0.251]), while the upwardly mobile had a significantly lower risk for less than good SRH than peers with an intergenerational constant low level of education (AME: −0.058 [−0.113; −0.004]). In the context of great societal demands and personal developmental needs, educational differences in health tend to increase in young adulthood. Public Health should pay more attention to educational and health inequalities in young adulthood.

Adolescents and young adults with cancer: The challenge

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Adolescence and young adulthood is a time of enormous change. For many young people, the profound shift from dependence to autonomy that is the hallmark of this period is physically, emotionally, and spiritually demanding. On the other hand, this phase of life is generally marked by an exuberant optimism that is the envy of jaded adulthood. This optimism, when coupled with intelligence, lack of respect for established forms, and iconoclastic energy, may be the source of a lifetime's achievement.

scholarly journals Triglyceride-Glucose Index and HOMA-IR in Young Adulthood and Risk of Incident Congestive Heart Failure: The CARDIA Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianghui Zeng ◽  
Haobin Zhou ◽  
Yuting Xue ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Qiong Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Triglyceride Glucose Index ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) are related to insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study was to assess the association between triglyceride-glucose index / HOMA-IR within young adults and congestive heart failure (CHF), and to explore whether triglyceride-glucose index can replace HOMA-IR as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance in predicting the risk of CHF.Methods：A total of 4992 participants between the ages of 18 and 30 were enrolled from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) investigation (from 1985 to 1986 [year 0]). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted for assessing correlations between baseline TyG index / HOMA-IR and congestive heart failure events, together with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve employed for scrutinizing TyG index / HOMA-IR and he risk of CHF.Results: During the 31-year follow-up period, 64 (1.3%) out of the 4992 participants developed congestive heart failure. In multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for confounding factors for CHF, increased risk of CHF was associated with per-unit increase in TyG index (hazard ratio [HR] 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-4.7) and HOMA-IR (HR 1.2; 95%CI, 1.1-1.3). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that participants in the TyG index and HOMA-IR index Q4 group had a higher risk of congestive heart failure than those in the Q1 group. The area under curve (AUC) for TyG index and HOMA-IR consisted of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.6-0.742) and 0.675 (95%CI, 0.604-0.746), respectively. There were no significant differences between TyG index and HOMA-IR for AUC (P = 0.986).Conclusions: TyG index and HOMA-IR are independent risk factors for CHF. The TyG index can replace HOMA-IR in young adulthood as a surrogate marker for IR to predict the risk of CHF.

Changes in the Dynamic Stability of Walking in Active Healthy Older Adults Independent of Changes in Walking Speed

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Gu Kang ◽  
Jonathan B. Dingwell
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Walking Speeds

Older adults commonly walk slower, which many believe helps improve their walking stability. However, they remain at increased risk of falls. We investigated how differences in age and walking speed independently affect dynamic stability during walking, and how age-related changes in leg strength and ROM affected this relationship. Eighteen active healthy older and 17 younger adults walked on a treadmill for 5 minutes each at each of 5 speeds (80–120% of preferred). Local divergence exponents and maximum Floquet multipliers (FM) were calculated to quantify each subject’s responses to small inherent perturbations during walking. These older adults exhibited the same preferred walking speeds as the younger subjects (p = 0.860). However, these older adults still exhibited greater local divergence exponents (p&lt;0.0001) and higher maximum FM (p&lt;0.007) than young adults at all walking speeds. These older adults remained more unstable (p&lt;0.04) even after adjusting for declines in both strength and ROM. In both age groups, local divergence exponents decreased at slower speeds and increased at faster speeds (p&lt;0.0001). Maximum FM showed similar changes with speed (p&lt;0.02). The older adults in this study were healthy enough to walk at normal speeds. However, these adults were still more unstable than the young adults, independent of walking speed. This greater instability was not explained by loss of leg strength and ROM. Slower speeds led to decreased instability in both groups.

Maternal Partner Criminality and Cannabis use in Young Adulthood: Prospective Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R. Hayatbakhsh ◽  
Stuart A. Kinner ◽  
Konrad Jamrozik ◽  
Jake M. Najman ◽  
Abdullah A. Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Mater Hospital ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Objectives: The present study examined whether the experience of the arrest or incarceration of a mother's partner before a child reached 14 years of age was associated with use of cannabis in early adulthood and, if so, whether this association was confounded or mediated by other factors. Method: Data were from the Mater Hospital University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy, a prospective birth cohort study in Brisbane, Australia. The history of partner arrest and incarceration was reported by mothers at the 14 year follow up. Mothers were divided into four groups: mothers whose partner had no history of arrest or incarceration, mothers reporting partner arrest, mothers reporting partner incarceration, and unpartnered mothers. Young adults’ cannabis use was assessed at 21 years. Other covariates were prospectively measured between birth and 14 years. Results: After controlling for potential confounding and mediating factors, frequent use of cannabis at age 21 was more likely among young adults with a history of maternal partner arrest (odds ratio=2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.4–3.8). There was no significant association between maternal partner incarceration or single motherhood, and cannabis use at age 21. Conclusions: Arrest of the mother's partner before the child is 14 is associated with that child's increased cannabis use at age 21 but this does not appear to be the case for children whose fathers have been imprisoned. It appears that for children whose fathers have been arrested, the father's ongoing presence in the family may result in worse outcomes for the child, including an increased risk of cannabis use in young adulthood.

Psychiatric disorders in low birthweight young adults. Prevalence and association with assessments at 11 years

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.B. Elgen ◽  
F. Holsten ◽  
M.D. Odberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveTo compare mental health of 136 young adults without neurosensory handicaps born with low birthweight (LBW, birthweight less than 2000 g) with 132 adults with normal birthweight (NBW).MethodA cohort of moderate LBW and NBW young adults were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) at 19 years and the Children Assessment Schedule (CAS) at 11 years of age.ResultsAt 19 years of age, 44 out of 136 (32%) LBW young adults were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder compared to 10% NBW (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.5, P = 0.02). Among the LBW young adults, affective-, anxiety-, ADHD- and antisocial personality disorders were most common, and nine subjects (20%) had more than one diagnosis. Of 97 LBW subjects examined both at 11 and 19 years of age, 54 (56%) were mentally healthy though out adolescence. This was half as many as for controls (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3 to 0.9).ConclusionModerate LBW was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders in young adulthood. Only half of LBW young adults stayed healthy throughout adolescence.

scholarly journals PENGUJIAN VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS SKALA DUKUNGAN IMAN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiany Suwartono ◽  
Junianawaty Suhendra ◽  
Sylvia Soeherman ◽  
Aileen P. Mamahit
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Abstract – The formation of faith in adolescents and young people is rooted in their interaction with parents, both father, and mother, as well as friends. Adolescence and young adulthood are periods of seeking faith in various aspects of life. However, there has not been a measurement of the extent to which adolescents and young people regard parents and friends as role models of their faith. This study was aimed to the Perceived Faith Support - Parents and Friends Scale to be the Scale of Faith Support. The study was conducted through convenience sampling, involving 1,390 participants from three major islands in Indonesia. The results of this adaptation proved to be reliable with internal consistency methods, especially Cronbach's Alpha and to be valid with factor analysis methods. Validation with age criteria is proven by the support of faith from the father and mother, but not with friends. The Faith Support Scale is argued to be fit for both theoretical and practical purposes. The development and application of this scale are further discussed. Abstrak — Pembentukan iman pada remaja dan kaum muda merupakan hasil interaksi mereka dengan orang tua, baik ayah maupun ibu, juga teman. Masa remaja dan kaum muda merupakan masa pencarian keyakinan (iman) di berbagai aspek kehidupan. Namun, belum ada pengukuran mengenai sejauh mana remaja dan kaum muda menganggap orang tua dan teman sebagai teladan iman dirinya. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengadaptasi skala Perceived Faith Support – Parents and Friends menjadi Skala Dukungan Iman. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik convenience sampling dan melibatkan 1,390 partisipan dari tiga pulau besar di Indonesia. Hasil adaptasi ini terbukti reliabel dengan metode konsistensi internal, khususnya Cronbach’s Alpha dan valid dengan metode faktor analisis. Validasi dengan kriteria usia terbukti pada dukungan iman dari ayah dan ibu, namun tidak dengan teman. Skala Dukungan Iman ini siap digunakan dalam konteks penelitian maupun praktis. Pengembangan dan aplikasi skala ini dibahas lebih lanjut. 

NFA (No Fixed Address)

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Doug Magnuson ◽  
Mikael Jansson ◽  
Cecilia Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Past Experience ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Finding Meaning

In Chapter 7, street-involved youth are expressing a desire for what other young adults want, that is, to accept responsibility for themselves, to make independent decisions, and to be financially independent. As Arnett found, this is what young adulthood looks like to most young people. Street-involved youth described it as the experience of being in-between, and feeling in-between childhood and adulthood is developmentally and existentially in part the search for and trying out of ways of finding meaning. Past experience with trauma and current financial difficulties contributed to their experience of feeling in-between.

scholarly journals Social Confidence in Early Adulthood Among Young People With and Without a History of Language Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1635-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Durkin ◽  
Umar Toseeb ◽  
Nicola Botting ◽  
Andrew Pickles ◽  
Gina Conti-Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Social Self ◽  
History Of

Purpose The purposes of this study were to test the predictions that lower self-esteem and higher shyness in individuals with a history of language impairment (LI) would continue from adolescence into early adulthood and that those with LI would have lower social self-efficacy in early adulthood. Method Participants were young people with a history of LI and a comparison group of age-matched peers. Both groups were tested at ages 17 and 24 years. Participants completed measures of language ability, nonverbal IQ, shyness, global self-esteem, and (at age 24 years only) social self-efficacy. Results Young adults with LI scored lower than age-matched peers on self-esteem, higher on shyness, and lower on social self-efficacy (medium to large effect sizes). In line with expectations, in the group with LI, language ability in adolescence predicted shyness in young adulthood, which, in turn, was negatively associated with self-esteem. There was also a direct association between language ability in adolescence and self-esteem in young adulthood. Conclusions Young people with a history of LI are likely to be entering adulthood less socially confident than their peers. Interventions may be desirable for young adults with LI, and the present findings indicate social self-efficacy as a key area of social confidence that calls for practitioners' attention.

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