Endophytic fungi associated with four endemic wild coffee species  (Mascarocoffea) in Madagascar

Mascarocoffea are wild coffee plants endemic to Madagascar. These plants produce diverse, often specific biomolecules that are not found in cultivated coffee plants. Production of these compounds could be due to interactions between the endophytes and the host plant. Few studies have been carried out on the richness and diversity of microorganisms associated with these coffee plants. The objective of this study was to identify endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves of species of Mascarocoffea by morphological and molecular methods. Fifteen taxa were morphologically identified among the 30 isolated. These included Phyllosticta sp., Colletotrichum sp., Daldinia sp., Diaporthe sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp.01, Fusarium sp. 02, Fusarium sp. 03, Monilinia sp., Trichoderma sp., Alternaria sp, Penicillium sp., Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus sp. and Nigrospora sp. The phylum Ascomycota was the most represented, with 14 taxa and 1 taxon (Rhizopus sp.) belonging to the phylum of Zygomycota. Molecular characterisation confirmed of the identity of these 15 taxa and those of the morphologically Unidentified (NI) mycotaxa including Colletotrichum karstii, Colletotrichum siamense, Neofusicoccum parvum, Colletotrichum siamense, Punctularia strigosozonata, Stemphylium solani, Phoma multirostrata, Calophoma complonata, Daldinia vanderguchtiae, Phoma exigua and Boremia exigua. This study allowed us to identify the endophytic fungi isolated from Mascarocoffea leaves from Madagascar.

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Associação de Fungos com Sementes de Espécies Florestais Nativas

Summa Phytopathologica ◽

10.1590/0100-5405/2211 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 246-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Lídia Moura do Carmo ◽

Edson José Mazaratto ◽

Bárbara Eckstein ◽

Álvaro Figueredo dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Penicillium Sp ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp

RESUMO No Brasil, ainda há poucas pesquisas sobre os microrganismos associados às sementes florestais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi detectar fungos associados às sementes de seis espécies florestais nativas: açoita-cavalo (Luehea divaricata), araçá amarelo (Psidium cattleyanum), corticeira (Erythrina falcata), rabo-de-bugio (Lonchocarpus sp.), vassoura-vermelha (Dodonea viscosa) e pau-jacaré (Piptadenia gonoacantha). Foram identificados oito gêneros de fungos potencialmente patogênicos: Cladosporyum sp., Fusarium sp., Pestalotiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp., Coletotrichum sp., Alternaria sp., Phoma sp. e Botrytis sp. e fungos saprófitas: Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Epicoccum sp., Torula sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp., Chaetomium sp. e Trichothecium sp. Os resultados evidenciam a diversidade de fungos associados às sementes florestais nativas, incluindo vários potencialmente fitopatogênicos.

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FUNGOS ASSOCIADOS À CASCA DO CAULE DE Platanus orientalis L.

Estudos de Biologia ◽

10.7213/reb.v26i54.21285 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (54) ◽

Author(s):

Denise Zelak Leite Bastos ◽

Ida Chapaval Pimentel ◽

Christian Dykstra ◽

Carlos Eduardo Kania ◽

Juarez Gabardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Platanus Orientalis ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp

Para posterior emprego na biotransformação do ácido betulínico e ácido betulônico, foram isolados fungos epifíticos e endofíticos da casca de caule de Platanus orientalis L. de acordo com metodologia específica. Para cada experimento foram utilizadas 800 amostras cortadas em pequenos pedaços e plaqueadas em dois meios de culturas diferentes: BDA (batata-dextrose-ágar) e SDA (sabouraud-dextrose-ágar). Os dados foram expressos em incidência de aparecimento do fungo. Foi realizado teste qui-quadrado (÷˝) para verificar se algum dos meios favoreceu o isolamento e cultivo dos fungos isolados. Foram identificados 13 gêneros de fungos epifíticos: Mucor sp.; Rhizopus sp.; Dematium sp.; Chaetophoma sp.; Arthobotrys sp.; Trichoderma sp.; Drecheslera sp.; Nigrospora sp.; Fusarium sp.; Pestalotia sp.; Rhizomucor sp.; Aspergillus sp. e Alternaria sp. Constatou-se que Mucor sp., Rhizopus sp. apresentaram as maiores incidências nos dois meios. Oito gêneros foram identificados para os fungos endofíticos: Mucor sp.; Stachibotrys sp.; Trichophyton sp.; Trichoderma sp.; Aspergillus sp.; Phoma sp.; Fusarium sp. e Curvularia sp. Observaram-se as maiores incidências dos fungos: Mucor sp. presente nos dois meios; Stachibotrys sp. em BDA; Trichophyton sp. em SDA. Pôde-se comprovar pelo teste (÷˝) que para alguns fungos a alteração do meiofoi significativa.

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Detecção de Fungos em Sementes de Acca sellowiana (Berg) Burret

Floresta e Ambiente ◽

10.1590/2179-8087.087414 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vinícius Spolaor Fantinel ◽

Luciana Magda de Oliveira ◽

Ricardo Trezzi Casa ◽

Priscilla Félix Schneider ◽

Emerson Couto da Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Aspergillus Flavus ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Acca Sellowiana

RESUMO Acca sellowiana é uma espécie frutífera nativa da Região Sul do Brasil que está despertando grande interesse econômico devido ao alto potencial organoléptico de seus frutos. A principal forma de propagação da espécie é via sexuada. Objetivando determinar a qualidade sanitária das sementes, foram comparadas três formas de detecção de fungos, com ou sem a assepsia superficial, em sementes oriundas de quatro municípios do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e de três municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina. Foram testados os meios de cultura Batata-Dextrose-Ágar (BDA), V8 (suco de tomate) e o método Blotter Test. Foram identificados os seguintes fungos: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium sp., Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., Trichoderma sp., Epicoccum sp. e Phomopsis sp. Os meios agarizados são mais sensíveis na detecção de fungos em sementes de goiaba serrana. A assepsia das sementes reduz a incidência de fungos infestantes.

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Effect of the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Dactylaria Brochopaga and the Nematode Egg Parasitic Fungus Verticilium Chlamydosporium in Controlling Citrus Nematode Infesting Mandarin, And Interrelationship with the Co Inhabitant Fungi

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i3.32.18383 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3.32) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

NOWEER E.M.A ◽

. .

Keyword(s):

Soil Samples ◽

Parasitic Fungus ◽

Citrus Reticulata ◽

Successive Treatment ◽

Tylenchulus Semipenetrans ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Mixed Compound ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Citrus Nematode

In a field experiment, the nematode-trapping fungus Dactylaria brochopaga and the nematode egg parasitic fungus Verticilium chlamydosporium , was evaluated against the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans infesting Mandarin, Citrus reticulata, , the mixed compound was applied in October 2016 at the rate ½ kg/tree, and root and soil samples were collected monthly until the next October, 2017. Successive treatment of the same mixed compound was added in the end of April 2017. For the comparison, Vydate 24% L. was applied as well as non treated check trees were left. Data revealed that the mixed compound treatment greatly affected the citrus nematode numbers both in soil and roots, in comparing with those of Vydate or induced by mixed compound was 97% and 70%; respectively in soil and roots. Rates of reproduction increase of the citrus nematode also reached 3% and 30% in both soil and roots; respectively. Vydate treatment resulted in a relatively lesser percentages. Growth of the concomitant fungus, Trichoderma sp. was increased specially in the last samples of October 2017, however those of fungi; Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp. And Rhizopus sp. was reduced, due to mixed compound treatment. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. were not affected by the presence of the mixed compound. Vydate did not affect the co inhabitant fungi to a great extent.

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Trigona sp. COMO VISITANTE FLORAL E VETOR DE ESPOROS FÚNGICOS PARA GOIABEIRA (Psidium guajava L. – MYRTACEAE)

Estudos de Biologia ◽

10.7213/reb.v26i55.21636 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 26 (55) ◽

Author(s):

Rodrigo Makowiecky Stuart ◽

Carolina Lamas ◽

Ida Chapaval Pimentel

Keyword(s):

Psidium Guajava ◽

Penicillium Sp ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Mycelia Sterilia

Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar a ação de Trigona sp. como visitante floral e vetor de esporos fúngicos para goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.). As observações foram feitas entre dezembro de 2003 e fevereiro de 2004 em flores de goiabeiras do Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná. Foi verificado que três gêneros de abelhas estavam visitando as flores de goiaba: Apis melifera, Bombus sp. e Trigona sp.. Entretanto, Trigona demonstrou ser mais freqüente que as outras durante as observações. A freqüência de visitas de Trigona foi maior durante o início da manhã, decrescendo ao longo do dia. A avaliação dos fungos associados a Trigona demonstrou a presença de 11 gêneros distintos: Acremonium sp., Altenaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fonsecaea sp., Fusarium sp., Mycelia sterilia, Penicillium sp., Phoma sp. e Rhizopus sp.. 48 % destes representam fitopatógenos potenciais como Alternaria sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp. e Phoma sp.. Estes dados demonstram que o gênero Trigona pode atuar na disseminação de doenças para diversas culturas, funcionando como vetor de esporos fúngicos para outras plantas.

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INVENTARISASI JAMUR PADA BENIH BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI [Glycine max (L.) Merril] YANG BERADA DI SEKITAR BANDAR LAMPUNG

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v2i3.2077 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Reny Destya Angrum ◽

Muhammad Nurdin ◽

Suskandini Ratih ◽

Hasriadi Mat Akin

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Plate Test ◽

Penicillium Sp ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jamur yang terdapat pada beberapa varietas benih kedelai [ Glycine max (L.) Merril ] yang berada di sekitar Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman, UniversitasLampung dari Mei 2013 sampai dengan Agustus 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan kedelai varieta Burangrang, Kaba, Argomulyo, Tanggamus dan Grobogan. Benih-benih tersebut diinkubasi menggunakan metode blotter test dan agar plate test dengan dua perlakuan, yaitu kontrol (tanpa NaOCl) dan dengan menggunakan NaOCl. Jamur-jamur yang tumbuh dari benih yang diinkubasi diidentifikasi dengan cara diamati dan difoto, selanjutnya dicocokkan dengan bubu-buku referensi tentang penyakit- penyakit kedelai. Selain itu juga dilakukan penghitungan persentase kemunculan jamur dari benih yang diinkubasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian yang dilakukan dengan perlakuan desinfeksi maupun tanpa desinfeksi ditemukan jenis jamur yang berasal dari lapang (Fusarium sp., Cercospora sp., Sclerotium sp., Phomopsis sp., Rhizoctonia sp., dan Colletotrichum sp.) dan jenis jamur yang berasal dari gudang penyimpanan (Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., dan Rhizopus sp.). Benih yang diberikan perlakuan desinfeksi dapat mengurangi tumbuhnya jamur yang berasal dari gudang/tempat penyimpanan (kontaminan) tetapi tidak menghilangkan jenis jamur yang menginfeksi di dalam benih (jamur yang berasal dari lapang). Pada varietas Grobogan Rhizoctonia sp. memiliki persentase kemunculan jamur yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jamur lainnya yaitu sebesar 60,56%. Pada benih dengan perlakuan tanpa desinfeksi persentase kemunculan Aspergillus sp. pada varietas Kaba dan Tanggamus lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jamur lainnya sebesar 63,33%. Pada media perlakuan desinfeksi dengan menggunakan media kertas saring persentase kemunculan jamur pada varietas Kaba Cercospora sp. memiliki persentase lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jamur lainnya sebesar 30%. Pada media perlakuan tanpa desinfeksidengan menggunakan media kertas saring, Trichoderma sp. pada varietas Kaba memiliki persentase kemunculan jamur lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jamur lainnya, dengan persentase kemunculan masing-masing sebesar 77,23%.

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Sensibilidad in vitro de hongos fitopatógenos causantes de enfermedades en fresa a controladores biológicos y fungicidas, en el estado de Guanajuato, México

Acta Universitaria ◽

10.15174/au.2019.2339 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Luis Roberto Pérez Moreno ◽

Luis Pérez-Moreno ◽

Rafael Guzmán-Mendoza ◽

Diana Sanzón-Gómez ◽

José Roberto Belmonte-Vargas

Keyword(s):

Rhizoctonia Solani ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Factor B ◽

Trichoderma Sp ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp

Se evaluó la respuesta in vitro de un aislado de los hongos Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani, a 16 agentes biológicos (AB), ocho fungicidas y un testigo. Se usó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial. El factor A correspondió a los aislados del hongo y el factor B a los productos de control. La comparación de medias se realizó con la prueba de Tukey (p < 0.05). Se hizo la evaluación del crecimiento promedio radial micelial en centímetros (Cprm) cada 24 h durante 11 días. En cualquier caso, no se encontró efecto, solo o en interacción con los agentes de control. Dicloran, Tebuconazol y Cyprodinil-Fludioxonil inhibieron el crecimiento micelial de todos los aislados de los hongos con un promedio final de 1.0 Cprm, y en mayor proporción que los agentes biológicos. Los AB que propiciaron el menor crecimiento micelial de los aislados fueron: Trichoderma sp., Trichoderma harzianum, Microorganismos y Trichoderma viridae.

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Occurrence and Diversity of Soil Microflora in Potato Fields of Bangladesh

Journal of Advances in Microbiology ◽

10.9734/jamb/2020/v20i930277 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

M. A. Nitu ◽

M. Rahaman ◽

F. M. Aminuzzaman ◽

N. Sultana

Keyword(s):

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Soil Microflora ◽

Bacterium Species ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Soil Dilution ◽

Made In

Microflora from potato rhizosphere soil was isolated from different potato fields of Bangladesh. Seventeen soil samples were analyzed for the presence of microflora in selected potato field soils. Seven fungal species and one bacterium species were morphologically characterized using soil dilution and streak plate methods. The predominant fungi isolated including Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Bipolaris sp., Phytophthora sp., Fusarium sp. and one bacterium was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. Individual colonies of fungi and bacteria were counted on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), V8 juice Agar and their presence in soil was compared in respect of different locations of potato fields. The occurrence of Phytophthora sp. was medium in Tongibari and lower in Singair Union, Sonargaon, Matlab Dakshin, Gobindaganj, Palashbari, Gopinathpur and Bagmara. The highest counts of R. solanacearum were found in Singair Union, Tongibari and Daudkandi and the lowest counts were made in Palashbari and Bagmara. This was the first reported examination of the microbial diversity of soil microflora in some selected potato fields of Bangladesh.

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INCIDENCE OF TOXIGENIC MOULDS IN FOOD SPICES SOLD IN OPEN MARKETS IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA

African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment ◽

10.52417/ajhse.v2i2.167 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 126-131

Author(s):

A. A. Imoni ◽

A. S. Ogbebor ◽

B. A. Ikpefua

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Penicillium Species ◽

Benin City ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp ◽

Open Markets ◽

Toxigenic Moulds

Spices are parts of plants or plant substances primarily used for flavouring and preservation of food. Spices can be exposed to microbial contamination and toxic substances such as mycotoxins during processing storage and distribution. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of toxigenic moulds in food spices sold in open markets in Benin City. A total of 35 samples were obtained from three markets. Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and Aspergillus flavus and parasiticus agar (AFPA) were employed for the isolation, characterization and identification of fungal isolates using standard microbiological procedures. The pH was determined using an electronic pH meter, titratable acidity and moisture content were also determined using appropriate methods. Fungi isolated in this study included; Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Rhizopus sp., Geotrichum sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp. The most occurring fungus was Fusarium sp. (26%) while Alternaria sp. (2%) was the least occurring fungus. The fungal load ranged from 0.33 - 28.67 x 103 sfu/g and the pH values of samples ranged from 4.83 – 5.67. The titratable acidity ranged from 0.037 – 0.521 mg/l, while the moisture content ranged from 2.0 – 28.0%. The study revealed the presence of toxigenic moulds such as Fusarium and Penicillium species in food spices sold in open markets. This may have resulted from improper storage, handling and poor sanitary conditions in the open markets.

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Germinação, qualidade sanitária e armazenamento de sementes de canafístula (Peltophorum dubium)

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/s0100-67622012000100001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 01-06 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adriana Martinelli Seneme ◽

Edilberto Possamai ◽

Silvelena Vanzolini ◽

Cibele Chalita Martins

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Semitectum ◽

Alternaria Sp ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Rhizopus Sp

Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de métodos de superação de dormência e do ambiente de armazenamento sobre a qualidade fisiológica e fitopatológica das sementes de canafístula (Peltophorum dubium). As sementes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos de superação de dormência: escarificação com lixa (200); imersão em água na temperatura ambiente, durante 24 e 72 h; imersão em ácido sulfúrico por 2, 6, 10, 15, 20 e 30 min; imersão em água quente (70, 80 e 90 C); e umedecimento do substrato com solução de KNO3 (0,2%). As sementes foram armazenadas na temperatura ambiente e a 10 C por 210 dias. Os efeitos dos tratamentos e do armazenamento foram avaliados por meio do teor de água, teste de germinação (cinco repetições de 30 sementes), de comprimento de plântulas e sanidade (400 sementes), com incubação por oito dias (22-25 C). Na análise estatística dos dados, utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 14 (condições de armazenamento x tratamentos para a superação da dormência). As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P>0,5). Com relação às sementes não armazenadas, os melhores tratamentos para superar a dormência e promover a germinação foram escarificação com lixa ou ácido sulfúrico por 15 a 30 min; quanto às sementes armazenadas, houve a imersão em água quente (70 a 80 ºC). Os fungos detectados nas sementes foram Pestalotia sp., Alternaria sp., Rhizopus sp., Nigrospora sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. e Fusarium semitectum.

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