scholarly journals Distribution of phthisis bulbi and status of fellow eyes at a tertiary eye-care centre in Nigeria: a ten-year review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-44
Author(s):  
Bolajoko A Adewara ◽  
Sarat A Badmus ◽  
Olukemi T Olugbade ◽  
Edak Ezeanosike ◽  
Bernice O Adegbehingbe
Keyword(s):  
Clinic Visit ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Phthisis Bulbi ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Background: Phthisis bulbi is an irreversible cause of visual loss with insufficient evidence about its aetiology and status of patients’ fellow eyes. Objectives: To identify the distribution of patients with phthisis bulbi and determine the status of their fellow eyes at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: We analysed data retrospectively retrieved from medical records of patients diagnosed with phthisis bulbi at in- itial clinic visit from January 2008 to December 2017. Information abstracted included biodata, laterality of phthisical eye, duration and aetiology of phthisis bulbi, visual acuity, and morbidities present in fellow eyes. Results: Seventy-nine patients presented with unilateral phthisis bulbi. The mean age was 51±21.2 years and forty (50.6%) were males. The commonest aetiologies of phthisis bulbi were trauma 37 (46.8%), infection 17 (21.5%) and uveitis/inflam- mation 11 (13.9%). Seventy (88.6%) patients had morbidities in their fellow eye such as glaucoma 26 (32.9%), refractive errors 23 (29.1%) and cataract 22 (27.9%). Forty (50.6%) patients were either visually impaired or blind in their fellow eye (p=0.001). Conclusion: The commonest cause of phthisis bulbi was trauma. Approximately nine out of ten patients had ocular mor- bidities in their fellow eye. A thorough follow-up of patients with phthisis bulbi is recommended. Keywords: Fellow eye; Nigeria; ocular trauma; distribution; phthisis bulbi.

scholarly journals Trainees need more psychiatric teaching sessions and role models: exposure to psychiatry in the Foundation Programme

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Adam Moreton ◽  
Andrew Collier
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Active Role ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Foundation Programme ◽  
The Mean ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals ◽  
North Western

Aims and methodTo determine the provision of teaching in psychiatry for foundation doctors up to the point of making specialty applications. Data for the cohort of foundation doctors entering training in 2010 were collected from teaching programmes across the Mersey Deanery and North Western Foundation Schools.ResultsIn the 17 hospitals that provided data, ‘protected teaching’ totalled 2354 h; 1.8% of time was dedicated to psychiatry, with 4 hospitals providing no teaching on mental health topics. The mean duration of psychiatry teaching was higher in university teaching hospitals (3 h 34 min) than district general hospitals (2 h 57 min); and almost a quarter of teaching sessions were titled only ‘psychiatry’.Clinical implicationsFor many foundation doctors their only experience of psychiatry will be through teaching sessions, and this is potentially the only time to change opinions and build interest in the specialty. Psychiatrists need to take a more active role in the provision of high-quality teaching for foundation doctors and become the visible role models which are currently lacking.

Real-life use of nivolumab and pembrolizumab in four adult university teaching hospitals in Québec, Canada.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14125-e14125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Letarte ◽  
Layal El Raichani ◽  
Chantal Guevremont ◽  
Nathalie Marcotte ◽  
Ghislain Berard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Median Number ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Nsclc Patients ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

e14125 Background: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, two anti-PD1 agents, were approved and funded in Québec since 2016 for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and melanoma. The objectives were to describe and assess the “real-life” use, efficacy and security of nivolumab and pembrolizumab in NSCLC, RCC and melanoma in the general population. Methods: Medical records of every patient who received nivolumab or pembrolizumab between January 1st 2011 and October 31st 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Data analysis cut-off was Dec 31st 2017. Results: In total, 532 patients received at least one dose of anti-PD1 during the study period. Median number of doses received varied for each indication (medians varied from 4 to 9.5). Adverse events were pooled together by drug. 47.7 % of patients receiving pembrolizumab suffered from any grade immune-related adverse event (IRAE), most of them of grade 1 or 2. 12.2 % of patients reported grade 3-4 IRAE. Most of the patients reported only one type of IRAE. For nivolumab, 44.6% of patients presented with any IRAE, including 8.3% of grade 3-4. Dermatologic IRAE were more frequent in the melanoma patients whereas gastrointestinal and pulmonary IRAE were more frequent in NSCLC patients. Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events varied from 6 to18% depending on indication. Conclusions: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab seemed less effective and caused more IRAE in “real-life” population than in the pivotal clinical trials. Caution and regular follow-up are warranted when using these drugs in general population. Longer follow-up is needed.[Table: see text]

Esmarch tourniquet in orthopaedic surgery

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A L Akinyoola ◽  
L M Oginni ◽  
E A Orimolade ◽  
O J Ogundele
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Pneumatic Tourniquet ◽  
Bloodless Field ◽  
The Mean ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

A bloodless field is important in many orthopaedic operations necessitating the use of a pneumatic tourniquet or Esmarch bandage. The outcome of the use of an Esmarch bandage for exsanguination and as a tourniquet in 112 consecutive patients who had elective orthopaedic operations on 131 limbs was evaluated. The setting was at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, from March 2003 to February 2005. The mean age of the patients was 25.7 + standard deviation years (range 1-70 years). The duration of tourniquet application ranged from 20 min to 2 h 35 min. Four limbs (3.1%) developed acute compartment syndrome; four (3.1%) had tourniquet paralysis with ulnar nerve involvement in three limbs. All limbs regained full neurological function following physiotherapy. There was wound infection in two limbs (1.5%). In spite of its drawbacks, the Esmarch bandage is still useful for exsanguination and as a tourniquet in orthopaedic surgery where there is no pneumatic tourniquet.

scholarly journals Procedures performed during neurosurgery residency in Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (10) ◽  
pp. 2303-2311
Author(s):  
Martin N. Stienen ◽  
◽  
Christian F. Freyschlag ◽  
Karl Schaller ◽  
Torstein Meling
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Case Logs ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background In a previous article (10.1007/s00701-019-03888-3), preliminary results of a survey, aiming to shed light on the number of surgical procedures performed and assisted during neurosurgery residency in Europe were reported. We here present the final results and extend the analyses. Methods Board-certified neurosurgeons of European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) member countries were asked to review their residency case logs and participate in a 31-question electronic survey (SurveyMonkey Inc., San Mateo, CA). The responses received between April 25, 2018, and April 25, 2020, were considered. We excluded responses that were incomplete, from non-EANS member countries, or from respondents that have not yet completed their residency. Results Of 430 responses, 168 were considered for analysis after checking in- and exclusion criteria. Survey responders had a mean age of 42.7 ± 8.8 years, and 88.8% were male. Responses mainly came from surgeons employed at university/teaching hospitals (85.1%) in Germany (22.0%), France (12.5%), the United Kingdom (UK; 8.3%), Switzerland (7.7%), and Greece (7.1%). Most responders graduated in the years between 2011 and 2019 (57.7%). Thirty-eight responders (22.6%) graduated before and 130 responders (77.4%) after the European WTD 2003/88/EC came into effect. The mean number of surgical procedures performed independently, supervised or assisted throughout residency was 540 (95% CI 424–657), 482 (95% CI 398–568), and 579 (95% CI 441–717), respectively. Detailed numbers for cranial, spinal, adult, and pediatric subgroups are presented in the article. There was an annual decrease of about 33 cases in total caseload between 1976 and 2019 (coeff. − 33, 95% CI − 62 to − 4, p = 0.025). Variables associated with lesser total caseload during residency were training abroad (1210 vs. 1747, p = 0.083) and female sex by trend (947 vs. 1671, p = 0.111), whereas case numbers were comparable across the EANS countries (p = 0.443). Conclusion The final results of this survey largely confirm the previously reported numbers. They provide an opportunity for current trainees to compare their own case logs with. Again, we confirm a significant decline in surgical exposure during training between 1976 and 2019. In addition, the current analysis reveals that female sex and training abroad may be variables associated with lesser case numbers during residency.

scholarly journals Unaffected fellow eye neovascularization in patients with type 3 neovascularization: Incidence and risk factors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254186
Author(s):  
Jae Hyuck Kwak ◽  
Woo Kyung Park ◽  
Rae Young Kim ◽  
Mirinae Kim ◽  
Young-Gun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fellow Eye ◽  
Reticular Pseudodrusen ◽  
Type 3 Neovascularization ◽  
Ischemic Change ◽  
Soft Drusen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Purpose To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of neovascularization in unaffected fellow eyes of patients diagnosed with type 3 neovascularization in Korea. Methods This retrospective study included 93 unaffected fellow eyes of 93 patients diagnosed with type 3 neovascularization. For initial type 3 neovascularization diagnosis, optical coherence tomography and angiography were conducted. These baseline data were compared between patients with and without neovascularization in their fellow eyes during the follow-up period. Results The mean follow-up period was 66.1±31.1 months. Neovascularization developed in 49 (52.8%) fellow eyes after a mean period of 29.5±19.6 months. In the fellow eye neovascularization group, the incidence of soft drusen and reticular pseudodrusen was significantly higher than that in the non-neovascularization group (83.7% vs. 36.5%, p<0.001; 67.3% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.017, respectively), but the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) showed a significantly lower value (60.7±2.0% vs. 61.7±2.5%; p = 0.047). The presence of reticular pseudodrusen was related with the duration from baseline to development of fellow eye neovascularization (p = 0.038). Conclusion Neovascularization developed in 52.8% of unaffected fellow eyes. The presence of soft drusen, reticular pseudodrusen, and lower CVI values can be considered risk factors of neovascularization in unaffected fellow eyes of patients with type 3 neovascularization. The lower CVI values suggest that choroidal ischemic change may affect the development of choroidal neovascularization in these patients.

Maternal mortality in the last triennium of the Millennium Development Goal Era at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibraheem Olayemi Awowole ◽  
Olusegun Olalekan Badejoko ◽  
Oluwafemi Kuti ◽  
Omotade Adebimpe Ijarotimi ◽  
Oluwaseun Oludotun Sowemimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Millennium Development Goal ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Development Goal ◽  
University Teaching Hospitals

scholarly journals Aphakia Correction by Injection of Foldable Intra Ocular Lens in the Anterior Chamber

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. OED.S12672
Author(s):  
Kagmeni Giles ◽  
Moukouri Ernest ◽  
Domngang Christelle ◽  
Nguefack-Tsague Georges ◽  
Cheuteu Raoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Case Series ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

We assessed the outcomes of the use of anterior chamber foldable lens for unilateral aphakia correction at the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde. In this retrospective, non-comparative, consecutive case series study, we reviewed the records of patients who underwent an operation for aphakia correction by the means of injection of an angular supported foldable lens between January 2009 and December 2011 in the University Teaching Hospital Yaounde. Student's paired t-test was carried out to compare preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (TOP). P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Twenty-one patients were included in the study; twelve were male (57.1%) and nine were female (42.9%). The mean age was 55.38 ± 17.67 years (range 9–75 years). The mean follow-up duration was 5.95 ± 3.14 months (range 2–12 months). The mean logMAR visual acuity was 1.26 ± 0.46 pre-operatively and 0.78 ± 0.57 post-operatively ( P = 0.003). The change in intraocular pressure was not statistically significant. Complications included intraocular hypertension (over 21 mmHg) in 3 patients (14.3%) and macular edema, pupillar ovalization, and retinal detachment in one patient each. The results indicate that injection of an angular support foldable lens in the anterior chamber is a useful technique for the correction of aphakia in eyes without capsular support. More extended follow-up, however, and a larger series of patients are needed to ascertain the effectiveness and safety of this procedure.

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