The influence of type of palm kernel cake on the growth rate and carcass characteristics of pigs

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of palm kernel cake fermented by Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842 (FPKC) on broiler performance. A total of 245 1-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were raised in the conventional open-sided house. The birds were fed diets containing 0 (Control), 5%, 10% and 15% palm kernel cake (PKC) and 5%, 10%, 15% FPKC. The bodyweight and the feed intake were recorded. The bodyweight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated. Carcass characteristics and meat quality were measured at the end of the experiment, whereas blood was collected at 21 (starter) and 42 days (finisher) to determine blood biochemistry. The results showed that the addition of 10% or 15% PKC in broiler diets led to a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in BWG and increase in FCR during the finisher phase or overall performance. However, BWG and FCR were improved (P < 0.05) in chickens fed with 10% or 15% FPKC compared with those fed with 10% or 15% PKC or the Control group. The relative weight of the gizzard was higher (P < 0.05) for the broiler group fed with 15% PKC compared with those birds fed the Control diet or FPKC at 3 weeks of age. No significant differences were observed among the dietary treatments in blood biochemistry, breast meat colour, drip loss, cooking loss and tenderness. In conclusion, the present experiment showed that palm kernel cake fermented by P. polymyxa ATCC 842 could be fed to broiler chickens up to 15% in their rations without any adverse effect on the growth performance and meat quality.

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Effect of â-mannanase supplementation and feed presentation on carcass characteristics and macro-mineral digestibility of growing rabbits fed palm kernel based diets

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v39i2.723 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 83-89

Author(s):

O. A. Abu ◽

D. A. Tanimowo

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Palm Kernel Cake ◽

Visceral Organ ◽

Randomized Experimental Design ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Feed Form ◽

Pellet Form ◽

Macro Mineral

The influence of â -mannanase supplementation and feed presentation of palm kernel cake (PKC) based diets were assessed on grower rabbits. Twenty crossbred grower rabbits (757.5 ± 65g) of mixed sex aged between eight to ten weeks old were used during the trial in 2 X 2 factorial design conducted in a completely randomized experimental design giving four treatment interactions with five replicates of one rabbit per replicate. The treatments were; T1- diet in mash form without enzyme; T2- diet in pellet form without enzyme; T3- diet in mash form with â-mannanase (0.5g/kg) and T4- diet in pellet form with mannanase (0.5g/kg). The trial lasted for six weeks. The animals were weighed individually at the beginning of the study and weekly thereafter. At the end of the study period the feacal samples were collected and animals were slaughtered and measurements taken from the carcasses. The carcass yield showed no interaction, though full GIT weights (g) were significantly influenced (T1-23.04, T2-17.67, T3-19.99 and T4- 18.74. Enzyme inclusion and feed form elicited significant effects on carcass characteristics, with varying improvements observed. Enzyme inclusion on the mash diet gave lower organ weights compared to other diets. Feed form and enzyme inclusion influenced lengths of the segments of the GIT, with rabbit on Diet 3 having the longest length. Pelleting influenced ileum lengths positively. Rabbits fed pelleted or mash diets whether supplemented or non-supplemented with â-mannanase digested dry matter, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium in the same level. In conclusion, supplementation of diets with â-mannanase and pelleting of diets improved phosphorus digestibility in palm kernel cake based diets. In addition, rabbits feed mash and pelleted rations with addition of â-mannanase had improved loins as opposed to those fed mash and non-supplemented rabbits while other carcass and visceral organ characteristics were not significantly affected.

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CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILERS FED PERIWINKLE FLESH AND PALM KERNEL CAKE

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v23i1.2029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

B. I. OKON ◽

B. K. OGUNMODEDE

Keyword(s):

Carcass Traits ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Palm Kernel Cake ◽

Fat Pad

Feeding 180 hyperco broiler chicks varying levels of palm kernel cake (PKC), fishmeal and periwinkle flesh, showed that 25% PKC fed along with either 2% fishmeal or 6% periwinkle flesh significantly (P<0.05) improved carcass traits while the experimental feeds had no significant effect on the abdominal fat pad level, but the birds had smaller heads and intestines.

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Positive response of rabbits fed varying levels of palm kernel cake as a replacement for wheat offal

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v46i1.1322 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 143-148

Author(s):

A. M. Umar ◽

A. S. Muhammad ◽

N. Adamu ◽

M. Modi

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Positive Response ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Palm Kernel Cake ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Organ Weights ◽

Insignificant Difference

A major cost of producing rabbits is that of feed. Palm kernel cake is cheaper and locally available than wheat offal. This study was therefore, conducted to evaluate the performance of rabbits fed Palm Kernel Cake (PKC) as a replacement for Wheat Offal (WO). Twenty weaned rabbits of both sexes were used in the experiment. The rabbits were allocated to five diets, each with four replicates. Each diet contained the same quantities of ingredients but PKC and WO were varied such that diet (A) was 0% PKC and 40% WO, (B)10% PKC and 30% WO, (C)20% PKC and 20% WO, (D)30% PKC and 10% WO, and (E)40% PKC and 0% WO to measure feed intake, growth rate and feed conversion ratio. Carcass and organs of the rabbits were analysed. Average daily feed intake of rabbits recorded for diet A, B, C, D and E was 49.37, 40.05, 38.18, 39.10 and 56.05. The results revealed an insignificant difference in final weights of rabbits among all treatments which ranged from 777.50g (A) to 965.00g (E). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was also not significant and ranged from 5.21 – 4.55 with diet A having the highest FCR. There were also no significant differences in carcass and organ weights among the treatments. The carcass weight ranged from 395.00g to 594.25g on diet A and E respectively. Diet E had the highest dressing percentage (57.70%) while the least was recorded for diet B (53.28%). It can be concluded that PKC compared favourably with WO and could be used to replace the latter without deleterious effects.

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Productive performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets containing different levels of palm kernel cake

Revista Mvz Córdoba ◽

10.21897/rmvz.266 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 2659-2667 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Felicidade Macome ◽

Ronaldo Lopes O ◽

Adriana Regina B ◽

Gherman Garcia Leal A ◽

Larissa Pires B ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Palm Kernel Cake ◽

Linear Decrease ◽

Four Levels ◽

Commercial Yield

ABSTRACTObjective. The objective of this study was to determine the effect on productiveperformance and carcass characteristics in lambs fed with different amounts of palmkernel cake. Material and methods. Thirty-two Santa Inês lambs, with an initial livebody weight of 24.8 ± 3.59 kg were used. Treatments consisted of four levels (0; 6.5;13.0 and 19.5%) of palm kernel cake added to the dry matter diet. Lambs were fed for80 days, and then slaughtered to be evaluated for the quantitative characteristics of thecarcass. Results. Intake of dry matter and non-structural carbohydrates decreased withincreasing levels of palm kernel cake. The intake of neutral detergent fiber showed a linearincrease. Crude protein and total digestive nutrient intake were not affected. Weight gain,and the feed:gain ratio of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and total digestivenutrients were similar among the four treatments. There was an increase on the feed:gainratio of neutral detergent fiber and a decrease of nonstructural carbohydrates. The weightgain at slaughter and biometric measures were not affected by treatment. The carcasscompactness index showed a linear decrease. The indexes of leg muscularity, compactnessof the leg and rib eye area were similar among treatments. There was a linear decrease inthe cold carcass weight and commercial yield of the carcass. Conclusions. The diet madeof up to 19.5% palm kernel cake reduced DM intake, the carcass compactness index andcarcass commercial yield, but did not alter weight gain, or feed dry matter intake.

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