scholarly journals Land Management Problems in the Mining Communities of Tarkwa, Ghana -A Look at Boundary Markers and Resurveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
E. A. A. Kwesi ◽  
O. Simpson ◽  
J. K. Lawerty ◽  
A. Mends ◽  
C. Assencher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Boundary Problems ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Land Transactions

Boundary resurveys have become necessary in most mining communities of Ghana, especially, Tarkwa and its environs due to pressure and alteration in land use and land cover by mining operations. Most of the boundary markers (pillars, trees, streams, hills, valleys, footpaths, etc.) used in the past have been destroyed by mining and other associated activities. This has led to many disputes about ground boundaries and ownership of land tracts in the area. To curb the incidences of such conflicts, it has become important to have more reliable and scientific demarcations and surveys of the old boundaries and owners of land tracts in the area for registration, using modern technologies in land surveying. Equipment and methods used over a century ago to mark and describe land boundaries in the area have become obsolete now, and modern equipment and methods, while capable of measuring to very high precisions, cannot automatically give or tell the right boundaries and owners of land tracts established centuries ago. This paper examines the land boundaries situation in the study area, the impacts of mining on this, the need for boundary retracement surveys, the challenges that the rampant destruction of boundary markers in mining communities pose to such resurveys, and offers suggestions on dealing with these challenges in the management of land in the area.  It also provides helpful information to land owners, land ‘buyers’ and land surveyors on the effects of the boundary problems on land transactions, surveys and registration in mining areas.   Keywords: Surface Mining, Boundary Markers, Retracement Surveys, Land Conflicts, Management

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN WANITA DAN TANAH ADAT MINANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Azima Azima
Keyword(s):  
Land Ownership ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
Customary Land ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p><em>In the Minang community, women are considered as holders of trust and all decisions related to the use of their typical land are still dependent on the decisions of the adat leaders. In another sense, a woman is justified in possessing but the property given to her is pregnant soon (Norhalim Ibrahim 2005). Indigenous women will be grouped with land ownership but in terms of power and rights to land still controlled by traditional leaders. The lack of power in the context of managing and using customary land has led to various issues that have touched indigenous lands. The issue is the issue of customary land that is not cultivated and has become widespread. Therefore, this study aims to examine how indigenous women become hindered as a result of the boundaries held by them. Therefore, in-depth interviews with customary land owners in the study area were conducted. The study found that there were a number of obstacles that hindered efforts to capture indigenous women. Because of the allocation of Enakmen Chapter 215 customary land, conflicts between trustees and tribes, it is difficult to obtain credit facilities and the location of customary land. This situation eventually pushed to the limits of efforts to wake up the economy of women. The lack of power resulting from limited property rights makes the economic empowerment of indigenous women not easy to handle. Thus some changes in the context of traditional leadership must need to think about the relevance of ownership that is more utilizing the owner, but in the same period it does not conflict with the existence of the Minang ethnic and ethnic groups.</em></p><p><em>Dalam masyarakat Minang wanita dianggap sebagai pemegang amanah dan segala keputusan berkait dengan urusan pemakaian tanah khasnya masih lagi tergantung kepada keputusan pemimpin adat. Dalam erti lain, seseorang wanita itu dibenarkan memiliki tetapi hakmilik yang diberikan kepadanya adalah hamilik terhad </em><em>(Norhalim Ibrahim 2005).  </em><em> Wanita adat akan  diompokkan dengan pemilikan tanah tetapi dari segi kuasa dan hak terhadap tanah masih dikuasai oleh pemimpin adat.  Ketiadaan kuasa dalam konteks mengurus dan memakai tanah adat menyebabkan timbul pelbagai isu yang menyentuh tanah adat. Antaranya adalah isu tanah adat yang tidak diusahakan dan menjadi terbiar. Oleh yang demikian kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana pemerkasaan wanita adat menjadi terhalang akibat daripada sekatan pegangan yang dimiliki oleh mereka.  Oleh itu indepth interview dengan pemilik tanah adat  di kawasan kajian dilakukan. Dapatan kajian mendapati terdapat beberapa halangan yang menghalang usaha untuk memperkasakan wanita adat.  Antaranya peruntukan tanah adat Enakmen Bab 215, konflik antara pemegang amanah dan keberadaan suku, kesukaran mendapatkan kemudahan kredit dan lokasi tanah adat.  Keadaan ini akhirnya mendorong kepada batasan terhadap usaha membangunkan ekonomi wanita.  Ketiadaan kuasa akibat daripada hak milik yang terhad menjadikan  usaha pemberdayaan ekonomi wanita adat menjadi tidak mudah untuk ditangani.  Oleh demikian beberapa perubahan dalam konteks kepimpinan adat harus perlu memikirkan kerelevanan pemilikan yang lebih memanfaatkan pemilik namun dalam masa yang sama tidak mempertikaian keberadaan suku dan etnik minang.</em></p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Indigenous women, empowerment, ownership of land, land ownership and pregnancy</em></p><div><em><br /></em></div>

Advanced Systems to Prevent Collisions of Mining Equipment and Personnel Accidents in Surface Mining

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A.F. Klebanov ◽  
M.V. Kadochnikov ◽  
V.V. Ulitin ◽  
D.N. Sizemov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Surface Mines ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Personal Devices ◽  
Blind Spots

The article addresses the issues of ensuring safe operation of mining equipment in surface mining. It describes the main factors and situations that pose a high risk to human life and health. The most dangerous incidents are shown to be related to limited visibility and blind spots for operators of mining equipment, which can result in collisions and personnel run over. The main technologies and specific solutions used to design collision avoidance systems are described and their general comparison is provided. A particular focus is placed on monitoring the health of employees at their workplace by means of portable personal devices that promptly inform the dispatcher of emergency situations. General technical requirements are formulated for designing of the system to prevent equipment collisions and personnel run over in surface mining operations. The paper emphasizes the importance of introducing a multifunctional safety system in surface mines in order to minimise the possibility of incidents and accidents throughout the entire production cycle.

Analysis of the market of drill rigs for surface mining operations of the Russian mineral producers

2018 ◽  
Vol 138 (2/2018) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
K.Yu. Anistratov ◽  
T.V. Donchenko ◽  
P.I. Opanasenko ◽  
I.B. Strogiy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Mining ◽  
Mining Operations

Reflections on the Acquisition of Land by Non-citizens in Botswana

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-204
Author(s):  
Boga Thura Manatsha
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tribal Land ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
Land Transactions

There are rising public concerns about the acquisition of prime land by non-citizens/foreigners in Botswana, especially in the sprawling urban and peri-urban areas. Indians, Nigerians and Chinese, among others, are allegedly involved in such land transactions. There is a salient local resentment towards them and/or such transactions. Sensational media reports, emotive public statements by politicians, chiefs and government officials, and anger from ordinary citizens dominate the discourse. These emotive public debates about this issue warrant some academic comment. This article argues that the acquisition of land by foreigners in Botswana, in each land category—tribal, state and freehold—is legally allowed by the relevant laws. But this does not mean that citizens have no right to raise concerns and/or show their disapproval of some of these legal provisions. Aware of the public outcry, the government has since passed the Land Policy in 2015, revised in 2019, and amended the Tribal Land Act in 2018, not yet operational, to try and strictly regulate the acquisition of land by non-citizens. There is no readily available statistical data, indicating the ownership of land by foreigners in each land category. This issue is multifaceted and needs to be cautiously handled, lest it breeds xenophobia or the anti-foreigner sentiments.

Determination of production rate in large surface mining areas

2004 ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Changsheng Ji ◽  
Songlin Xia ◽  
Youdi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Mining Areas

scholarly journals On evaluation of complex-structured coal deposits based on their typical geometric features

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Alexander Katsubin ◽  
Victor Martyanov ◽  
Milan Grohol
Keyword(s):  
Surface Mining ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Large Length

Information about the geological structure of Kuznetsky coal basin (Kuzbass) allows us to note that coal deposits developed by open-cast method are characterized by complicated conditions and have the following features: large length of deposits at significant depths of occurrence; coal series bedding of different thicknesses (from 1 to 40 m); different dip angles (from 3 to 90º); a significant number of dip and direction disturbances; different thickness of unconsolidated quaternary sediments (from 5 to 40 m); a wide range of strength values of rocks. In addition, there is a thickness irregularity and frequent variability of elements of occurrence of coal seams within the boundaries of a quarry field both in length and depth of mining. From the point of view of open-pit mining, such deposits are complex-structured. The factors listed above have a decisive influence on the choice of technical means, the order of development and the possibility of carrying out surface mining operations. Therefore, there is a need for a systematization of mining and geological conditions for the development of coal deposits, the purpose of which is to ensure a process of evaluation of complex-structured coal deposits for the development of coal-bearing zones by various complexes of equipment.

scholarly journals RIGHTS OWNERSHIP TO CERTIFIED LAND CONFRONTED WITH THE CUSTOMARY LAW IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saim Aksnudin
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
The Status ◽  
Need For Support ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ownership Of Land

In the national development the role of land for the fulfillment of various purposes will increase, either as a place to live or for business activities. In relation to that will also increase the need for support in the form of guarantee of legal certainty in the field of land. The result of the research is the conception of the state of Indonesia is a state law, which contains the meaning in the administration of government and the state based on the law, the protection of the law is a universal concept of the rule of law. The legal certainty on land rights as intended by the UUPA encompasses three things, namely the certainty of the object of land rights, certainty on the subject of land rights and certainty about the status of landrights. Legal conception of land title certificate is a proof that issued by authorized legal institution, containing juridical data and physical data which isused as evidence of ownership of land rights in order to provide assurance of legal certainty and certainty of rights to a plot of land owned or possessed by a person or legal entity. With the certificate of rights, it is expected that the juridical can guarantee the legal certainty and the right by the state for the holder of the right to the land. This country's guarantee is granted to the owner or the holder of the certificate may be granted because the land is already registered in the state land administration system.

scholarly journals PAYING THE PIPER (IN PRAESENTIA) Xstrata South Africa (Pty) v SFF Association 2012 (5) SA 60 (SCA)

Obiter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Badenhorst
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Old Order ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Mineral Rights ◽  
The Right ◽  
Mining Right

This decision is an appeal from the decision of the South Gauteng High Court in SFF Association v Xstrata (2011 JDR 0407 (GSJ)). The court a quo decided incorrectly that the holder of an old-order mining right, which was converted into a (new) mining right in terms of the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (the “Act”), remains liable upon conversion for the payment of (contractual) royalties in terms of a mineral lease, which was concluded prior to enactment of the Act. The appeal was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeal (“SCA”) (2012 (5) SA 60 (SCA) par 27). The decision was rendered by Wallis JA with the other judges concurring with his judgment. Prior to the Act mineral-right holders could grant a mining right to a miner against payment of royalties or other forms of consideration. At issue on appeal was whether the obligation to pay royalties in terms of a mineral lease “survives the introduction of the new regime in respect of mining rights brought about by the Act”. As indicated by the SCA, the Act fundamentally changed the legal basis upon which rights to minerals are acquired and exercised. Previously mineral rights were vested in the owner of land or the holder of mineral rights, which rights could be exercised upon acquisition of a statutory authorization to exploit the minerals. In terms of the new regime, common-law mineral rights were destroyed and “all mineral resources vested in the state as the custodian of such resources on behalf of all South Africans”, whereupon the state could confer the right to exploit such resources to applicants. Upon granting a mining right in terms of the Act (statutory) royalties have become payable to the state since 1 March 2010 of the Act and the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Royalty Act 28 of 2008. In order to prevent disruption of the mining industry, provision was made in the Act for the continuation of old-order rights for different transitional periods ranging from one to five years and conversion of such rights during the periods of transition. The transitional arrangements in Schedule II of the Act (“transitional arrangements”) inter alia ensured security of tenure of prospecting rights and mining rights and enabled holders thereof to comply with the Act. In particular, an old-order mining right remained valid for five years “subject to the terms and conditions under which it was granted” (item 7(1) of the transitional arrangements) and could be converted into a new mining right (item 7(2) of the transitional arrangements) if certain requirements were met. The applicant had to have: (a) met the requirements for lodgement of application for conversion; (b) conducted mining operations in respect of the mining right; (c) indicated that he would continue to conduct such mining operations upon conversion of the mining right; (d) had an approved environmental management programme; and (e) paid the prescribed conversion fee (item 7(3) of the transitional arrangements). To recap, the Xstrata decision dealt with an old-order mining right that had been converted into a (new) mining right and the effect of these statutory changes on rights to royalties which accrued to a former holder of mineral rights by virtue of a mineral lease. 

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