scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN WANITA DAN TANAH ADAT MINANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Azima Azima

<p><em>In the Minang community, women are considered as holders of trust and all decisions related to the use of their typical land are still dependent on the decisions of the adat leaders. In another sense, a woman is justified in possessing but the property given to her is pregnant soon (Norhalim Ibrahim 2005). Indigenous women will be grouped with land ownership but in terms of power and rights to land still controlled by traditional leaders. The lack of power in the context of managing and using customary land has led to various issues that have touched indigenous lands. The issue is the issue of customary land that is not cultivated and has become widespread. Therefore, this study aims to examine how indigenous women become hindered as a result of the boundaries held by them. Therefore, in-depth interviews with customary land owners in the study area were conducted. The study found that there were a number of obstacles that hindered efforts to capture indigenous women. Because of the allocation of Enakmen Chapter 215 customary land, conflicts between trustees and tribes, it is difficult to obtain credit facilities and the location of customary land. This situation eventually pushed to the limits of efforts to wake up the economy of women. The lack of power resulting from limited property rights makes the economic empowerment of indigenous women not easy to handle. Thus some changes in the context of traditional leadership must need to think about the relevance of ownership that is more utilizing the owner, but in the same period it does not conflict with the existence of the Minang ethnic and ethnic groups.</em></p><p><em>Dalam masyarakat Minang wanita dianggap sebagai pemegang amanah dan segala keputusan berkait dengan urusan pemakaian tanah khasnya masih lagi tergantung kepada keputusan pemimpin adat. Dalam erti lain, seseorang wanita itu dibenarkan memiliki tetapi hakmilik yang diberikan kepadanya adalah hamilik terhad </em><em>(Norhalim Ibrahim 2005).  </em><em> Wanita adat akan  diompokkan dengan pemilikan tanah tetapi dari segi kuasa dan hak terhadap tanah masih dikuasai oleh pemimpin adat.  Ketiadaan kuasa dalam konteks mengurus dan memakai tanah adat menyebabkan timbul pelbagai isu yang menyentuh tanah adat. Antaranya adalah isu tanah adat yang tidak diusahakan dan menjadi terbiar. Oleh yang demikian kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana pemerkasaan wanita adat menjadi terhalang akibat daripada sekatan pegangan yang dimiliki oleh mereka.  Oleh itu indepth interview dengan pemilik tanah adat  di kawasan kajian dilakukan. Dapatan kajian mendapati terdapat beberapa halangan yang menghalang usaha untuk memperkasakan wanita adat.  Antaranya peruntukan tanah adat Enakmen Bab 215, konflik antara pemegang amanah dan keberadaan suku, kesukaran mendapatkan kemudahan kredit dan lokasi tanah adat.  Keadaan ini akhirnya mendorong kepada batasan terhadap usaha membangunkan ekonomi wanita.  Ketiadaan kuasa akibat daripada hak milik yang terhad menjadikan  usaha pemberdayaan ekonomi wanita adat menjadi tidak mudah untuk ditangani.  Oleh demikian beberapa perubahan dalam konteks kepimpinan adat harus perlu memikirkan kerelevanan pemilikan yang lebih memanfaatkan pemilik namun dalam masa yang sama tidak mempertikaian keberadaan suku dan etnik minang.</em></p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: Indigenous women, empowerment, ownership of land, land ownership and pregnancy</em></p><div><em><br /></em></div>

Author(s):  
Hengki Firmanda

The purpose of this study was to describe the ownership status of Soko land in the Indigenous People of the Bendang Tribe, Kampar, Riau; and explain the settlement of the transfer dispute over the ownership of Soko Land to the Indigenous People of the Bendang Tribe, Kampar, Riau. The existence of indigenous peoples will not be separated from their customary lands. The existence of indigenous peoples will be determined by ownership of their customary land. Indigenous people will not be called indigenous peoples without owning their customary land. This type of research is sociological legal research, namely research in the form of empirical studies to find theories about the process of occurrence and the process of working the law in society. The results of this study are, the status of ownership of Soko land in the indigenous people of the kampar tribe of the kampar district is attached to the community that has a maternal lineage. The transfer of ownership of soko land to the indigenous people of the dam tribe of Kampar District is the transfer of ownership of land between generations according to lineage and the transfer of land ownership to the settlement of land disputes.


2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIFER M. I. LOH ◽  
RAYINI DAHESIHSARI

The development of female entrepreneurs in Indonesia is an integral part of Muslim women's economic contributions and empowerment. However, there is a lack of reliable research about female entrepreneurship and how gender may affect the experiences of business ownership in Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the challenges encountered by these women entrepreneurs on a daily basis. Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 female Indonesian entrepreneurs. Participants were recruited using theoretical and maximum variation sampling techniques. Content analysis was then used to analyze the data. Results revealed high levels of variations, both within and between women, suggesting that the quality of business entrepreneurship and success depended largely on the personal characteristics of these women, rather than on any system of formal education or training. This study also found that many women displayed resilient coping strategies when dealing with business failures. As a consequence, they were able to thrive despite restrictive social, cultural and political constraints. The paper highlights the importance of the experiences of female entrepreneurs in a developing country and the need to integrate the development of female entrepreneurship as a part of women empowerment effort.


2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Ahmad Suhendra

This article discusses land ownership from the perspective of tradition, especially the tradition of the revival of the dead earth (Iḥya ‘al-Mawāt). This relates to the land conflicts that often occur, so it requires a religious perspective in land ownership. Therefore, the issue raised is how the ownership of land in the Hadith? How Hadith provide a solution to the land dispute? To answer it used historical approach, hermeneutic, and sociology. Turns ownership in Islam there are three, namely individual ownership, common ownership and state ownership. Islam recognizes individual ownership is perfect (al-milk al-tāmm) and imperfect (al-milk al-nāqis). Criteria of land ownership in the Hadith oriented aspects of justice and benefits (maslaḥlah). Hadith Iḥya ‘al-Mawāt give you an idea that the Prophet prevent conflicts caused by land disputes by explaining the status and ownership of land with cultural framework. Efforts were made persuasively by a cultural approach, in addition to the structural approach.[Artikel ini membahas tentang kepemilikan tanah dari perspektif tradisi, terutama tradisi kebangkitan kembali bumi yang mati (Iḥya ‘al-Mawāt). Hal ini berkaitan dengan konflik tanah yang kerap terjadi, sehingga membutuhkan perspektif agama dalam kepemilikan tanah. Karena itu, masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana kepemilikan tanah dalam Hadis? Bagaimana Hadis memberikan solusi terhadap sengketa tanah? Untuk menjawabnya digunakan pendekatan historis, hermeneutik, dan sosiologi. Ternyata kepemilikan dalam Islam ada tiga, yaitu kepemilikan individu, kepemilikan bersama dan kepemilikan negara. Islam mengakui kepemilikan individu sempurna (al-milk al- tāmm) dan tidak sempurna (al-milk al-nāqis). Kriteria kepemilikan tanah dalam hadis berorientasi aspek keadilan dan tunjangan (maslaḥlah). Hadis Iḥya ‘al-Mawāt memberi Anda gagasan bahwa Nabi  mencegah  konflik yang  disebabkan  oleh  sengketa  tanah  dengan  menjelaskan  status  dan kepemilikan tanah dengan kerangka budaya. Upaya dilakukan secara persuasif dengan pendekatan budaya, disamping pendekatan struktural.]


Author(s):  
Arsalan A Diamaoden ◽  
Marwah M. Camama ◽  
Haimanah R. Abdulhakim ◽  
Wedad U. Ramos-Minodar ◽  
Zahiya B. Hadji Salih

 Islam is a practical religion where it does not stop at laying down certain principles. As in the case of land ownership, Islam ordained a system which provides people, both individual and social ownership rights are addressed equally. This paper attempts to examine the impact of Islamic principles on the values and practices of some Mёranaw land owners in Malabang, Lanao del Sur. This is also to find out the depth of awareness of the land owners regarding ownership and management from the Islamic perspective. The study aimed to further raise the awareness that Islam is not just a religion which calls for peace, but also aimed to address the needs of humanity with its spiritual, moral, economic and social systems.              The researchers used a qualitative research using the narrative approach. Field-based research was undertaken from focused group discussion, ocular visits to the area and personal interviews with the informants, including land owners, descendants, managers, and tenants. The general finding of the research concludes the land owners were aware that private ownership of land and property is not ‘absolute’ right rather it is a form of trusteeship given by God. And, there is a significant correlation between religion and values.  Thus, the influence of religion on land ownership and management has a great impact on shaping the beliefs and practices of the land owners which resulted peace within the community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
E. A. A. Kwesi ◽  
O. Simpson ◽  
J. K. Lawerty ◽  
A. Mends ◽  
C. Assencher ◽  
...  

Boundary resurveys have become necessary in most mining communities of Ghana, especially, Tarkwa and its environs due to pressure and alteration in land use and land cover by mining operations. Most of the boundary markers (pillars, trees, streams, hills, valleys, footpaths, etc.) used in the past have been destroyed by mining and other associated activities. This has led to many disputes about ground boundaries and ownership of land tracts in the area. To curb the incidences of such conflicts, it has become important to have more reliable and scientific demarcations and surveys of the old boundaries and owners of land tracts in the area for registration, using modern technologies in land surveying. Equipment and methods used over a century ago to mark and describe land boundaries in the area have become obsolete now, and modern equipment and methods, while capable of measuring to very high precisions, cannot automatically give or tell the right boundaries and owners of land tracts established centuries ago. This paper examines the land boundaries situation in the study area, the impacts of mining on this, the need for boundary retracement surveys, the challenges that the rampant destruction of boundary markers in mining communities pose to such resurveys, and offers suggestions on dealing with these challenges in the management of land in the area.  It also provides helpful information to land owners, land ‘buyers’ and land surveyors on the effects of the boundary problems on land transactions, surveys and registration in mining areas.   Keywords: Surface Mining, Boundary Markers, Retracement Surveys, Land Conflicts, Management


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Mispa Christian Science Paisina ◽  
Adonia Ivone Laturette ◽  
Novyta Uktolseja

Introductioan: The Western Seram Islands have various customary rights that grow and develop in the lives of indigenous peoples and it becomes a rule that is believed by them, so that it becomes a law that binds them in determining their ownership rights to their customary land.Purposes of the Research: This study aims to determine how the position of customary land ownership rights in the national land law system, and what is the legal basis and the way in which customary land ownership rights occur according to customary law.Methods of the Research: This study uses the normative legal research method, which aims to find out how the position of ownership rights over customary land in the national land law system in the areas of Taniwel Timur, Negeri Maloang and Negeri Sohuwe, West Seram Regency, Maluku Province, and to understand what the legal basis and How to Have Land Ownership Rights According to Customary Law in the Taniwel Timur District, Maloang State and Sohuwe State, West Seram Regency, Maluku Province.Results of the Research: In principle, ownership of land rights by a member or group of customary law communities, whether individual or communal / group, has a very binding power de jure and de facto. The principle of ownership in the provision of de jure guarantees in the sense that the customary law community recognizes that if ownership rights are obtained by means of the permission of the head of the association (Kepala Adat or Kepala Soa), to open and manage land for customary law communities it can be said to be a legal act that is legal according to law. adat as long as it does not contradict the prevailing customary law norms, and the principle of ownership in a de facto manner, namely that the principle of ownership has been obtained from generation to generation. This is what the local government must pay attention to in terms of recognition of rights by customary law communities in West Seram District, Maluku Province.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 867-876
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Yenkong Sobseh ◽  
◽  
Willibroaddze- Ngwa ◽  

This paper examines the challenges of land tenure insecurity and land conflicts in the Bamenda Grassfields of Cameroon. Colonial and later, postcolonial governments of Cameroon introduced different and most often, conflicting land policies. These divergent land policies, later on, replaced collective ownership of land with private ownership. This paper, focuses on the different causes of land tenure insecurity such as inequality, outside encroachment, and common property challenges. It also tackles the measure causes of land conflicts such as multiple land sales, land scarcity, population growth, poor boundary demarcation, land laws and contested records of land conflicts. Despite these challenges, land tenure security was achieved through customary land, state land and individual titling. However, the case study between Bali Nyonga and Bawock demonstrates efforts by different parties to confront, manage and resolve land dispute. Based on a wide range of primary and secondary sources, this paper argues that, land tenure insecurity and land disputes have benefitted the rich, and fostered social inequalities. The study concludes that, despite the lessons and opportunities for intervention advanced, land tenure insecurity and land conflicts in Cameroon could only be overcome, if the present structures and institutions of land management are modernized and restructured by stakeholders to benefit the majority.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Dwi Anggraeni ◽  
Teuku Kemal Fasya ◽  
Abdullah Akhyar Nasution

This article has the theme of land conversion or gentrification that occurred in Tanjung Tongah Village, Martoba District, Pematangsiantar City. In depth, this study will observe and analyze the background of the gentrification process at the research location. This research uses qualitative social methods that are descriptive in nature with observation techniques, in-depth interviews, documentation study and literature study. The results showed that there are several factors behind the occurrence of gentrification in Tanjung Tongah Village, including unclear land ownership status by the community, factors of urban development and urbanization as well as factors of economic turmoil experienced by land owners. Abstrak:  Artikel ini bertema alih fungsi lahan atau gentrifikasi yang terjadi di kelurahan Tanjung Tongah, Kecamatan Martoba, Kota Pematangsiantar. Secara mendalam penelitian ini akan mengamati dan menganalisis latarbelakang terjadinya proses gentrifikasi di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sosial kualitatif yang bersifat deskriftif dengan teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa hal yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya gentrifikasi di Kelurahan Tanjung Tongah, di antaranya status kepemilikan lahan yang tidak jelas oleh masyarakat, faktor pembangunan kota dan urbanisasi serta faktor gejolak ekonomi yang dialami oleh masyarakat pemilik lahan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Nirmal Bhandari

This article is about community mobilization in microcredit as a tool of women empowerment. It argues that women empowerment is a process and community mobilization is a tool for women empowerment process through micro-credit programs. This article is based on the views of selected key informants’ information through participant observation and a case study at Mahadevsthan Village in Dhading. Three local NGO managers and their three beneficiaries were conveniently selected for the sampling purpose. The main argument of the article shows that most of the females who received microcredit finally got socio-economic empowerment through acquiring access to capital, control over resources, self-esteem, confidence, decision-making power.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihan Khairunnisa

Land ownership for Indonesian citizens the result of mixed marriages without marriage agreement Indonesian citizen can only use the use rights and lease rights to buildings in the ownership of land. This study uses a normative juridical approach. It can be concluded that according to Law No. 5/1960 for Indonesian citizens, mixed marriages may own land with a status other than use rights and lease rights to buildings if there is a marriage agreement before or at the time of marriage. However, after the Constitutional Court ruling number 69 / PUU-XIII / 2015 gave a breath of fresh air for mixed marriages to still be able to receive their constitutional rights by making marriage agreements during the marriage.


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