scholarly journals Risque cardiovasculaire chez les adultes vivant avec le virus d’immunodéficience humaine et sous traitement antirétroviral à Parakou au Bénin

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-224
Author(s):  
Cossi Angelo Attinsounon ◽  
Léopold Houétondji Codjo ◽  
Lawani Mohamed Ahouansou ◽  
Serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou ◽  
Adébayo Alassani ◽  
...  

Les personnes vivant avec le Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humain (VIH) présentent des complications métaboliques qui sont généralement multifactorielles. Elles sont associées à un risque élevé de morbidité et de mortalité cardiovasculaires. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer le niveau de risque cardiovasculaire et les facteurs associés chez les personnes vivant avec le VIH. Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique conduite sur une période de six mois allant du 1er Février au 31 Juillet 2016. Un recrutement systématique a permis d’inclure des patients âgés de plus de 15 ans, VIH positif, sous traitement antirétroviral et suivis à l’hôpital universitaire départemental de Borgou. Le risque cardiovasculaire (RCV) a été évalué selon le score de Framingham qui a permis de classer les patients en deux groupes : les patients ayant un RCV mineur (score < 10%) et ceux ayant un RCV majeur (score ≥ 10%). La régression binominale en analyse univariée et multivariée a été utilisée pour identifier les facteurs associés au risque cardiovasculaire. Tous les tests statistiques ont été réalisés avec un seuil de significativité de 5% et un intervalle de confiance de 95%. Au total, 215 PVVIH ont été inclus dans cette étude sur les 2365 patients suivis au CHUD Borgou. L’âge moyen était de 43,65 ± 11,38 ans avec les extrêmes de 19 et 75 ans. Le sexe féminin était prédominant (146 soit 67,91%) avec une sex-ratio (H/F) de 0,47. Un risque cardiovasculaire majeur était présent chez 56 patients (26,05%). Les facteurs associés au RCV majeur en analyse univariée étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,019), la consommation du tabac (p = 0,003), le diabète (p < 0,001), l’hypertension artérielle (p < 0,001), le syndrome métabolique (p < 0,001) et l’exposition à l’association Lopinavir/ritonavir (p = 0,011). La prise de Zidovudine avait un effet protecteur (p = 0,008). En analyse multivariée, les facteurs associés au RCV majeur étaient le sexe féminin (p = 0,0001), le tabagisme (p = 0,02) et la présence du diabète (p = 0,0003). Les patients infectés par le VIH suivis à Parakou présentent plusieurs facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire. Ce risque doit être prévenu par la prescription des mesures hygiéno-diététiques et l’instauration d’un suivi cardiologique régulier. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Mots clés: VIH, Risque cardiovasculaire, traitement antirétroviral, Parakou English Title: Cardiovascular risk in adults living with the human immunodeficiency virus and on antiretroviral therapy in Parakou English Abstract People living with HIV have metabolic complications that are usually multifactorial. They are associated with a high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the level of cardiovascular risk and associated factors in people living with HIV. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytically study conducted from February to July 2016 at the Teaching and Regional Hospital of Borgou. Systematic enrolment included patients older than 15 years, HIV positive, and followed up under antiretroviral therapy. Cardiovascular risk (CVR) was assessed according to the Framingham score, which classified patients into two groups: patients with a minor CVR (score <10%) and those with a major CVR (score ≥ 10%). Binomial regression in univariate and multivariate analysis are used to identify associated factors with cardiovascular risk. A total of 215 PLHIV were included in this study on the 2365 patients monitored at CHUD Borgou. The average age was 43.65 ± 11.38 years. Females were predominant (146, 67.91%) with a sex-ratio of 0.47. A major cardiovascular risk was present in 56 patients (26.05%). The factors associated with major CVR in univariate analysis were female gender (p = 0.019), tobacco use (p = 0.003), diabetes (p < 0.001), high blood pressure (p < 0.001), metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), and exposure to lopinavir/ritonavir combination (p = 0.011). Exposure to zidovudine had a protective effect (p = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, factors associated with major CVR were female gender (p = 0.0001), smoking (p = 0.02), and presence of diabetes (p = 0.0003). HIV-infected patients in Parakou have several cardiovascular risk factors. This risk must be prevented by prescribing diet and lifestyle measures and instituting regular cardiological follow-up. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Keywords: HIV, cardiovascular risk, antiretroviral therapy, Parakou

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Xiao-Wen Zhang ◽  
Bin Liao ◽  
Jun Liang ◽  
Wen-Jie He ◽  
...  

Abstract Background People living with HIV/AIDS not only require effective treatment for the alleviation of physical discomfort but also require social support to help them address difficulties in life and relieve their psychological anxiety and uneasiness. The social support network is of tremendous importance in helping people living with HIV/AIDS maintain good physical and mental health. This study aims to analyse the social support status among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming and explore associated factors. Method The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling to select people living with HIV/AIDS from 14 counties of Kunming. It collected information on general demographic information and social support status. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the associated factors. Results A total of 990 valid questionnaires were completed. Data from all participants were analysed. Univariate analysis suggested that the factors associated with social support may include marital status, monthly income, and antiretroviral therapy. On the other hand, factors including monthly income and antiretroviral therapy accounted for the social support total score in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming was generally low. This study identified a number of factors associated with social support among people living with HIV/AIDS. Based on our findings, appropriate interventions should be introduced to provide social support for those living with HIV/AIDS.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Li ◽  
Xiao Wen Zhang ◽  
Bin Liao ◽  
Jun Liang ◽  
Wen Jie He ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: People living with HIV/AIDS not only require effective treatment for the alleviation of physical discomfort but also require social support to help them address difficulties in life and relieve their psychological anxiety and uneasiness. The social support network is of tremendous importance in helping people living with HIV/AIDS maintain good physical and mental health. This study aims to analyse the social support status among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming and explore associated factors.Method: The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling to select people living with HIV/AIDS from 14 counties of Kunming. It collected information on general demographic information and social support status. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the associated factors.Results: A total of 990 valid questionnaires were completed. Data from all participants were analysed. Univariate analysis suggested that the factors associated with social support may include marital status, monthly income, and antiretroviral therapy. On the other hand, factors including monthly income and antiretroviral therapy accounted for the social support total score in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion: Social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming was generally low. This study identified a number of factors associated with social support among people living with HIV/AIDS. Based on our findings, appropriate interventions should be introduced to provide social support for those living with HIV/AIDS.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Belayihun ◽  
Rahma Negus

Introduction. Antiretroviral Therapy has transformed HIV infection into a chronic manageable disease; it requires near perfect adherence rates (as high as 95%). In this study, we assessed antiretroviral treatment adherence rate and associated factors among people living with HIV in Dubti Hospital. Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted within February 1–30, 2014. All HIV-infected patients above the age of 18 years who took first line Antiretroviral Therapy were eligible for inclusion of the study. Adherence Scale was used for labeling patients as adherent or nonadherent. All HIV-infected patients record data were collected from the medical records, entered, and analyzed using Epi Info 7 and SPSS Version 20. Multivariable analysis was used to identify the relative effect of explanatory variables on low adherence rate. Results. A total of 370 patients aged 18 years and above, who started ART, were included in this study. The self-reported adherence rate of the patient on ART was 81.1%. Independent predictors of adherence were treatment duration. Conclusion. Adherence rate was associated with time to ART. That is, the longer they were on ART, the lesser they adhered.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supanat Thitipatarakorn ◽  
Tanat Chinbunchorn ◽  
Jitsupa Peelay ◽  
Pich Seekaew ◽  
Sorawit Amatavete ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Viral hepatitis is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLHIV) and can lead to chronic liver complications. Thailand started universal hepatitis B vaccination at birth in 1992. We explored prevalence rates of hepatitis B and C and associated factors among PLHIV from same-day antiretroviral therapy (SDART) service at the Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic, Bangkok, Thailand. Methods We collected baseline characteristics from PLHIV enrolled in the SDART service between July 2017 and November 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to determine factors associated with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV). Results We included a total of 4,011 newly diagnosed PLHIV who had HBsAg or anti-HCV results at baseline. Included were 2,941 men who have sex with men (MSM; 73.3%), 851 general population (21.2%), 215 transgender women (TGW; 5.4%), and 4 transgender men (0.1%). Median age was 27 years. Overall seroprevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV were 6.0% and 4.1%, respectively. Subgroup prevalence rates were 6.2% and 4.7% among MSM, 4.6% and 2.4% among general population, and 9.3% and 3.7% among TGW. Factors associated with HBsAg positivity were being MSM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13 to 2.40), being TGW (aOR 2.87, 95% CI 1.60 to 5.17), birth year before 1992 (aOR 2.32, 95% CI 1.69 to 3.16), CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 (aOR 1.38, 95% CI 1.03, 1.86), and alanine aminotransferase ≥ 62.5 U/L (aOR 2.39, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.43). Factors associated with anti-HCV positivity were being MSM (aOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.26 to 3.55), age > 30 years (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.17), alanine aminotransferase ≥ 62.5 U/L (aOR 7.74, 95% CI 5.48 to 10.9), creatinine clearance < 60 ml/min (aOR 5.58, 95% CI 1.95 to 16.0), and having syphilis (aOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.78). Conclusions Around 5–10% of newly diagnosed PLHIV in Bangkok had hepatitis B infection after 25 years of universal vaccination. Anti-HCV positivity was found in 4–5% of PLHIV who were MSM and TGW. Every PLHIV should be routinely tested for hepatitis B and C and immediately linked to appropriate prevention and treatment interventions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Lubega ◽  
Billy Mayanja ◽  
Joseph Lutaakome ◽  
Andrew Abaasa ◽  
Rebecca Thomson ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Negromonte Azevedo ◽  
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes ◽  
Polyana Monteiro ◽  
Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos ◽  
Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho

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