scholarly journals Diversité et importance socio-économique des Loranthaceae parasites des plantes ligneuses des Monts Mandara dans la Région de l’Extrême-Nord, Cameroun

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 578-593
Author(s):  
Djibrilla Mana ◽  
Souare Konsala ◽  
Ibrahima Adamou
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Far North ◽  
Troubles Mentaux ◽  
African Populations

Les Loranthaceae constituent des ressources précieuses pour les populations locales africaines. Cependant, peu d’ethnies connaissent l’importance socio-économique des Loranthaceae de par le manque d’études ethnobotaniques sur ces espèces. Afin de contribuer à la valorisation et à la gestion durable des Loranthaceae parasites des plantes ligneuses, une approche associant deux méthodes a été adoptée. L’une, basée sur des relevés de surface et l’autre sur une enquête ethnobotanique relative aux connaissances locales des Loranthaceae dans 9 Arrondissements de la Région de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun. Au total, 4 genres (Agelanthus, Globimetula, Phragmanthera et Tapinanthus) et 7 espèces parasites (Agelanthus dodoneifolius, Globimetula braunii, Phragmanthera capitata, Tapinanthus bangwensis, T. belvisii, T. globiferus et T. ophiodes) ont été inventoriés et identifiés dans les Monts Mandara. Il ressort aussi que ces espèces parasites sont utilisées en pharmacopée dans des recettes médicinales et magico-religieuses (45,56%), pour traiter des infertilités (32,70%) et des troubles mentaux (32,36%). Les résultats ont aussi montré que Mangifera indica (35,74%) et Senna singueana (34,41%) sont les hôtes des parasites les plus sollicités. Aussi ont-ils révélé que la commercialisation des Loranthaceae constitue une source de revenu économique et une ressource importante en pharmacopée pour les populations locales des Monts Mandara. Ces résultats pourraient servir de référence pour la recherche de stratégies d’exploitation et de conservation durable de cette diversité végétale.Mots clés : Loranthaceae, Espèces parasites, pharmacopée, Monts Mandara, Cameroun.   English Title: Diversity and socio-economic importance of Loranthaceae parasites of woody plants of Mandara Mountains in the Far-North Region, Cameroon Loranthaceae are valuable resources for local African populations. However, few ethnic groups know the socio-economic importance of Loranthaceae due to the lack of ethnobotanical studies on these species. In order to contribute to the enhancement and sustainable management of Loranthaceae parasites of woody plants, an approach combining two methods was adopted. One, based on surface surveys and the other on an ethnobotanical survey relating to local knowledge of Loranthaceae in 9 Subdivisions of the Far North Region of Cameroon. In total, 4 genera (Agelanthus, Globimetula, Phragmanthera and Tapinanthus) and 7 parasitic species (Agelanthus dodoneifolius, Globimetula braunii, Phragmanthera capitata, Tapinanthus bangwensis, T. belvisii, T. globiferus and T. ophiodes) have been inventoried on the Mandara Mountains. It also appears that these parasitic species are used in pharmacopoeia in medicinal and magico-religious recipes (45.56%), to treat infertility (32.70%) and mental disorders (32.36%). The results also showed that Mangifera indica (35.74%) and Senna singueana (34.41%) are the hosts of most solicited parasites. They also revealed that the commercialisation of Loranthaceae constitutes a source of economic income and an important resource in pharmacopoeia for the local populations of the Mandara Mountains. These results could serve as a reference of strategies for the sustainable exploitation and conservation of this plant diversity.Keywords: Loranthaceae, parasitic species, pharmacopoeia, Mandara mountains, Cameroon.

scholarly journals Orchid’s diversity at Tepequém’s Tepuy, Roraima, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Sanna Rocha Nobrega ◽  
Francisco Joaci De Freitas Luz ◽  
Jane Maria Franco de Oliveira ◽  
Wellington Farias Araújo ◽  
Silvio Garcia Tomé
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Far North ◽  
Indigenous Lands ◽  
A Site

The Orchidaceae family is one of the largest among the angiosperm, with more than 27000 species, 2,500 is endemic to Brazil, 871 species are found in the Brazilian Amazon. In the far north of Brazil, in the state of Roraima, is located the Tepequém Mountains, a Tepuy – mountain top with table shape – with relictual vegetation due to prolonged isolation. Historically, Tepequém was a site of diamond exploration, which caused changes in the landscape. However, with mining decay, ecotourism became the main economic activity. About 68% of Roraima’s territory is composed of conservation areas and indigenous lands, and the Tepequém Mountain is the only Tepuy found outside the protected areas. Thus, this study aims to describe the orchid flora found at Tepequém’s Tepuy, an area of ecological and economic importance for Roraima’s ecotourism. The survey was carried out through expeditions between the years of 2013-2015. The species were photographed, harvested and taken to Embrapa Roraima for identification, exsiccate confection and/or cultivation. The exsiccatae were deposited at Roraima’s Integrated Museum (Museu Integrado de Roraima – MIRR) and the Federal University of Roraima (Universidade Federal de Roraima – UFRR). Any orchid species deposited by other collectors was also considered. Thus, 20 genera and 34 species were registered at Tepequém. The genera with largest representation were the Epidendrum (7 spp.), Scaphyglottis (4 spp.) and Habenaria (3 spp.), with 70% of the other genera presenting one species only. 10% of Roraima’s orchid’s diversity is found at Tepequém. The diversity of habitats – forest, campina and savannah – found at Tepequém’s Tepuy allows the Orchidaceae species diversity and the unique flora with low similarities to other floristic surveys.

La gestion forestière écosystémique multifonctionnelle et son importance pour la biodiversité (essai) | Multifunctional forest ecosystem management and its importance for biodiversity (essay)

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (8) ◽  
pp. 311-315
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Schütz ◽  
Brice de Turckheim
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Basic Principle ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Gestion Forestière ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Management

The basic principle of Pro Silva silviculture is to be multifunctional and to seek to combine into a harmonious whole all the benefits provided by the forest. It is thus a management system constantly adapted to follow the evolution of different needs and requirements. On the occasion of the International Year of Biodiversity, it is here explained why this form of management meets in an optimal manner the interests of biodiversity without however pushing into the background the other functions, in particular carbon management. Intrinsically it corresponds to the principles of sustainable management, maintaining the balance between economic, social and ecological interests.

scholarly journals Compatibility of Bt biopesticides and adjuvants for Spodoptera frugiperda control

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cicero Antônio Mariano dos Santos ◽  
Joacir do Nascimento ◽  
Kelly Cristina Gonçalves ◽  
Giovani Smaniotto ◽  
Leonardo de Freitas Zechin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bt Crops

AbstractSpodoptera frugiperda is a pest of economic importance for several crops with resistance reports to Bt crops and pesticides. Eco-friendly Bt biopesticides may be an alternative to chemical insecticides due to their selectivity and specificity. However, the efficacy of Bt biopesticides may be influenced by the association with other chemicals, such as adjuvants. This study evaluated the compatibility and toxicity of Bt biopesticides mixed with adjuvants for the control of S. frugiperda. The treatments included the association of Dipel SC and Dipel PM with adjuvants. Compatibility tests were used to evaluate the Bt mixture. Bt suspensions obtained from mixtures of Bt and adjuvants at 106 and 3 × 108 spores/mL−1 were used to evaluate S. frugiperda mortality and distilled water was used as the control. The addition of the adjuvant LI increased growth and sporulation, indicating compatibility with Bt biopesticides. The other adjuvants were toxic to reducing Bt growth and sporulation. Only the mixture of Bt with LI and Bt alone was effective to S. frugiperda. The addition of adjuvants to Bt biopesticide affect the Bt sporulation, growth and mortality.

Notes on two Locusts of minor economic Importance in the Sudan

1932 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mutual Independence ◽  
Gregarious Locusts ◽  
Distinguishing Character

The so-called short-horned locusts are frequently, for convenience sake, regarded as comprising two classes: the true locusts (Arabic: Girad) and the short-horned grasshoppers (Arabic : Gabura). It is difficult, however, to find definitions of these classes by means of which every species may be correctly assigned to its true place. The swarming habits of the true locust are often cited as connoting this class only, involving, as these habits do, the periodical appearance of excessive numbers of both hoppers and adults. Moreover the true locust is gregarious, in that the hoppers move in bands from one place to another, and the adults fly in vast swarms often over long distances. The fact that the grasshoppers are solitary in habit and manifest mutual independence of action is often taken as their chief distinguishing character. There is no doubt that these features do partly separate these two classes of insects from each other, but there are certain species which appear to occupy a position intermediate between the two. One normally solitary may, in certain circumstances, multiply rapidly and give rise to hoppers, which in certain respects act like those true locusts. Moreover the winged adults may undertake short massed flights resembling the migrations of swarms. On the other hand the fact, now fully established, that most true gregarious locusts have their solitary forms, which never associate, places even them in this respect with the grasshoppers.

scholarly journals Influence of chitosan coatings with citric essential oil on the shelf-life of minimally processed mango (Mangifera indica L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 7679-7688
Author(s):  
Fabián Rico Rodríguez ◽  
Carolina Gutiérrez Cortés ◽  
Consuelo Díaz Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Sensory Acceptance

Demand for minimally processed fruits have increased due to their nutritional value and an increasing change in consumption habits. Physicochemical, microbiological, structural and sensory changes were determined in minimally processed mangoes (MPM) with chitosan (CH) edible coatings and lemon and orange essential oils (EOL). The MPM was first dipped in citric acid and a texturizing solution and then dipped in CH and lemon or orange EOL coatings. Weight loss, sensory acceptance, total soluble solids, total acidity, ascorbic acid, color changes, firmness and elasticity, and microbiological changes were quantified for 11 days of refrigerated storage. The CH and lemon EOL coating had more acceptance than the other treatments. No differences were found (p>0.05) for weight loss, total acidity, ascorbic acid, firmness or elasticity. There was a high amount of total phenols due to the EOL composition, as well as a high antioxidant capacity in the early days of storage. This characteristic decreased in the final days of the study. There was a decrease in the microbial charge for the lemon EOL treatment, as compared to the other samples. The CH and lemon EOL coating helped to maintain the shelf-life of the MPM for 11 days of storage without affecting the sensory acceptance. The CH and Orange EOL coating did not have an effect on the MPM physicochemical attributes; however, the sensory acceptance was negatively affected with off-flavors conferred to the MPM.

scholarly journals Valorisation des ressources naturelles dans les zones agroforestières : cas d’Irvingia gabonensis (Aubrey-Lecomte ex O’Rorke) Baill. (Irvingiaceae) dans la région de l’Agnéby-Tiassa au sud de la Côte d’Ivoire

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 8785-8792
Author(s):  
KOUADIO Yao Lambert ◽  
NEUBA Danho Fursy-Rodelec ◽  
KONE Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis

Ce travail évalue l’importance socio-économique d’Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae) ou le manguier sauvage dans la région de l’Agnéby-Tiassa dans le sud de la Côte d’Ivoire. À cet effet, un inventaire de la population a été réalisé dans les zones agroforestières en particulier dans les cacaoyères afin de déterminer la perception de cette espèce par cinq groupes socio-culturels. Les différents usages et la rentabilité économique issue de la vente des amandes ont été également recherchés. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, la valeur d’usage ethnobotanique des différents organes, le taux de réponse des individus enquêtés et de la marge brute de commercialisation a été recherché. L’inventaire a permis de recenser seulement 26 pieds de I. gabonensis chez 35 paysans. Les travaux ont révélé deux usages principaux chez les Agnis, les Baoulés, les Groussis, les Malinkés et les Morés. Il s’agit de la consommation des amandes connue par 100% des enquêtés et de l’usage thérapeutique de l’écorce connue par seulement 10% de l’échantillon. Les investigations ont montré une marge brute de commercialisation moyenne de 27%. Des travaux complémentaires devront être réalisés pour valoriser d’avantage l’écorce et les feuilles. Aussi, nous préconisons le semis de graines ou le maintien de sauvageons dans les zones dégradées des cacaoyères en vue d’une gestion durable de cette ressource. SUMMARY This work assesses the socio-economic importance of Irvingia gabonensis (Irvingiaceae) or the wild mango tree in the Agnéby-Tiassa region in the south of the Ivory Coast. To this end, a population inventory was carried out in agroforestry areas, in particular in cocoa trees in order to determine the perception of this species by five socio-cultural groups. The different uses and the economic profitability resulting from the sale of almonds were also investigated. To achieve these objectives, the ethnobotanical use value of the different organs, the response rate of the individuals surveyed and the gross marketing margin were researched. The inventory identified only 26 stems of I. gabonensis among 35 farmers. The work revealed two main uses among the Agnis, the Baoulés, the Groussis, the Malinkés and the Morés. This is the consumption of almonds known by 100% of the respondents and the therapeutic use of the bark known by only 10% of the sample. Investigations showed an average gross marketing margin of 27%. Additional work will have to be made out to further enhance the bark and leaves. Also, we recommend the sowing of seeds or the maintenance of wildlings in degraded areas of cocoa trees with a view to sustainable management of this resource.

scholarly journals Catalogación, Digitalización y Valorización de las fortalezas defensivas de la frontera Galicia - norte de Portugal

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
José L. De Nicolás Sánchez ◽  
Mariana Correia ◽  
Juan A. Villasante
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Military History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Virtual Paths ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
The One

<p>The project, cofinanced by the line of the UE “INTERREG IIIA”, was focused, on the one hand, in Identification, Study, Cataloguing and Valuation of missing and preserved components of defensive fortifications, located in the geographical area under study. On the other hand were put up in virtual paths different fortifications that made up the defensive system. Besides, the foundations were laid for the development of sustainable Management Plans for the property, with the consequent strengthening of local identities and the improvement of the local tourist promotion. In popularization phase, a Database website was developed and it will be enriched by military history experts, and the results were announced in conferences and exhibitions.</p>

Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease by Traditional Medical Practitioners of Gbonyin Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
TI Famojuro ◽  
JO Moody
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey

Ethnobotanical survey was conducted on plants used traditionally for the management of sickle cell disease (SCD) in Gbonyin Local Government Area (LGA) of Ekiti State, South Western Nigeria. The study was conducted to document some of the medicinal plants used in the management of SCD with the aim of identifying possible drug leads from the phytomedicine of the area. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on the use of herbal remedies for the management of SCD. A total of 32 respondents were interviewed in this study. twenty of them were males while twelve were females with the age range of 25 to 70 years. A total of 44 plant species belonging to 44 genera and 30 families were identified to be useful for the management of SCD. The most prominent among these plant families (genera) are Anacardiaceae (Anacardium occidentalis, Mangifera indica, Spondias mombin), Euphorbiaceae (Croton lobatus, Jatropha gossypifolia, Plukeneta conophora) and Fabaceae (Cajanus cajan, Pterocarpus osun, Cassia siamea) with three species each. Eighty percent (80%) of the 32 respondents interviewed said that their clients did not report any side effect and that the herbs were either collected from the forest (where available) or purchased from the herb markets. In all, the commonest plant species among the recipes given by the respondents according to their Use Mention Index (UMI) include: Elaeis guineense Jacq., Arecaceae (0.124); Khaya grandifoliola C.DC., Meliaceae (0.094); Carica papaya L., Caricaceae(0.094); Hymenocardia acida Tul., Phyllanthaceae (0.094); Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae (0.094); Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Bullock, Asclepiadaceae (0.094) and Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich., Annonaceae (0.094).The main method of preparation is by decoction and in most cases, the preparation is taken orally twice to thrice daily. All the plants identified in this work have been used by most of the herbalists and adjudged to be efficacious in SCD management. The study concluded that the medicinal folklore of the Ekiti State LGA covered by this survey indicated high potential for drug discovery for the management of sickle cell disease.Keywords: Ethnobotany, Sickle Cell Disease, Traditional Medicine, Gbonyin LGA, Medicinal Plants

Wyniki oznaczeń taksonomicznych szczątków drewna

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-106
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Skrzyński
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Przeworsk Culture ◽  
High Share

A number of samples collected during exploration of archaeological features from the Przeworsk culture cremation cemetery were submitted for xylological examination. The samples contained poorly preserved charred remains of wood, which were subjected to taxonomic identification. Anthracological analyses allowed four taxa of woody plants to be identified, with the predominant share of remains belonging to Scots pine Pinus sylvestris. The high share of pine wood fragments may indicate selective acquisition of this species as a material for building funeral pyres. On the other hand, it may reflect the widespread occurrence of this species in the nearby forest communities, which were shaped by human activity.

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