scholarly journals Adaptation of the ADKAR Model to the Management of the Higher Education Student Loan Scheme in Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Hilary Tusiime Mukwenda

The financing of higher education through student loan schemes is a recent phenomenon in Uganda. It constitutes a major change in the financing of higher education in the country and, naturally, it has not been without controversy. Its processes have posed challenges to both its beneficiaries and implementers. For instance, the loan policy’s sustainability is yet to be guaranteed. It is with this understanding that this paper discusses how application of the ADKAR change management model can promote the performance and sustainability of the policy. Designed to help individuals and organisations, the model prescribes a five-step process towards adopting change and leveraging its power to bring about improvement by enhancing ability to confront new situations. In this paper, this process is proposed for ensuring effective disbursement of student loans, determination of interest rates and recovery of the loans from borrowers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Hillary A. Dachi

This study examined the mechanisms employed to finance student loans in Tanzania and who benefits and how. The findings show that student loans are financed by the public exchequer. The number of students fromhigh-income families accessing these loans is disproportionate to their representation in Higher Education Institutions, while the share for middle and low-income students reflects their representation. There is also animbalance between male and female beneficiaries across programmes, notably in the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) disciplines. It is concluded that such disparities are the result of the fact thatthe student loan scheme seeks to satisfy a number of government policy objectives in relation to higher education beyond access and equity, and that means testing is not rigorously conducted. Key words: Higher Education, higher education policy, financing higher education, higher education student loans, public subsidisation of higher education


2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Stokes ◽  
Sarah Wright

In a period of student loan scandals and U.S. financial market instability impacting on the cost and availability of student loans, this paper looks at alternative models of higher education funding. In this context, it also considers the level of financial support that the government should provide to higher education.


Author(s):  
Gift Masaiti ◽  
Kapambwe Mwelwa ◽  
Nelly Mwale

One of the current critical issues in higher education in Africa and globally is about making student loans available in a sustainable and cost-effective manner. The argument is more complicated for Africa because of the complexities associated with loan schemes and the general austerity that African countries find themselves in. This article presents a case study and conceptualizes the scenario of shifting government bursaries to a student loan scheme in Zambia’s higher education sector. Based on student views (N=729) and international experience, the article presents student reactions to the announcement of the implementation of the loan scheme in Zambia. Other issues explored in detail include cost-effectiveness and sustainability, loan conditionalities and forms of assistance to poor students. The article also highlights, and provokes policymakers with, questions on student loan schemes based on international experience. These are related to the modalities of who bears the ultimate risks; when and how to make the recoveries; and difficulties associated with “means testing” for would-be beneficiaries. The article uses quantitative methodological perspectives, in which “descriptive statistics” and “factor analysis” are employed. The major finding is that Zambian students are not opposed to the introduction of the student loan scheme, instead they see it as a cost-effective way of assisting students from a vulnerable background. The article strongly recommends exploring in detail the situation in other countries, so that all strengths and weaknesses are identified and carefully considered, before implementing the scheme. Un des problèmes les plus importants pour l’enseignement supérieur aujourd’hui en Afrique et dans le monde est de mettre à disposition des étudiants des systèmes de prêts qui soient durables et rentables. Le débat est particulièrement compliqué en Afrique à cause de la complexité des systèmes de prêts et de l’austérité générale à laquelle sont confrontés les pays africains. Cet article présente une étude de cas : il conceptualise le changement d’un système de bourses étudiantes à un système de prêts étudiants en Zambie. Cet article s’appuie sur l’opinion des étudiants (N=729) et l’expérience internationale pour présenter la réaction des étudiants zambiens à l’annonce de la mise en place d’un système de prêts. Il explore aussi en détails les problèmes suivants : la rentabilité et la durabilité, les conditions d’accès et les aides financières disponibles pour les étudiants pauvres. En s’appuyant sur l’expérience internationale, cet article souligne par ailleurs, dans le but de provoquer les législateurs, les questionnements associés aux systèmes de prêts étudiants. Cela inclut notamment la question de la personne qui assume le risque final, de quand et comment assurer le remboursement et des difficultés associées à l’évaluation des ressources des futurs bénéficiaires. Cet article utilise une méthodologie quantitative, plus précisément il emploie des statistiques descriptives et une analyse factorielle. La principale conclusion de cet article est que les étudiants zambiens ne sont pas opposés à l’instauration d’un système de prêts étudiants : ils considèrent au contraire que c’est une manière rentable d’aider les étudiants issus de milieux vulnérables. Cet article recommande fortement d’analyser de manière détaillée la situation dans d’autres pays pour identifier et examiner attentivement les forces et les faiblesses des systèmes de prêts avant de mettre en place un tel dispositif en Zambie. 


Author(s):  
Bruce Chapman ◽  
Lorraine Dearden

The rapid worldwide growth in higher education undergraduate enrollments since around 1990 has meant that governments have had to rethink provision and funding arrangements to help ensure both cost-effective and equitable outcomes. It is important to understand in detail the fundamental financial conceptual building blocks that are necessary for an efficacious and socially just higher education financing system. In response to the critical question of who should pay for higher education and student income support, the case for the sharing of the costs between students, graduates, and taxpayers is overwhelming from the perspectives of both efficiency and equity. Further, there is a consensus that governments should intervene with respect to the underwriting of student loans, but there are very important and quite different implications for borrowers with respect to loan collection arrangements. The most equitable and effective higher education financing instrument involves loans that are repaid only when and if debtors can afford to do so, known as income-contingent loans. The less desirable form of student loans, defined by time-based collection, is internationally still the most common approach, but recent advances in economic theory and econometric methodology provide both conceptual bases and exciting and innovative ways for governments to understand why traditional student loan approaches are inferior to income-contingent collection. When the effects of student loans on access and welfare become more properly understood, the case for targeted assistance for all disadvantaged prospective students for reasons of social justice remains compelling. The importance of the attainment of the right financing system was highlighted by the economic trauma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, an ordeal that caused many universities to experience an entirely unexpected financial crisis and led millions of students to struggle with unanticipated loan repayment difficulties.


2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-649
Author(s):  
Máté Vona

The risk of individual investment in higher education is not a well-researched topic compared to the rate of return to education. In many countries tuition fees are low, but there is a possibility to borrow for investment in education. This can lead to irresponsible investment behaviour. The paper will show that the student loan market is too small to cause a macroeconomic crisis, but that it is a market with many stakeholders and irresponsible behaviour should not be encouraged. With the examination of a Hungarian sample, it can be concluded that in the context of higher education, signs of rational investment behaviour can be found. The risks of post-secondary studies are not yet fully understood and measured, and for this reason further research is suggested.


Author(s):  
Zhanna Tropina

The subject of this research is the current system of student loans in the United States. The author analyzes major federal programs for students, types of loans, loan service plans, conditions for receiving scholarship for education. Special attention is given to the specificity of formation of student loan funds of higher educational institutions, and effective system of supervision and control over the parties to the program by the Department of Education that represents government interests. The research employs the dialectical method of cognition, as well as general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, etc. The following conclusions were made: the established in the United States system of student loans is sufficiently effective; despite ample opportunities for receiving quality higher education for those born into wealthy families, the United States student loan system affords an opportunity for receiving higher education to the representatives of all social groups.


Author(s):  
Stanley Kojo Dary ◽  
Harvey S. James

This article examines the factors influencing demand for student loans from Ghana’s Student Loan Trust Fund (SLTF) and the loan debt burden at completion using a sample of 400 final-year students in two higher education institutions in the country’s Upper West Region. The results show that both the loan take up rate and the loan debt burden among students are relatively low. Demand for student loans and the loan debt burden is modelled as probit and Tobit (left censored), respectively. The results reveal that student age, household size, parents’ occupation, salary, number of income sources, and the length of the study programme play a significant role in explaining demand for student loans and the loan debt burden at completion among tertiary students. These socio-economic factors should thus inform the design and administration of student loans.


Author(s):  
D. Bruce Johnstone

Cost-Sharing—meaning the shift of a portion of the costs of higher education (including the costs of student living) that may once have been borne predominantly or even exclusively by governments, or taxpayers, to parents and students—has been deeply contested, but found to be financially necessary (and according to many analysts more equitable) in more and more countries, including in Sub-Saharan Africa. Student loans have been part of this process, allowing students the opportunity to invest in their own further educations, placing needed revenue in the hands of students supposedly at less cost to taxpayers than outright grants (presuming loan recovery), and providing colleges and universities (again presuming loan recovery) with revenue that would not be forthcoming from governments. However, African student loan programs have been largely unsuccessful at providing significant net revenue supplementation: that is, after covering the cost of capital as well as the costs of originating, servicing, and collecting plus covering the substantial costs of defaults. This essay analyzes some of these problems and suggests some principles for making student loans work better in Africa. Le partage des coûts – c’est-à-dire le transfert aux parents et étudiants d’une partie du coût de l’enseignement supérieur (y compris le coût de la vie), qui était auparavant pris en charge majoritairement ou même exclusivement par le gouvernement, ou plutôt les contribuables– a été fortement contesté mais est devenu nécessaire (et selon de nombreux analystes est plus équitable) dans un nombre croissant de pays, notamment en Afrique sub-saharienne. Les prêts étudiants font partie intégrante de ce processus, donnant aux étudiants l’opportunité d’investir dans leur propre éducation, en mettant les revenus nécessaires entre les mains des étudiants, en principe à moindre coût pour le contribuable que les bourses (en présumant le remboursement du prêt), et fournissant aux établissements d’enseignement supérieur (toujours en présumant le remboursement du prêt) des revenus qui ne proviennent pas des gouvernements. Cependant, les programmes de prêts étudiants en Afrique ont largement échoué à fournir d’importants revenus complémentaires, une fois couverts le coût du capital ainsi que les frais de dossier, de service, de collection, et le coût considérable des défauts de paiement. Cet essai analyse certains de ces problèmes et propose quelques principes pour que les prêts étudiants fonctionnent mieux en Afrique.


2020 ◽  
pp. 37-59
Author(s):  
Terri Friedline

This chapter explores recent trends in student loan debt, particularly the for-profit educational corporation Corinthian Colleges’ scandal, in order to define the key terms financialization and neoliberalism. Finance is playing an expanded role in higher education and securitization is being employed to capitalize off of students’ loan debt. Students are increasingly taking on debt and bearing responsibility for a capitalist economy that is stacked against them. Banks and lenders bundle and sell this debt to wealthy, white investors as securities. Given that Black and Brown borrowers take out more student loans, repay their debts plus interest over longer periods of time, and experience higher default rates compared to their white counterparts, these securities are racialized just like the individual lines of debt from which they were created.


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