Effects of soil moisture stress on floral and pods abortion, reproductive efficiency and grain yield in soybean genotypes (Glycine max (L) Merrill)

The effects of soil moisture stress on tillering, stem elongation, and grain yield of barley (cv. Prior) have been studied by subjecting the plants to periods of stress at different stages of development. Soil moisture stress treatments consisted of repeated short cycles of stress, single short cycles (both in large pots), or single long cycles (in large lysimeters). The data collected support the contention that the organ which is growing most rapidly at the time of a stress is the one most affected. Grain numbers per ear were seriously affected by stress occurring prior to anthesis, an effect probably associated with the process of spikelet initiation and, later, with the formation of the gametes. Grain size, on the other hand, was reduced more by stress at anthesis and shortly after. Elongation of the internodes was reduced mostly by stress at or just before earing, and was less seriously affected by earlier or later stress. Tillering, although being suppressed during a drought cycle, was actually stimulated upon rewatering. The effect was greater the earlier the period of stress, and was probably related to nutrient uptake and distribution within the plant.

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Control and Seedhead Suppression of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) in Soybeans (Glycine max)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00031742 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 238-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Frederick P. Salzman ◽

Roy J. Smith ◽

Ronald E. Talbert

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Red Rice ◽

Soil Moisture Stress ◽

High Soil Moisture

Experiments were conducted in 1985 and 1986 at three locations in eastern Arkansas to evaluate red rice control in soybeans with postemergence grass herbicides and plant growth regulators applied singly or sequentially at early to late-tillering growth stages of red rice. Haloxyfop at 0.21 kg ai/ha and quizalofop at 0.14 kg ai/ha applied singly or sequentially and fluazifop at 0.21 kg ai/ha applied sequentially consistently controlled red rice and suppressed seedhead production in soybeans. Mid-season treatments were not beneficial when high soil moisture stress conditions existed. Mefluidide or sethoxydim applied singly or sequentially or amidochlor applied singly provided erratic control and seedhead suppression of red rice in soybeans.

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INFLUENCE OF SOIL MOISTURE STRESS APPLIED AT VARIOUS STAGES OF GROWTH ON THE YIELD COMPONENTS OF CHINOOK WHEAT

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps68-054 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 313-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. A. Campbell

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Set ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Soil Moisture Stress ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Dry Conditions ◽

Main Components

Two series of moisture treatments were used to determine if there was a specific growth stage at which low soil moisture stress caused poor seed set in Chinook wheat, and also to determine whether grain yield could be maximized by manipulating time of increasing or decreasing moisture stress.Maintaining soil moisture at 25 to 10% (dry) until the shot-blade stage produced 80% seed set, compared with only 30% seed set when moisture was maintained at 25% to 16% (wet) during the same period. Increasing or decreasing the soil moisture stress at different growth stages had little effect on the number of florets per head or the mean kernel weight. Under the conditions of this experiment, the number of heads and percent seed set were the main components influencing grain yield. The highest grain yields were obtained when plants were grown under dry conditions until late shot-blade and under wet conditions thereafter. Conversely, minimum grain yields were realized where plants were grown under wet conditions until late shot-blade and under dry conditions thereafter. Straw yield was closely related to the total moisture used.

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GRAIN YIELD OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN GENOTYPES CULTIVATED IN LOWLAND SOILS IN THREE SOWING TIMES

Revista Ciência Agrícola ◽

10.28998/rca.v17i1.5045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Thiago Assunção Almeida ◽

Paulo Roberto Fidelis Giancotti ◽

Bento Alvenir Dornelles De Lima ◽

Douglas Dalla Nora ◽

Rafael Goulart

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Grain Yield ◽

World Market ◽

The Other ◽

Red Rice ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

The World ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Glycine Max L

<p>Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) has been cultivated in regions of lowland soils in crop rotation with irrigated rice in order to reduce the infestation of red rice and due to the attractive soybean value in the world market. Soybean cultivation under this condition is subject to possible soil flooding, requiring recommendations of genotypes adapted to this environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the grain yield of soybean genotypes grown in floodplain environment at three different sowing times. Cultivars used were A 6411 RG, A 7321 RG, BMX Apolo RR, BMX Ativa RR, BMX Energia RR, BMX Potência RR, BMX Turbo RR, IGRA RA 518 RR, IGRA RA 626 RR, IGRA RA 628 RR, NA 5909 RG , NS 6262 RR, NS 7100 RR, RA 728 RR and VMax RR; sown in October, November and December. The experimental design was 15 (cultivars) x 3 (times) factorial with 4 replicates. Significant differences were observed for sowing times and cultivars, as well as for the interaction between the two factors. Cultivars sown in November and December provided higher yields than those sown in October. BMX Turbo RR cultivar showed higher consistency for soybean yield in lowland, considering the sowing times evaluated. For early sowing (October and November), A 6411 RG cultivar presented higher grain yield compared to the other cultivars.</p>

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Water Use Efficiencies of Different Maturity Group Soybean Cultivars in the Humid Mississippi Delta

Water ◽

10.3390/w13111496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1496

Author(s):

Srinivasa R. Pinnamaneni ◽

Saseendran S. Anapalli ◽

Daniel K. Fisher ◽

Krishna N. Reddy

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Water Resources ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Use ◽

Production System ◽

Mississippi Delta ◽

Maturity Group ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Water Use Efficiencies

Introducing alternative cultivars with enhanced water use efficiencies can help alleviate pressure on groundwater for crop irrigations in Mississippi (MS) Delta. A two-year field study was conducted in 2019–2020 to compare the water use efficiencies (WUE) of recently released and pre-released soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} cultivars in maturity group (MG) III (‘P37A78’, ‘LG03-4561-14’), IV (‘Dyna-gro 4516x’, ‘DS25-1, DT97-4290’), and V (‘S12-1362’, ‘S14-16306’) in the MS Delta. The experimental design was a split-plot with cultivar as the first factor and the second factor was water variant irrigation (IR) and no irrigation (RF, rainfed), replicated three times. The MG IV cultivar Dyna-gro 4516x recorded the highest grain yield and WUE: grain yields were 4.58 Mg ha−1 and 3.89 Mg ha−1 under IR and RF, respectively in 2019, and 4.74 Mg ha−1 and 4.35 Mg ha−1 in 2020. The WUE were 7.2 and 6.9 kg ha−1 mm−1, respectively, in 2019 under IR and RF, and 13.4 and 16.9 kg ha−1 mm−1 in 2020. The data reveals that ‘Dyna-gro 4516x’ (MG IV), ‘LG03-4561-14’ (MG III), and ‘P37A78’ (MG III) are best adapted to the early soybean production system (ESPS) in MS Delta region for sustainable production for conserving water resources.

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Correlations of Vegetative and Reproductive Characters with Root Traits of Upland Rice under Imposed Soil Moisture Stress

Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.4314/njb.v32i1.9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

A.L Nassir ◽

K.M. Adewusi ◽

S.O. Olagunju

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Root Traits ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Soil Moisture Stress ◽

Reproductive Characters

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Assessment of Yield and Yield Component of Soybean Genotypes (Glycine Max L.) in North of Khuzestan

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12892-018-0023-0 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 435-441 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sina Ghanbari ◽

Ahmad Nooshkam ◽

Barat Ali Fakheri ◽

Nafiseh Mahdinezhad

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Yield Component ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Glycine Max L

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Improved understanding of drought controls on seasonal variation in Mediterranean forest canopy CO<sub>2</sub> and water fluxes through combined in situ measurements and ecosystem modelling

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-6-1423-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 1423-1444 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

T. Keenan ◽

R. García ◽

A. D. Friend ◽

S. Zaehle ◽

C. Gracia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Forest Canopy ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽

Forest Growth ◽

Water Fluxes ◽

Soil Moisture Stress ◽

Dynamic Global Vegetation Model ◽

Forest Growth Model

Abstract. Water stress is a defining characteristic of Mediterranean ecosystems, and is likely to become more severe in the coming decades. Simulation models are key tools for making predictions, but our current understanding of how soil moisture controls ecosystem functioning is not sufficient to adequately constrain parameterisations. Canopy-scale flux data from four forest ecosystems with Mediterranean-type climates were used in order to analyse the physiological controls on carbon and water flues through the year. Significant non-stomatal limitations on photosynthesis were detected, along with lesser changes in the conductance-assimilation relationship. New model parameterisations were derived and implemented in two contrasting modelling approaches. The effectiveness of two models, one a dynamic global vegetation model ("ORCHIDEE"), and the other a forest growth model particularly developed for Mediterranean simulations ("GOTILWA+"), was assessed and modelled canopy responses to seasonal changes in soil moisture were analysed in comparison with in situ flux measurements. In contrast to commonly held assumptions, we find that changing the ratio of conductance to assimilation under natural, seasonally-developing, soil moisture stress is not sufficient to reproduce forest canopy CO2 and water fluxes. However, accurate predictions of both CO2 and water fluxes under all soil moisture levels encountered in the field are obtained if photosynthetic capacity is assumed to vary with soil moisture. This new parameterisation has important consequences for simulated responses of carbon and water fluxes to seasonal soil moisture stress, and should greatly improve our ability to anticipate future impacts of climate changes on the functioning of ecosystems in Mediterranean-type climates.

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