On-farm determination of the productivity response of Yam/Maize/Cassave/Telfairia intercrop to mound size

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TO Ezulike ◽  
A Udealor ◽  
E Okoro ◽  
SO Odurukwe ◽  
FO Anuebunwa
Keyword(s):  
On Farm ◽  
Mound Size

scholarly journals Using seed respiration as a tool for calculating optimal soaking times for ‘on-farm’ seed priming of barley (Hordeum vulgare)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Javier Carrillo-Reche ◽  
Adrian C. Newton ◽  
Richard S. Quilliam
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Embryonic Axes ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Seed Respiration

Abstract A low-cost technique named ‘on-farm’ seed priming is increasingly being recognized as an effective approach to maximize crop establishment. It consists of anaerobically soaking seeds in water before sowing resulting in rapid and uniform germination, and enhanced seedling vigour. The extent of these benefits depends on the soaking time. The current determination of optimal soaking time by germination assays and mini-plot trials is resource-intensive, as it is species/genotype-specific. This study aimed to determine the potential of the seed respiration rate (an indicator of metabolic activity) and seed morphological changes during barley priming as predictors of the priming benefits and, thus, facilitate the determination of optimal soaking times. A series of germination tests revealed that the germination rate is mostly attributable to the rapid hydration of embryo tissues, as the highest gains in the germination rate occurred before the resumption of respiration. Germination uniformity, however, was not significantly improved until seeds were primed for at least 8 h, that is, after a first respiration burst was initiated. The maximum seedling vigour was attained when the priming was stopped just before the beginning of the differentiation of embryonic axes (20 h) after which vigour began to decrease (‘over-priming’). The onset of embryonic axis elongation was preceded by a second respiration burst, which can be used as a marker for priming optimization. Thus, monitoring of seed respiration provides a rapid and inexpensive alternative to the current practice. The method could be carried out by agricultural institutions to provide recommended optimal soaking times for the common barley varieties within a specific region.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE ACCOUNTING OF ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES OF COMPANIES ENGAGED IN MULTIPLE ACTIVITIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Vita Anatolievna Grekova
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Methodological Error ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Current Accounting ◽  
Trading Activities ◽  
Administrative Expenses ◽  
General Business ◽  
On Farm ◽  
A Company

Production costs and costs of selling products (works, services) are the main objects of on-farm control. Any change in them when a company conducts several activities leads to an incorrect determination of profit for each of the activities. Thus, the risk of material misstatement of production costs and sales costs increases, and hence the adoption on their basis of incorrect decisions on the future economic activities of the company. Organizationally and methodically correctly organized accounting of general business costs makes it possible to provide reliable information on the formation of the actual cost of finished products and goods. The paper analyzes unified approaches to the application of the Chart of Accounts for the financial and economic activities of organizations and the reflection of the facts of economic activity on the accounts of accounting, enshrined in the instructions for using the chart of accounts for the financial and economic activities of organizations. The analysis made it possible to identify a methodological error in the accounting of administrative and managerial expenses that arises when combining types of production activities with types of trading activities. An assessment of the information that the instructions on the use of the chart of accounts of the financial and economic activities of organizations on account 26 «General business expenses» and the actual data of the current accounting of a number of organizations that simultaneously carry out production and trade types of activities are recommended to summarize. The obtained result confirmed the overestimation of general business expenses while underestimating the costs of selling such economic entities. We see the prospect of further investigation of the problem in the elimination of the identified methodological error in accounting for administrative and management expenses with the introduction of adjustments to the instructions for using the chart of accounts of financial and economic activities of organizations.

scholarly journals On-farm orchards of fruit trees

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S65-S69
Author(s):  
F. Paprštein ◽  
J. Sedlák ◽  
V. Holubec
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
On Farm Conservation ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Given

Four on-farm plantations (KRNAP Vrchlabí, the Orchard of Reconciliation in Neratov, Podyjí National Park, and Šumava National Park) were successfully established in a traditional form, with large orchard trees on seedling rootstocks. Certain accessions (cultivars) for on-farm conservation in the given locality were selected, according to the incidence and presentation of genotypes in these particular areas. This information was obtained by localization of fruit trees <I>in situ </I>and the determination of certain cultivars. Nursery stock production for onfarm plantations is described. Because of the longevity of the plantation, seedling rootstocks were used for the production of planting materials for the on-farm plantations. Techniques of on-farm plantation establishment and orchard management are stated within the paper. Four established on-farm plantations have ensured the long-term preservation of landraces in their original areas.

Salt-affected land in the shire of Wongan-Ballidu, Western Australia

Soil Research ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Nulsen
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
The Road ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Secondary Salinity ◽  
On Farm

A survey was conducted to measure the total area of salt affected land in the Wongan-Ballidu Shire. Initially two survey methods were used: an intense on-farm survey and a broadscale road traverse survey. In the test area there was no net difference in areas of salt land detected by the two survey methods. and the remainder of the shire was surveyed by the road traverse method. Difficulties in objective delineation of areas of primary and secondary salinity precluded accurate determination of each, and only the total salt-affected area could be measured. The total area was 51,975 ha. representing 15.4% of the shire area. Detailed surveys of three 2080 ha sites in the shire showed that in the 18 years between 1958 and 1976 the area of salt land increased by up to 237% with the mean area within sites increasing from 206 ha in 1958 to 541 ha in 1976.

scholarly journals An On-Farm Method for Determination of Sulfonamide Drug Residues in Turkeys.

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. MURPHY ◽  
C.M. FISCHER ◽  
H.S. NAKAUE ◽  
A. YOUSSEF HAKIMI
Keyword(s):  
Drug Residues ◽  
Sulfonamide Drug ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Investigation of prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis of dairy buffaloes at Bhola district of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-704
Author(s):  
Hasan Aliul ◽  
Paul Ashit Kumar ◽  
Riad Mohammad Mahmood ◽  
Rahman Mizanur ◽  
Ahmed Md Selim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
On Farm

The subclinical mastitis is more serious and is responsible for much greater loss to the dairy industry in Bangladesh. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and identify the associated risk factors in randomly selected 200 lactating buffaloes (192 local and 8 crossbred) at some selected regions of Bhola district, Bangladesh during the period from March 2018 to February 2019. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was performed on each quarter milk sample of lactating buffaloes at field condition for the determination of subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes. Overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 10.50% (21/200). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) was comparatively higher in crossbred (12.5%) as compared to local breed (10.42%). The highest prevalence of SCM in dairy buffaloes was also found in late lactation period (12.82%), age group 7 to 18 years (13.46%), rainy season (11.1%) and 2nd parity group (10.74%). Moreover, the buffaloes graze in free range areas; large and medium sized farms; poor health conditions and other diseases of post parturient period increasing the susceptibility of SCM. For early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis, CMT can be performed regularly as a control measures and emphasis should be provided on farm management practices; particularly on milking hygiene and udder sanitation. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 697-704

EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliO157: epidemiology and ecology in bovine production environments

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Renter ◽  
Jan M. Sargeant
Keyword(s):  
Health Concern ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
On Farm

AbstractEnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coli, particularly the O157(:H7) serogroup, has become a worldwide public health concern. Since cattle feces are often implicated as the source ofE. coliO157 in human infections, considerable resources have been devoted to defining the epidemiology and ecology ofE. coliO157 in cattle environments so that control might begin at the farm level. Diagnostic limitations and the complexity of often interrelated microbial, animal, herd, environmental and production factors have hindered the determination of the epidemiology, ecology and subsequent farm-level control ofE. coliO157. The widespread distribution ofE. coliO157, the transitory nature of fecal shedding, multiple potential environmental sources, lack of species specificity, and age-, feed- and time-related differences in cattle prevalence are documented. However, the significance and/or role of these factors in the epidemiology and ecology ofE. coliO157 is still unclear. Cattle are a major source ofE. coliO157, but it may be simplistic to believe that most herds are relatively closed systems with small percentages of cattle serving as true reservoirs. Practical on-farm control may require explicit definitions of the seemingly complex system(s) and the microbial, animal, herd, environmental and production factors involved in the multiplication, maintenance and transmission ofE. coliO157.

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