Investigating Cervical Lesion and Human Papillomavirus in Apparently Healthy Religious Women in Benin City, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
E.B. Odigie ◽  
S.O. Bolaji-Osagie
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Religious Women ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Pentecostal Churches

Pathological abnormalities observed in cells or tissues obtained from the uterine cervix of women are collectively referred to as cervical lesions. The condition is gradually becoming a menace as it can affect different category of women. It is more worrisome as religious women particularly are not spared from the deadly scourge. This study was to investigate cervical lesion and human papillomavirus in relatively healthy religious women attending Pentecostal churches in Benin City, Nigeria. A cross-sectional investigation of the participants using structured questionnaire and the liquid-based cytology from January to July 2017 was used as the data and sample collecting tools. Majority of religious women that participated in the survey (n=429) cut across 47 Pentecostal churches. The mean age of the respondents was 48.46years (±2SD) with the highest number of participants being age group (36-45years) 131/429(31%), and ≥66years 13/429(3%). HPV infection was 9/429(2.1%), and the worst hit was among age group (26-35years) 5/429(1.2%) followed by 3/429(0.7%) amongst age group 36-45years, and 1/429 (0.2%) from age group 46-55years. 51/429(11.89%) was cervical lesion positive, while cytopathology revealed inflammatory smears (acute and chronic cervicitis), atypical glandular cells (AGC), low-grade squamous cell intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Cervical lesion and subsequent HPV infections are prevalent within the study population. However, to avert the impending dangers (cervical cancer) posed by cervical lesions in the society, modesty in sexual exploitation and decent lifestyles are highly imperative. Keywords: Cervical cancer, Cervical lesion, Uterine cervix, Uterine infections, Religious women.

scholarly journals Role of Colposcopy in Detection of Dysplastic Cervical Lesion as a Screening Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 33s-33s
Author(s):  
P. Gyawali ◽  
S.R. KC ◽  
S. Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Papanicolaou Test

Background: Age standardized cervical cancer incidence rate in Nepal is 19.2/100,000 woman, compared with 14.0 worldwide. Similarly, mortality rate is 12.0 women which is significant in comparison with 6.8 worldwide. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasm is a precursor lesion, having high transformation rate into the cervical carcinoma. Data clearly indicates that CIN 2 and 3 has more progression into cervical carcinoma. Despite the fact that Papanicolaou test has remained an important tool in the screening for cervical cancer and has contributed in significant decrease in cervical cancer, sensitivity and specificity of conventional Papanicolaou test is quite low. Colposcopy is visual inspection of cervix under magnification. Study revealed that the positive predictive rate of the colposcopic impression is better as the cervical lesion is more severe. Aim: To find out the significance of colposcopy in the detection of dysplastic cervical lesions and possible use of this method as a screening tool. Methods: This is an observational study done at Cancer Care Foundation, Nepal done from a period of January 2015 to February 2018. Permission was obtained from ethical committee and written consent was obtained from the patients. All the patients suspected having dysplastic or invasive lesions or in whom colposcopy-guided biopsy was performed; were included in the study. Relevant data were collected which included age, colposcopic diagnosis, histopathological diagnosis. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done from statistical package SPSS 21. Results: 6109 females were screened through colposcopy. Out of these 900 patients underwent colposcopy-guided biopsy for being suspected of dysplastic lesions or inflammatory lesions. Mean age of females was 40.65 years. With colposcopy, 407 (45.2%) were suspected to have low grade lesion, followed by 401 (44.6%) high grade lesion and 15 (1.7%) carcinoma. Nonneoplastic lesions were suspected in 77 (8.6%) females. In the histopathological examination low grade dysplasia was observed in 403 (44.8%) followed by 250 (27.8%) high grade dysplasia and 8 (0.9%) carcinoma in-situ or invasive carcinoma. Similarly, 239 (26.6%) patients had nonneoplastic lesions. In colposcopy, high grade lesions were suspected more frequently in females of 41-50 years age group than in 31-40 years age group ( P < 0.01). Correlation between increasing age and dysplastic lesions were also observed ( P < 0.05). There was significant correlation between colposcopic diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis with a P value < 0.01. The sensitivity of colposcopy to diagnose dysplastic lesions were high 96.44% with positive predictive value of 62.65%. The specificity of colposcopy to diagnose various grades of dysplastic lesions is 34.98%. Conclusion: Colposcopy is highly sensitive method of screening dysplastic cervical lesions and should be used more frequently as a screening purpose.

scholarly journals Analysis of Human Papillomavirus Type 18 Load and Integration Status from Low-Grade Cervical Lesion to Invasive Cervical Cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. K. Cheung ◽  
T.-H. Cheung ◽  
C. W. Y. Ng ◽  
M. Y. Yu ◽  
M. C. S. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals Classification and identification of human papillomavirus based on its prevalence and development of cervical lesion among Iranian women

Bioimpacts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Mitra Moeinzadeh ◽  
Babak Kheirkhah ◽  
Kumarss Amini ◽  
Ali Pouryasin
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Genotyping

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common female cancer in large areas of the developing world, and almost half of these cases (54%) arises in Asia, where cervical cancer is still threatening women’s health and survival, which makes it a considerable public problem. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most powerful human carcinogens. Today, it has been proven that all cervical cancers and primary precancerous lesions are caused by carcinogenic types of HPV infections. HPV genotyping can therefore evaluate the screening programs. Methods: Five hundred fifty women referring to the gynecological centers were subjected to Pap smear cell samples. The cytopathological diagnosis of obtained cervical samples was based on the Bethesda system. HPV genotyping was carried out using the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II Amp assay. Results: In a total of 244 HPV positive cases, single‑type HPV infec­tion was observed in 49.6%, while multi‑type HPV infections (including ≥ 2 types) were found in 45.5% of cases. Among the 110 cases with abnormal cytology results, going-over analyses led to the identification of atypical squamous cell of unknown significance (ASCUS) in 73 cases, low‑grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 24 cases, and high‑grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in 12 cases. In these groups, the infection rate of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was 89%, 82%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, the total population of women suffering from different cervical lesions and malignancy was found to be infected with various HPV genotypes. High prevalence of HPV- 53 and HPV- 16 detected among participants with normal cytology can be considered as a tip-off development of cervical cancer among Iranian women.

scholarly journals Association between Hormonal Contraception and Injuries Induced by Human Papillomavirus in the Uterine Cervix

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
Lia Volpato ◽  
Isabela Siqueira ◽  
Rodrigo Nunes ◽  
Anna Piovezan
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Outpatient Service ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Objective To evaluate the association between hormonal contraception and the appearance of human papillomavirus HPV-induced lesions in the uterine cervix of patients assisted at a school outpatient clinic - ObGyn outpatient service of the Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Methods A case-control study, with women in fertile age, performed between 2012 and 2015. A total of 101 patients with cervical lesions secondary to HPV were included in the case group, and 101 patients with normal oncotic colpocytology, in the control group. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, US) software, version 24.0, using the 95% confidence interval. To test the homogeneity of the proportions, the chi-square (χ2) test was used for the qualitative variables, and the Student t-test, for the quantitative variables. Results When comparing the occurrence of HPV lesions in users and non-users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), the association with doses of 0.03 mg or higher of ethinylestradiol (EE) was observed. Thus, a higher probability of developing cervical lesions induced by HPV was identified (odds ratio [OR]: 1.9 p = 0.039); and when these cases were separated by the degree of the lesion, the probability of these patients presenting with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was 2.1 times higher (p = 0.036), but with no impact on high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and the occurrence of invasive cancer. No significant differences were found in the other variables analyzed. Conclusion Although the results found in the present study suggest a higher probability of the users of combined hormonal contraceptives with a concentration higher than 0.03 mg of EE to develop low-grade intraepithelial lesions, more studies are needed to conclude causality.

scholarly journals Correlation of hTERT Expression with Cervical Cytological Abnormalities and Human Papillomavirus Infection

PRILOZI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Vjosa A. Zejnullahu ◽  
Valon A. Zejnullahu ◽  
Slavica Josifovska ◽  
Nikola Vukovik ◽  
Kiril Pakovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Htert Expression ◽  
Cervical Lesions

AbstractTelomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) is the main catalytic sub-unit of telomerase, a reverse transcriptase enzyme. Telomerase expression is regulated at many levels, with numerous studies suggesting that up-regulation of human TERT gene (hTERT) at transcriptional level results in immortal cell phenotype associated with cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between hTERT expression and different cervical precursor lesions, as well as with cervical cancer in patients with confirmed Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.The study included molecular analyzes on cervical samples from 214 women and matched Papanicolaou (Pap) test results. HPV detection and genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genotyping. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed using TaqMan probes and were calculated relative to the reference gene.Results showed significantly increased hTERT mRNA expression levels in high-grade and low-grade lesions compared to normal control samples (p<0.01) associated with 6.31 fold higher risk for developing ASC-US and 9.20 for LSIL. Strong correlation between HPV infection and hTERT expression in the high-grade lesions and cervical cancer was also observed. hTERT relative expression values showed 98% specificity and 100 % sensitivity as indicator of cervical lesions particularly for the ACS-H, HSIL and cervical cancer. In conclusion, hTERT expression correlate with the cytological grade of the cervical lesions and HPV infection and has a potential to be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker.

HPV Positivity and Risk of Cervical Cancer according to HIV-Infection: A Comparative Assessment in the Population of Cameroonian Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Martin SOSSO ◽  
Michel Carlos TOMMO TCHOUAKET ◽  
Joseph Fokam ◽  
Rachel Kamgaing Simo ◽  
Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Epithelial Lesion ◽  
Oncogenic Hpv ◽  
Hiv Negative

Abstract Background Cervical cancer, caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), remains a global health challenge. In HIV highly-burdened settings, it would be relevant to understand the severity of cervical cancer in case of co-infection with HPV. We therefore sought to determine the effect of HPV on the occurrence of cervical lesions among women with versus without HIV-infection. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted throughout 2012 among 257 women living in Yaoundé, Cameroon. HIV serology, genotyping of high-risk oncogenic HPV and cervical vaginal smear (CVS) were performed for all participants; among those reported to be HIV seropositive, HIV plasma viral load and CD4 count were measured. Results of the CVS were interpreted following the Bethesda 2001 guidelines. Statistical analyses were performed using Graph Pad version 6.0; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The mean age of our study participants was 37 ± 6.5 years. According to HIV serology, 184 (71.59%) were HIV-positive vs. 73 (28.40%) HIV-negative women, with a similar age distribution respectively (36 ± 2.80 years versus 42 ± 8.48 years). Among HIV-positive women, median CD4 was 438 [IQR: 317–597] cells/mm3 and median viremia < 40 [IQR: <40 − 2318] copies/mL. Following successful genotyping, the prevalence of high-risk oncogenic HPV was 36.32% (73/201), with a significantly higher proportion among those with HIV-infection (41.98% [55/131] vs. 25.71% [18/70]; p = 0.02; OR = 2.1). CVS revealed 31.74% (97) normal cervix; 38.91% (100) inflammation; 16.34% (42) low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion; 6.34% (18) high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion. Overall rate of cervical lesions was 23.34% (60/257), with a non-significantly higher proportion in HIV-infected participants (25.00% [46/184] versus 19.17% [14/73]; p = 0.31). Of relevance, the presence of high-risk oncogenic HPV was significantly associated with cervical lesions (p < 0.0001; OR = 5.07), with a higher risk of cervical lesion among HIV-positive (p < 0.0001 and OR = 5.67) versus HIV-negative (p = 0.03 and OR = 3.83). Conclusion Though oncogenic HPV appears as an independent factor of the occurrence of cervical lesions, the risk of cervical lesion is substantially higher among HIV/HPV co-infection compared to HPV-infection alone. Thus, prevention of cervical cancer should be prioritised for women living with HIV-infection in HPV-endemic settings.

HPV16 E7 Oncoprotein As a Predictor of Diagnosis and Prognosis  in Patients with Cervical Lesions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangnan Shuai ◽  
Junhui Xu ◽  
Meihua Liu ◽  
Xueping Zhu ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
E7 Oncoprotein ◽  
The Third ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Backgroud：The early diagnosis and treatment of HSIL is a key measure to prevent the occurrence of cervical cancer. Although the methods of cervical cancer screening are becoming more and more abundant, some patients still have unnecessary colposcopy referrals. This study aim to explore the value of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) E7 oncoproteinin cervical lesion screening and risk assessment of the prognosis for more effective colposcopy. Method: HPV16 E7 oncoprotein in cervical exfoliated cells was detected by using E7 Oncoprotein (HPV16) Diagnostic Kit (Magnetic Partical Chemiluminescence Method). In the first part, HPV16 E7 oncoprotein in different degrees of cervical lesions was retrospectively compared to find the best critical value; In the second part, the value of this test was verified ; In the third part, the women diagnosed as low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) or normal were followed up for 3 years and the outcomes were compared. Results: In the first part, the expression of HPV16 E7 oncoprotein was positively correlated with the degree of cervical lesion; The critical value determined by ROC curve is 8.68ng/ml, which is accurate in the diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and invasive carcinoma of cervix (CA); In the second part, there were higher sensitivity(87.1) and specificity(70) for E7 oncoprotein; HPV16 E7 oncoprotein has higher consistency with pathological examination in detection of HSIL or cervical cancer（0.573 vs 0.369) than TCT; In the third part，HPV16 E7 oncoprotein has a high positive predictive value (82.4%) and positive likelihood ratio (4.43) for the prognosis of patients with LSIL and below. Conclusions: The status of HPV16E7 oncoprotein shows important clinical value for the detection and prediction of cervical lesions. Patients with positive HPV16 E7 oncoprotein are more likely to develop the disease and have a higher risk of disease progression.

scholarly journals Association between asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections and high-risk human papillomavirus in cervical lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 5548-5559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Lizhe Zhu ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Nan Ma ◽  
Huifang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Objective This study aimed to determine the association of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, and herpes simplex virus type 2, with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) in cervical intraepithelial lesions and neoplasms. Methods A total of 320 hrHPV-positive and 160 hrHPV-negative women were divided into high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) + invasive cervical cancer and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion + normal subgroups, respectively, on the basis of pathological cervical lesions. Cervical brush specimens were amplified and hybridized using polymerase chain reaction kits. Results MH was associated with hrHPV infection, but not with specific hrHPV genotypes or with single or multiple genotypes. Coinfection of hrHPV and UU serotype 14 (Uup14) showed an increased risk of HSILs and cervical carcinoma (odds ratio [OR]: 12.541, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.625–43.390). U. urealyticum biovar (Uuu) and Uup1 infections showed a similar increased risk (OR: 11.646, 95% CI: 1.493–90.850; OR: 7.474, 95% CI: 1.140–49.015, respectively) without hrHPV. Conclusions Asymptomatic STIs are widespread. This study shows an association between UU subtypes and cervical cancer, providing new insight into cervical lesion etiology. Screening for MH, Uup14, Uup1, and Uuu is important under different hrHPV statuses.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Cytology and Histopathology of Cervical Lesion in VIA Positive Patients in Mymensingh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Nazma Parvin Ansari ◽  
AJE Nahar Rahman ◽  
AFM Saleh ◽  
SM Shahida
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cervical Lesion ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

Cervical cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer and leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. More than eighty eight percent deaths from cervical cancer occur in developing countries and by 2030, it will be at least ninety eight percent. In developed countries, the cases and deaths have declined markedly due to their extensive screening programs. The present study was undertaken to assess precancerous and cancerous cervical lesion by cytology and their comparison with histopathology in VIA positive cases. This descriptive, cross-sectional type of observational study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Mymensingh Medical College in collaboration with the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, during the period of July 2012 to June 2013. Study was carried out among 160 VIA positive patients and selected by non-random judgment sampling from the colposcopy clinic. Histological findings revealed that the most common age group affected by different types of cervical lesions is 30 – 39 years. It also revealed that squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was very much common in age group 40-49 years. The statistical value of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of Pap smear cytology test and histopathology yielded some important directives. The sensitivity values of Pap smear cytology was found 87.50%. The accuracy of the Pap smears in this study was 88.13%. The present study show significant relationship between cytological test with histopathological diagnosis. However cytology testing is not suitable as a single test. In conclusion, it can be stated that combination of cytology (Pap smear) and histopathology would ultimately be more useful. CBMJ 2015 July: Vol. 04 No. 02 P: 35-40

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