Rearing system effects on live weight gain of large white turkeys

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of three production systems on live weight gain (LWG) of white turkeys by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and profile analysis. A total of 81 turkey poults were assigned to intensive (7 male and 19 female), semi-intensive (9 male and 19 female) and extensive groups (11 male and 16 female) at one day old. The poults were wing-banded at day 1 after hatching and weighed individually each week through 16 weeks old. The birds were managed similarly through eight weeks old. After that time, the intensive group was fed concentrated feed indoors. The birds of the semi-intensive group had access to pasture for eight hours a day, and received 50% of the concentrated feed that was consumed by the intensive group. The birds in the extensive group were kept outdoors with shade and grazed on pasture, but did not receive concentrated feed. The bi-weekly LWG of the extensive, intensive and semi-intensive groups were 1191.4 g, 990.6 g and 872.1 g, respectively. Through the 16 weeks of the trial, the effects on LWG of production system, age, and interaction of age and production system were highly significant (P <0.01) in the repeated measures ANOVA. The profile analysis also showed highly significant (P <0.01) production system effects and interaction of production system and age on LWG. Scheffe’s test indicated that the intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive treatments differed (P <0.05).

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Carcass characteristics and meat quality attributes in lambs reared indoors, on cultivated pasture, or on semi-natural pasture

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.91706 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Elin Stenberg ◽

Anders Karlsson ◽

Camilla Öghren ◽

Katarina Arvidsson Segerkvist

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Production System ◽

Production Systems ◽

Live Weight ◽

Intact Male ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Group 4 ◽

Natural Pasture ◽

Group 1

This study evaluated the effects of different lamb production systems on live weight gain (LWG), carcass quality and meat quality. Four production systems for weaned intact male lambs were examined: indoor feeding with grass silage and concentrate (group 1), grazing on cultivated pasture with (group 2) or without (group 3) concentrate, and grazing on semi-natural pasture (group 4). Live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, carcass conformation, fatness and pH decline were recorded at slaughter, and M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum was analysed for colour, thawing and cooking loss, pH after 24 hours and 6 days, and Warner-Bratzler shear force. LWG was strongly affected by production system, being highest for group 1 and lowest for group 4 (p<0.001). Group 4 had the lowest conformation (p=0.002) and fat scores (p<0.001). Hence, production system affected age at slaughter, live weight gain, weight at slaughter, carcass conformation and fatness scores, but caused no differences in meat quality attributes in intact male lambs.

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Comparison of a Plantain-Chicory Mixture with a Grass Permanent Sward on the Live Weight Gain and Meat Quality of Lambs

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10122275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2275

Author(s):

Romina Rodríguez ◽

Oscar Balocchi ◽

Daniel Alomar ◽

Rodrigo Morales

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Production Systems ◽

Live Weight ◽

Temperate Grasslands ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Final Weight ◽

Sheep Production

Under the predicted conditions of climate change, the productivity of temperate grasslands may be affected by drought stress, especially in spring and summer. In this scenario, water-deficit-tolerant species such as plantain and chicory are interesting alternatives for use in sheep production systems. In this study, we compared a mixture of plantain and chicory herbage (PCH) with a grass-based permanent sward (GBS) on the weight gain and meat quality of lambs finished on these grasslands. Fifteen weaned lambs (31.3 kg and 4 months of age) were assigned to each treatment for seven weeks in late spring and live weight gain (LWG), carcass and meat quality were evaluated. There was a tendency (p = 0.09) in final weight (40.3 ± 0.8 kg) and live weight gain (173 ± 10 g/d) to be higher in PCH compared to GBS. Carcass weight, dressing percentage and meat quality in terms of pH, color and tenderness did not differ (p > 0.05) and were considered to be of good quality. We concluded that both swards result in comparable lamb performance and good meat quality.

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Studies on Belgian Pietrain pigs 2. A comparison of growth and carcass characteristics of Pietrain used in three breed crosses with Landrace, Large White and Hampshire breeds

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100011168 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. K. Curran ◽

I. J. Lean ◽

J. E. Duckworth ◽

W. Holmes

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Unit Weight ◽

Large White ◽

Lean Meat ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Breed Crosses

SUMMARY1. The growth, feed consumption per unit weight gain, carcass characteristics and some aspects of meat quality were studied in two trials with crosses derived from Landrace (L), Pietrain (P), Hampshire (H) and Large White (LW) breeds.2. In Trial 1, 96 pigs of both pure Landrace and LW(× (L♀ × P♂)♂ origin were studied up to slaughter weights of 64 and 91 kg live weight. In Trial 2, Landrace, LW♀ × (L♀ × P♂)♂ and LW ♂x (P♀x L♂)♂, (H♀ × P♂ × L♂ and (H♀ × P♂)♀ × LW♂ pigs were compared up to 91 kg live weight using 48 pigs of each type.3. All crossbred types showed better economy of production than Landrace when assessed by live-weight gain and feed consumption per unit weight gain. Their carcasses contained greater quantities of lean meat and similar quantities of rind, bone and fat than Landrace at comparable weights, but they exhibited a variable tendency to poorer meat quality. LW × (L × P) and LW × (P × L) carcasses at 91 kg live weight were shorter than Landrace; 4% and 14% of pigs in trials 1 and 2 respectively were less than the currently acceptable length of bacon pigs (775 mm). (H × P) × LW and (H×P)×L carcasses at this weight were much shorter; 34% and 38% respectively were less than 775 mm.

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Effects of Three Different Lighting Programs on Live Weight Change of Bronze Turkeys under Semi-Intensive Conditions

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-48-86-2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 86-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Mendes ◽

A. Karaabayir ◽

I. E. Ersoy ◽

C. Atasoglu

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Live Weight ◽

Physiological Effect ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Group Response ◽

Testing Group

Abstract. A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of three lighting programs (23L: 1D), (18L: 6D), and (12L: 12D) on live weight changes of American Bronze turkeys by Profile analysis technique. The F-statistics and Wilk’s Lamba statistics for testing group-response interaction or similar profiles suggested that there was a significant interaction effect (p<0.01). The effects of the three lighting programs on live weight gain appeared to be different throughout the study except for the last 6 weeks. On the other hand, the results of the present study suggested that the effect of the three lighting programs on live weight gain followed a similar trend or three lighting programs had similar physiological effect on live weight gain from 10th week on wards.

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Evaluation of British Friesian, Canadian Holstein and beef breed × British Friesian steers slaughtered over a commercial range of fatness from 16-month and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

Animal Production ◽

10.1017/s0003356100018961 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 353-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. R. Southgate ◽

G. L. Cook ◽

A. J. Kempster

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Production Systems ◽

Live Weight ◽

The Other ◽

Food Utilization ◽

Beef Production ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Overall Efficiency ◽

Breed Crosses ◽

Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain (LWG) and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian and Canadian Holstein steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Charolais, Hereford, Limousin, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month). The cattle were serially slaughtered at three levels of fatness covering the commercial range and determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine. The trial extended over 4 years and involved a total of 650 cattle. Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Changes in growth performance were examined relative to estimated carcass subcutaneous fat content (g/kg; SFC) and sire breed crosses compared at the mean fatness level within system: 65 g/kg SFe for 16-month and 74 g/kg SFe for 24-month.Sire breed differences were not detected (P > 0·05) in the regressions on SFe of age and live weight at slaughter, overall daily LWG and overall efficiency of weight gain. Pooled within sire breed, live at slaughter and age at slaughter increased by 2·5 kg and 2·8 days (16-month) and 2·2 kg and 2·1 days (24-month) for each g/kg increase in SFe.Charolais crosses and Canadian Holsteins were heaviest at equal SFC in both systems, but the latter were 63 days older (16-month) and 42 days older (24-month): Hereford, Lincoln Red and Sussex crosses were lightest and among the youngest in both systems.Sire breed crosses differed significantly in daily LWG: Charolais crosses grew fastest in both systems; the relative growth rate of other sire breed crosses was less consistent between the two although the Hereford crosses and British Friesians grew slowly in both systems. Overall efficiency of LWG (g gain per kg digestible organic matter intake) ranged from 164 to 205 (16-month) and 146 to 171 (24-month). Canadian Holsteins and British Friesians had the lowest efficiency of LWG in both systems of production; differences between the other breeds were not statistically significant (P > 0·05).

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Effects of trenbolone acetate and hexoestrol on live-weight gain, and serum hormone and metabolite concentrations, in steers

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s000335610004157x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 385-390

Author(s):

A. R. Peters ◽

D. G. Evans ◽

D. J. Read ◽

Janet M. Beeby ◽

W. Haresign

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Production System ◽

Live Weight ◽

Beef Production ◽

Trenbolone Acetate ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

ABSTRACTYearling steers, 39 Friesians on an 18-month beef production system (group 1) and 38 Hereford × Friesians on a 20-month beef production system (group 2), were weighed, blood sampled and then half of them were implanted subcutaneously with 300 mg trenbolone acetate and 30 mg hexoestrol. All steers were then weighed and blood sampled at 1-month intervals for a further 3 (group 1) or 4 (group 2) months. Serum was assayed for prolactin, insulin, growth hormone, glucose and blood urea nitrogen concentrations. Steroid treatment increased daily live-weight gain by 28 to 37% over the experimental period and the proportional response appeared to be correlated with the plane of nutrition. Neither prolactin nor glucose concentrations were affected by the treatment. However, in both groups 1 and 2, growth hormone concentrations were significantly higher in implanted steers, whilst urea-nitrogen concentrations were significantly lower. Insulin concentrations were consistently, although not significantly, lower in implanted than in control steers.

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A comparison of the progeny of British Friesian dams and different sire breeds in 16- and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100000635 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 155-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

J. R. Southgate ◽

G. L. Cook ◽

A. J. Kempster

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Production Systems ◽

Live Weight ◽

The Other ◽

Food Utilization ◽

Beef Production ◽

Ultrasonic Machine ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Breed Crosses ◽

Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Aberdeen-Angus, Charolais, Devon, Hereford, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One system was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month system) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month system). The cattle were slaughtered at a standard level of fatness, determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine.The trial extended over 3 years and a total of 579 cattle were involved.Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Adjustment was made to equal age at the beginning of the test and to equal carcass subcutaneous fat concentration.There were important differences between sire breeds in daily live-weight gain (P < 0.05), the order of performance for the different sire breeds being similar in the two systems. Charolais and Simmental crosses grew fastest, followed by South Devon crosses, and then by the purebred British Friesian and the other native breed crosses. Faster growing sire-breed crosses were generally heavier and older at slaughter; they ate more, and there was no obvious relationship between sire-breed means for growth rate and efficiency. The range in efficiency between sire breeds was 27 g and 17 g live-weight gain per kg digestible organic matter intake for the 16- and 24- month systems respectively. In both systems, Hereford crosses ranked highest and the purebred British Friesian among the lowest. Probability levels for sire breed differences were P < 0.1 (16 month) and P < 0.01 (24 month).

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An assessment of the biological and economic efficiency in conversion of milk to growth in N'Dama calves

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100021218 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 165-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Agyemang ◽

D. Clifford ◽

D. A. Little

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Production System ◽

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Profit Maximization ◽

Live Weight ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Biological Conversion ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

AbstractTwo groups of eight N'Dama calves were fed different quantities of milk from birth to 10 months of age to compare efficiencies of converting milk to live-weight gain, and to assess the economic efficiencies of the two feeding regimes. Group 1 received an average of 347 (s.e. 2·4) kg per calf, with a daily and seasonal pattern of feeding designed to simulate a village production system where calves have access to only part of the milk produced by their dams, the rest being extracted for human consumption. Group 2 received an average of 617 (s.e. 5·1) kg per calf, and simulated situations where no milk is extracted such as in a ranch or station-type of operation.During the first 6 months, when growth was certainly mediated only by milk, and live-weight gains were consistently positive at 151 and 262 g/day in groups 1 and 2 respectively, the biological conversion of milk to live weight did not differ between groups (8·7 v. 8·8 kg milk per kg live-weight gain). When the two groups were compared over the same weight range to remove possible effects of variable maintenance requirements, the conversion efficiencies again did not differ significantly. Over the whole 10-month period the biological conversion factors were slightly less favourable but still not different between groups (9·5 v. 9·4 kg/kg). When monetary values of milk and live weight at farmgate prices were applied to quantities of milk consumed and calf live-weight increases, the cost efficiency of group 1 was superior to that of group 2.Based on these findings and results from other on-farm experiments in The Gambia, it was concluded that the current practice of partial milk extraction as occurs in the village production system is a logical approach for profit maximization.

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The influence of castration on the growth of male pigs in relation to high levels of dietary protein

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100042112 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 535-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. H. D. Prescott ◽

G. E. Lamming

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Live Weight ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Large White ◽

Castrate Male ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Conventional Diet ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Plot Experiment

1. A factorial split-plot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth of entire and castrate male pigs on conventional diets and diets containing higher levels of protein. Thirty-two Large White pigs were fed ad libitum from 50 lb to slaughter at 260 lb live weight. The carcasses were dissected.2. The live-weight gain of entire males was the same as that of castrates on the conventional diet, but they grew non-significantly faster than castrates on the higher protein diet.3. The entire males had a lower dressing percentage and less fat in the carcass than the castrates, but more lean, bone and rind, and a similar lean: bone ratio. The leanness of the entire males was increased on the higher level of dietary protein whereas the leanness of the castrates was unaffected except in the leg. The interactions were not significant.4. The carcasses of the entire males were proportionately heavier in the head and shoulders and lighter in the middle than those of the castrates.5. The majority of the entire males had flesh with a slightly tainted flavour.

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Performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs fed varying levels of beniseed (Sesamum indicum L.) hull in replacement for maize (Zea mays LINN)

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v46i1.1310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

R. Olajide ◽

E. K. Asaniyan ◽

S. M. Aro ◽

O. B. Olusegun

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Control Diet ◽

Live Weight ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Large White ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Live Weight Gain ◽

Dietary Treatments

Sixty (60) grower-finisher pigs (Landrace x Large white) were used to investigate the nutritional value of beniseed hull (BSH) as substitute for maize on performance, carcass, and organs characteristics of the experimental animals. Five experimental diets were formulated by incorporating BSH into basal diet to replace maize at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%; designated as T1 (control), T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. The experimental pigs were individually weighed and assigned to five dietary treatments of three replicates of four animals each in a completely randomized design. The animals were fed for 2 weeks pre-experimental period and thereafter for ten weeks during which data were collected. Feed cost per kg live weight gain (? 668.67) of the animals fed 0% BSH significantly (P<0.05) reduced to ? 620.06 (25% BSH), ? 527.24 (50% BSH), ? 509.74 (75% BSH) and ? 456.73 (100% BSH). The bled weight, scald weight, eviscerated weight, dressing percentage, bacon, fore hock, hind hock and tail were significantly (P<0.05) affected by dietary treatments. The biggest liver weight (2.27g/kg) obtained in the animals fed the control diet (0% BSH) reduced significantly (P<0.05) to 2.20 (25% BSH), 1.91 (50% BSH), 1.76 (75% BSH) and 2.00 (100% BSH). Variations obtained in the kidney weight (0.40 g/kg) of the experimental animals fed with 25% BSH-based diets were similar (P>0.05) to 0.38 g/kg in the control (0% BSH) with both significantly (P<0.05) reduced to 0.36 (50% BSH), 0.36 (75% BSH) and 0.32 (100% BSH), respectively. Beniseed hull (BSH) poses no health challenge to the pigs used in this study. There were reductions in the cost/kg and cost of feed per kilogram live-weight gain with increasing levels of BSH in the diets, the lowest being at 100% level of substitution; beniseed hull could economically and safely replace maize in pig's diets up to 100% level.

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