scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of available probiotic products in community pharmacies in Benin City, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1511-1517
Author(s):  
Enosakhare Oloton ◽  
Emmanuel Obaseki
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Bile Tolerance ◽  
Batch Number ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Keywords Probiotics

Purpose: To assess four probiotic products available in community pharmacies in Benin City, Nigeria for accuracy of information on product labels with regard to the quantity and type of microorganisms, pH and bile tolerance, and antimicrobial activity.Methods: Percent label compliance of products was determined, in addition to isolation, identification and enumeration of microorganisms. Determination of pH and bile tolerance was conducted using turbidity studies in MRS broth. Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans pathogens was investigated using agar overlay technique.Results: In each product, there was 100 % label compliance with regard to name of probiotic organism, storage condition, dose, expiration date, contact details and batch number. Three-quarters (75 %) of the probiotic products indicated product net quantity, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) number, and microbial count; 50 % of products indicated the excipients used, while only 25 % of the products showed their indications. None of the products indicated strain designation. In species identification, Enterococcus faecium was absent in a multi-species product PB1, while PB3 contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae instead of Saccharomyces boulardii. Enumeration showed comparatively low quantities of probiotic organisms. Tolerance to pH 3 and pH 7, and bile levels of 0.3 and 2 % were within acceptable range. The probiotic organisms demonstrated antimicrobial effect specifically against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, B. subtilis, K. pneumonia, S. aureus and C. albicans.Conclusion: Antimicrobial effect and tolerance to pH and bile salts were consistent with acceptable properties of probiotics. However, there is need for total compliance with the indications, strain designation, excipients, and actual quantity of the individual probiotic organisms in the formulations. Keywords: Probiotics, Strain designation, Agar overlay technique, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces boulardii

scholarly journals Controle biológico de antracnose em pós-colheita de banana “Maçã” com Saccharomyces spp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Luis Heling ◽  
Odair José Kuhn ◽  
José Renato Stangarlin ◽  
Nicanor Pilarski Henkemeier ◽  
Sidiane Coltro-Roncato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Colletotrichum Musae

RESUMO Este trabalho objetivou analisar o controle biológico do Colletotrichum musae em bananas por meio de Saccharomyces cerevisiae e Saccharomyces boulardii. Células de S. cerevisiae foram obtidas a partir do fermento de panificação Fleischmann®. Células de S. boulardii foram obtidas a partir do medicamento Floratil®. Utilizou-se um cacho de banana colhido de área orgânica, os frutos passaram por um processo de assepsia, em seguida foram tratados com células de S. cerevisiae, S. boulardii e ambas as leveduras na concentração de 2 g L-1, após 24 horas inoculou-se o C. musae em três pontos por fruto. Para avaliar-se o efeito da concentração de células no tratamento o processo foi repetido, tratando-se os frutos com concentrações de 0; 0,5; 1; 2; 4 e 8 g L-1 de S. cerevisiae e S. boulardii, avaliou-se a área lesionada, a cada 48 horas, por 14 dias. Também avaliou-se o halo de inibição e a produção de compostos voláteis, ambos in vitro, para analisar se há ocorrência de antagonismo. Observou-se que o tratamento com as leveduras reduz o progresso da doença, e que S. cerevisiae e S. boulardii apresentam maior eficiência na concentração de 5,5 e 6,3 g L-1, respectivamente, apresentando redução de 48% e 35% do progresso da doença, respectivamente. Observou-se a formação de halo de inibição e produção de compostos voláteis, indicando que estas leveduras atuam por meio de antagonismo. Deste modo, estas leveduras são potencias agentes de controle biológico do C. musae.

scholarly journals The effect of probiotic nutrition of Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yield, antioxidant activity and expression of interleukin-6 gene in Holstein calves

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-337
Author(s):  
S. Sabooni ◽  
M. Chamani ◽  
A. A. Sadeghi ◽  
M. Amin-Afshar ◽  
N. E. J. Kashan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Holstein Calves

An experiment was performed to investigate the probiotic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yield, antioxidant activity, and expression of interleukin-6 gene in Holstein calves. Sixteen calves were divided into 4 dietary treatments with 4 calves/treatment. Experimental treatment diets include 1) control (without probiotic use), 2) milk soluble probiotics based on S. boulardii (1 g/kg), 3) milk soluble probiotics based on S. cerevisiae (1 g/kg) and 4) A mixture of yeast probiotics S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae as a solution in dairy milk (1 g/kg each). The completely randomized design was used in this experiment. The results showed that feeding S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae did not have a significant effect on performance traits compared with control. There was no significant difference between the different treatments for the number of antioxidant enzymes compared to the controls. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the treatments used probiotics were higher than the control. The expression of interleukin-6 gene expression was increased significantly (P<0.05) for treatments 3 and 4 on Days 10, 30 and 60 compared to the control. In conclusion, addition of probiotics did not alter performance traits of antioxidant activity, but the S. cerevisaetreatment did increase interleukin-6 gene expression which suggests an effect on the immune system. 

Comparative studies of the antimicrobial effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Garcinia kola on Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Winful ◽  
Olanikpekun Idowu ◽  
Opeoluwa O. Fasanya ◽  
Nkechi E. Egbe
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

Antimicrobial resistance has become a global health problem. Although a wide range of chemotherapeutic antimicrobials are available for treatment of microbial related infections and diseases, development of resistance to these chemotherapeutic agents is rapidly on the increase. Extracts from some plants have shown some promise in antimicrobial activity. This has led to the screening of several medicinal plants for their potential antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study was aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Garcinia kola against Klebsiella pneumonia and Candida albicans in vitro. The Garcinia kola seeds extracts were obtained using 70% ethanol and distilled water respectively. Phytochemical screening of Garcinia kola revealed the presence of various potent phytochemicals such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides. Both extracts of the seeds were investigated for antimicrobial activity using disc diffusion and agar well diffusion sensitivity tests. The ethanol extract produced zones of inhibition of about 7.3 mm for Candida albicans only at a concentration of 800mg/ml for the disc diffusion test. For the agar well diffusion test, the aqueous extract produced zones of inhibition of about 9.5 mm, while the ethanol extract produced zone of inhibition of 19 mm against Candida albicans at a concentration of 800 mg/ml. However, at the same concentration, the ethanol extract produced zones of inhibition of about 8.5 mm against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The findings of this study revealed that Garcinia kola was not effective in treating Klebsiella pneumonia infections but has potential in treating Candida albicans infections. Keywords: Garcinia kola, Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans

scholarly journals Revisiting the Taxonomic Synonyms and Populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae—Phylogeny, Phenotypes, Ecology and Domestication

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pontes ◽  
Mathias Hutzler ◽  
Patrícia H. Brito ◽  
José Paulo Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
New World ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Saccharomyces Diastaticus ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Type Strains

Saccharomyces cerevisiae—the most emblematic and industrially relevant yeast—has a long list of taxonomical synonyms. Formerly considered as distinct species, some of the synonyms represent variants with important industrial implications, like Saccharomyces boulardii or Saccharomyces diastaticus, but with an unclear status, especially among the fermentation industry, the biotechnology community and biologists not informed on taxonomic matters. Here, we use genomics to investigate a group of 45 reference strains (type strains) of former Saccharomyces species that are currently regarded as conspecific with S. cerevisiae. We show that these variants are distributed across the phylogenetic spectrum of domesticated lineages of S. cerevisiae, with emphasis on the most relevant technological groups, but absent in wild lineages. We analyzed the phylogeny of a representative and well-balanced dataset of S. cerevisiae genomes that deepened our current ecological and biogeographic assessment of wild populations and allowed the distinction, among wild populations, of those associated with low- or high-sugar natural environments. Some wild lineages from China were merged with wild lineages from other regions in Asia and in the New World, thus giving more resolution to the current model of expansion from Asia to the rest of the world. We reassessed several key domestication markers among the different domesticated populations. In some cases, we could trace their origin to wild reservoirs, while in other cases gene inactivation associated with domestication was also found in wild populations, thus suggesting that natural adaptation to sugar-rich environments predated domestication.

scholarly journals FUNGEMIA POR SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE EM PACIENTE PEDIÁTRICO APÓS TRATAMENTO COM PROBIÓTICO

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariá Ribas Romanio ◽  
Ligia Augusto Coraine ◽  
Vinicius Pignoti Maielo ◽  
Marcelo Luiz Abramczyc ◽  
Renato Lopes de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever um paciente com infecção de corrente sanguínea associada ao uso de probiótico em criança de um ano de idade e discutir as principais indicações e precauções com o emprego terapêutico desses microrganismos. Descrição do caso: Paciente masculino, um ano de idade, portador de síndrome de Down, em pós-operatório tardio de correção de cardiopatia congênita, com desnutrição grave e internado desde os dois meses de vida em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica. Durante o período de internação, apresentou inúmeras infecções relacionadas à ventilação mecânica, cateteres vasculares e outros dispositivos, com uso prolongado e recorrente de antibióticos de amplo espectro. Evoluiu com diarreia crônica e intolerância alimentar, que culminou com o uso de probiótico (Saccharomyces boulardii) por quatro dias. Dois dias após o término do probiótico, desenvolveu choque séptico, com hemoculturas central e periférica positivas para Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Após tratamento antifúngico (Anfotericina B), houve negativação das culturas. O paciente evoluiu sem complicações clínicas adicionais após o evento. Comentários: Apesar dos benefícios bem documentados do uso de probióticos em algumas situações clínicas, deve-se ter cautela quanto à indicação de uso, preparo e administração do medicamento, além do manuseio seguro dos dispositivos invasivos do paciente.

scholarly journals Post-Thaw Preservation of Anti-Microbial Lactobacillus Rhamnosus and Saccharomyces Boulardii Metabolite Complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-358
Author(s):  
Olena Isayenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
New Products ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Resistance Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inhibition Zones

The paper demonstrates an antimicrobial effect of metabolite complexes of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces boulardii, obtained by own method, after 6 months’ storage in a frozen state (−23 ± 1ºС) in respect of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemoliticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium xerosis with multidrug resistance. Increase in diameters of growth inhibition zones (by (3.0 ± 0.4)–(6.1 ± 0.3) mm) for all the investigated pathogens under the influence of metabolite complexes (freshly obtained and after storage) with azithromycin has been proven. No significant difference in antimicrobial activity of antibacterial agents with freshly obtained complexes and after storage at (−23 ± 1)°C was found. The expediency of using the chosen storage method to design the brand new products as well as development of ‘auxiliary drugs’ for antibiotics was confirmed.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Probiotic Properties of Indigenous Yeasts Isolated from Nigerian Fermented Food Products

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
I. A. Adesokan ◽  
A. I. Sanni ◽  
S. S. Kanwar
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Adhesive Property ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Bile Tolerance ◽  
Acid And Bile Tolerance ◽  
Indigenous Yeast

Probiotics are living microbial food supplements which beneficially affect the host by improving the intestinal microbial balance. Before an organism can be designated as probiotic there are certain criteria that must be fulfilled. These include acid and bile tolerance, antimicrobial activity, ability to co-aggregate, hydrophobicity etc. One hundred and eighty one indigenous yeast isolates recovered from various fermented food products of Nigeria were characterized and grouped using phenotypic methods. Forty two selected yeast isolates were identified using molecular method which involved sequencing of D1 and D2 domain of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA. Then nine indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated for their probiotic characteristics such as acid and bile tolerance, transit in simulated gastric and intestinal juices, autoaggregation and hydrophobicity. Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC10 was included as a positive control. The S. cerevisiae were able to grow in the presence of acidic medium with pH as low as 2 and 3. In the minimum inhibitory concentration test with 0-1% ox bile, all the S. cerevisiae tested were able to grow. The growth for 3% bile tolerance test ranged from 4.81 to 5.35 log cfu/ml. These isolates were able to survive in simulated gastro-intestinal transit. All the yeast isolates exhibited bile salt deconjugation activity against sodium glycodeoxycholate and were able to grow in the presence of all other bile salts investigated. Autoaggregation ability (an adhesive property) of the indigenous yeast isolates ranged from 89.80% for S. cerevisiae BK19 to 99.91% for S. cerevisiae OB03. The native yeast isolates also exhibited high percentage hydrophobicity, another adhesive property of probiotics. The values obtained ranged from 31.62 to 83.45% for isolates AG23A and OB 17. These observations indicate that the native yeast isolates from Nigerian fermented foods have the potential of being use as probiotics for making functional foods.

scholarly journals EFEITO DA TREALOSE NA MANUTENÇÃO DA VIABILIDADE DE CÉLULAS DE LEVEDURAS DESIDRATADAS POR LIOFILIZAÇÃO

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. ALCARDE ◽  
L.C. BASSO
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da trealose endógena e também o uso da trealose como crioprotetor, na preservação da viabilidade celular de leveduras de interesse industrial quando submetidas ao processo de liofilização. Foram utilizadas as cepas TA (M-300-A) e SA (cepa isolada da Usina Santa Adélia S/A) da levedura Saccharomyces cerevisiae e a cepa IZ-1904 da levedura Saccharomyces boulardii, as quais passaram por um tratamento de acúmulo da trealose endógena, através de tratamento térmico a 45oC por duas horas em meio tampão citrato de potássio 2M, pH 4,0, acrescido de 2% de glicose, e, a seguir, foram suspensas em cada uma de três soluções crioprotetoras, que foram: leite desnatado a 10%, sacarose a 10% e trealose a 10%. Em seguida as massas de levedura foram liofilizadas e, aos 0, 10, 40 e 90 dias após o processo de liofilização, foram determinadas suas viabilidades. Para todos os crioprotetores, as culturas de levedura que passaram pelo tratamento de acúmulo da trealose endógena apresentaram maior viabilidade após a liofilização do que aquelas que não passaram pelo tratamento. Dentre os crioprotetores testados, a solução de leite desnatado a 10% foi o que proporcionou melhor crioproteção às células de levedura.

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