Investigating the center of pressure velocity Romberg s quotient for assessing the visual role on the body sway

Reports on body sway control following microdiscectomy lack reports on side-specific balance deficits as well as the effects of trunk balance control deficits on body sway during upright stances. About 3 weeks post microdiscectomy, the body sway of 27 patients and 25 controls was measured while standing in an upright quiet stance with feet positioned parallel on an unstable support surface, a tandem stance with the involved leg positioned in front or at the back, a single-leg stance with both legs, and sitting on an unstable surface. Velocity, average amplitude, and frequency-direction–specific parameters were analyzed from the center of pressure movement, measured by the force plate. Statistically significant differences between the 2 groups were observed for the medial–lateral body sway frequency in parallel stance on a stable and unstable support surface and for the sitting balance task in medial-lateral body sway parameters. Medium to high correlations were observed between body sway during sitting and the parallel stance, as well as between the tandem and single-legged stances. Following microdiscectomy, deficits in postural balance were side specific, as expected by the nature of the pathology. In addition, the results of this study confirmed the connection between proximal balance control deficits and balance during upright quiet balance tasks.

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The Effects of Stochastic Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation on Body Sway and Muscle Activity

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnhum.2020.591671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Akiyoshi Matsugi ◽

Kosuke Oku ◽

Nobuhiko Mori

Keyword(s):

Soleus Muscle ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Vestibular Stimulation ◽

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Body Sway ◽

Eyes Open ◽

Significant Increment

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether galvanic vestibular stimulation with stochastic noise (nGVS) modulates the body sway and muscle activity of the lower limbs, depending on visual and somatosensory information from the foot using rubber-foam.Methods: Seventeen healthy young adults participated in the study. Each subject maintained an upright standing position on a force plate with/without rubber-foam, with their eyes open/closed, to measure the position of their foot center of pressure. Thirty minutes after baseline measurements under four possible conditions (eyes open/closed with/without rubber-foam) performed without nGVS (intensity: 1 mA, duration: 40 s), the stimulation trials (sham-nGVS/real-nGVS) were conducted under the same conditions in random order, which were then repeated a week or more later. The total center of pressure (COP) path length movement (COP-TL) and COP movement velocity in the mediolateral (Vel-ML) and anteroposterior (Vel-AP) directions were recorded for 30 s during nGVS. Furthermore, electromyography activity of the right tibial anterior muscle and soleus muscle was recorded for the same time and analyzed.Results: Three-way analysis of variance and post-hoc multiple comparison revealed a significant increment in COP-related parameters by nGVS, and a significant increment in soleus muscle activity on rubber. There was no significant effect of eye condition on any parameter.Conclusions: During nGVS (1 mA), body sway and muscle activity in the lower limb may be increased depending not on the visual condition, but on the foot somatosensory condition.

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Laterality of Stance during Optic Flow Stimulation in Male and Female Young Adults

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/542645 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Michela Persiani ◽

Alessandro Piras ◽

Salvatore Squatrito ◽

Milena Raffi

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Optic Flow ◽

Visual Stimulation ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Men And Women ◽

Temporal Properties ◽

Flow Stimulation ◽

The Right

During self-motion, the spatial and temporal properties of the optic flow input directly influence the body sway. Men and women have anatomical and biomechanical differences that influence the postural control during visual stimulation. Given that recent findings suggest a peculiar role of each leg in the postural control of the two genders, we investigated whether the body sway during optic flow perturbances is lateralized and whether anteroposterior and mediolateral components of specific center of pressure (COP) parameters of the right and left legs differ, reexamining a previous experiment (Raffi et al. (2014)) performed with two, side-by-side, force plates. Experiments were performed on 24 right-handed and right-footed young subjects. We analyzed five measures related to the COP of each foot and global data: anteroposterior and mediolateral range of oscillation, anteroposterior and mediolateral COP velocity, and sway area. Results showed that men consistently had larger COP parameters than women. The values of the COP parameters were correlated between the two feet only in the mediolateral axis of women. These findings suggest that optic flow stimulation causes asymmetry in postural balance and different lateralization of postural controls in men and women.

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The Effects of Leg Preference on Transient Characteristics of Body Sway During Single-Leg Stance: A Cross-Sectional Study

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnhum.2020.617222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Žiga Kozinc ◽

Nejc Šarabon

Keyword(s):

Postural Control ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Transient Behavior ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Transient Characteristics ◽

Velocity Amplitude ◽

Additional Information

Instrumented assessments of quiet-stance postural control typically involve recording and analyzing of body sway signal, most often the center of pressure (CoP) movement. It has been recently suggested that transient characteristics of body sway may offer additional information regarding postural control. In this study, we explored the relationship between whole-trial estimates of body sway (CoP velocity, amplitude, and frequency) and corresponding transient behavior indexes, as well as the effects of leg preference. A total of 705 healthy young athletes performed 30 s single-leg body sway trials for both legs. It was found that the transient characteristics of the body sway (expressed as relative differences between individual time intervals within the trial) are in negligible or weak correlation (r ≤ 0.26) with the corresponding variables, averaged across the whole trial. All CoP variables showed transient characteristics, reflected in statistically significant decrease (CoP velocity and amplitude) or increase (CoP frequency) throughout the trial. The preferred leg showed smaller body sway; however, the effect sizes were very small. Moreover, differences between the legs were also noted in terms of transient characteristics of body sway. In particular, the preferred leg showed earlier reduction in anterior–posterior body sway and larger reduction in medial–lateral body sway. Further studies should focus on examining the clinical utility of indexes of transient behavior of body sway, for instance, their sensitivity to aging-related changes and risk of falling.

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The effect of music on body sway when standing in a moving virtual environment

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0258000 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0258000

Author(s):

Shaquitta Dent ◽

Kelley Burger ◽

Skyler Stevens ◽

Benjamin D. Smith ◽

Jefferson W. Streepey

Keyword(s):

Virtual Reality ◽

Virtual Environment ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Force Plate ◽

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Visual Environment ◽

Auditory Information ◽

Eyes Closed ◽

Do So

Movement of the visual environment presented through virtual reality (VR) has been shown to invoke postural adjustments measured by increased body sway. The effect of auditory information on body sway seems to be dependent on context with sounds such as white noise, tones, and music being used to amplify or suppress sway. This study aims to show that music manipulated to match VR motion further increases body sway. Twenty-eight subjects stood on a force plate and experienced combinations of 3 visual conditions (VR translation in the AP direction at 0.1 Hz, no translation, and eyes closed) and 4 music conditions (Mozart’s Jupiter Symphony modified to scale volume at 0.1 Hz and 0.25 Hz, unmodified music, and no music) Body sway was assessed by measuring center of pressure (COP) velocities and RMS. Cross-coherence between the body sway and the 0.1 Hz and 0.25 Hz stimuli was also determined. VR translations at 0.1 Hz matched with 0.1Hz shifts in music volume did not lead to more body sway than observed in the no music and unmodified music conditions. Researchers and clinicians may consider manipulating sound to enhance VR induced body sway, but findings from this study would not suggest using volume to do so.

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Diagnostic Balance Tests for Assessing Risk of Falls and Distinguishing Older Adult Fallers and Non-Fallers: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10090667 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 667 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Žiga Kozinc ◽

Stefan Löfler ◽

Christian Hofer ◽

Ugo Carraro ◽

Nejc Šarabon

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Balance Tests

Falls are a major cause of injury and morbidity in older adults. To reduce the incidence of falls, a systematic assessment of the risk of falling is of paramount importance. The purpose of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive comparison of the diagnostic balance tests used to predict falls and for distinguishing older adults with and without a history of falls. We conducted a systematic review of the studies in which instrumented (force plate body sway assessment) or other non-instrumented balance tests were used. We analyzed the data from 19 prospective and 48 retrospective/case-control studies. Among the non-instrumented tests, the single-leg stance test appears to be the most promising for discrimination between fallers and non-fallers. In terms of body sway measures, the center-of-pressure area was most consistently associated with falls. No evidence was found for increased benefit of the body sway test when cognitive tasks were added, or the vision was eliminated. While our analyses are limited due to the unbalanced representation of different test and outcome measures across studies, we can recommend the single-leg test for the assessment of the risk of falling, and the measurements of body sway for a more comprehensive assessment.

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The Effect of Holographic Wristbands on Proprioception

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice ◽

10.46743/1540-580x/2015.1513 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tyler Dexter ◽

Valerie Herzog ◽

Ericka Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Athletic Training ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Physiological Effect ◽

The Body ◽

Activity Levels ◽

The Past ◽

Single Leg Stance ◽

Pressure Area ◽

Center Of Pressure Velocity

Context: Wearing wristbands embedded with holograms at certain frequencies are believed to increase proprioception. There has been very little research to determine if holographic wristbands have any physiological effect on the body. Objective: To determine if the holograms embedded in the wristbands will improve proprioception during a single leg stance test on the dominant foot. Design and Setting: Controlled Athletic Training laboratory study. Participants: Twenty-four healthy college students of different activity levels (7 men, 17 women; age = 22.6 ± 1.2 years, height = 170.18 ± 12.10 cm, mass = 69.51 ± 15.63 kg) without any lower extremity injuries in the past three months participated. The subjects were also excluded if they have worn a holographic wristband in the past three months. Intervention(s): Each subject completed two trials under three protocols (holographic wristband, placebo wristband, no wristband) in a counter-balanced order for a total of six different tests with each test lasting 30 seconds. Subjects tested under each protocol using a single leg stance test on their dominant leg, hands on their hips, and looking forward at a fixed point on the wall. Main Outcome Measure(s): Balance analysis of the subjects was performed using an AMTI AccuSway Force Platform measuring Center of Pressure velocity and Center of Pressure Area 95. A statistical analysis of the data was done using repeated measures to test for differences between each condition. Results: The results showed no significant differences between protocols for Center of Pressure velocity (F = 1.130, P = .332). We also found no significant differences between protocols for Center of Pressure Area 95 (F = 1.271, P = .290). Conclusions: The results showed that the use of the holographic wristbands or a placebo wristband did not appear to have an impact on static balance. Overall, the results show that the use of the wristbands did not appear to have an impact on proprioception.

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When Musical Accompaniment Allows the Preferred Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Movement

Sports Medicine International Open ◽

10.1055/a-1553-7063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (03) ◽

pp. E81-E90

Author(s):

Analina Emmanouil ◽

Elissavet Rousanoglou ◽

Anastasia Georgaki ◽

Konstantinos D. Boudolos

Keyword(s):

Temporal Pattern ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Low Frequency ◽

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Movement Coordination ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Musical Excerpts ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Musical Accompaniment

AbstractA musical accompaniment is often used in movement coordination and stability exercise modalities, although considered obstructive for their fundament of preferred movement pace. This study examined if the rhythmic strength of musical excerpts used in movement coordination and exercise modalities allows the preferred spatio-temporal pattern of movement. Voluntary and spontaneous body sway (70 s) were tested (N=20 young women) in a non-musical (preferred) and two rhythmic strength (RS) musical conditions (Higher:HrRS, Lower:LrRS). The center of pressure trajectory was used for the body sway spatio-temporal characteristics (Kistler forceplate, 100 Hz). Statistics included paired t-tests between each musical condition and the non-musical one, as well as between musical conditions (p≤0.05). Results indicated no significant difference between the musical and the non-musical conditions (p>0.05). The HrRS differed significantly from LrRS only in the voluntary body sway, with increased sway duration (p=0.03), center of pressure path (p=0.04) and velocity (p=0.01). The findings provide evidence-based support for the rhythmic strength recommendations in movement coordination and stability exercise modalities. The HrRS to LrRS differences in voluntary body sway most possibly indicate that low-frequency musical features rather than just tempo and pulse clarity are also important.

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Evaluation of Body Sway Using Tactile Stimuli on the Body Trunk

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics Information and Systems ◽

10.1541/ieejeiss.136.1135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 136 (8) ◽

pp. 1135-1141

Author(s):

Ryo Hasegawa ◽

Amir Maleki ◽

Masafumi Uchida

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Body Sway ◽

Tactile Stimuli

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Postural sway with earth-fixed and body-referenced finger contact in young and older adults

Journal of Vestibular Research ◽

10.3233/ves-1999-9204 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 103-109

Author(s):

Reginald L. Reginella ◽

Mark S. Redfern ◽

Joseph M. Furman

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Postural Sway ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Sensory Information ◽

Body Sway ◽

Support Surface ◽

Proprioceptive Information ◽

Postural Control System ◽

Fixed Reference ◽

Older Subjects

Sensory information from lightly touching a reference with the hand is known to influence postural sway in young adults. The primary aim of this study was to compare the influence of finger contact (FC) with an earth-fixed reference to the influence of FC with a body-fixed reference. A second goal of this study was to determine if FC is used differently by older adults compared to younger adults. Using a force plate, center of pressure at the feet was recorded from blindfolded young and older subjects during several conditions. Subjects either did or did not lightly touch a force-sensitive plate that was either earth-fixed or moved forward and backward in synchrony with body sway (that is, sway-referenced). In addition, support surface conditions were also varied, including a fixed floor and a sway-referenced floor using an EquitestTM. Results showed that the type of FC, floor condition, and age each had an effect on postural sway. Touching an earth-fixed plate decreased postural sway as compared to no touching, while touching a sway-referenced plate incresased sway. This influence of FC was enhanced when the floor was sway-referenced. Although older subjects swayed more than young subjects overall, no age-FC interactions occurred, indicating that FC was not utilized differently between the age groups. This study suggests that FC cannot be disregarded as erroneous, especially when proprioceptive information from the legs is distorted. Further, FC is integrated with other sensory information by the postural control system similarly in young and older persons.

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