Making delinquency prevention work with children and adolescents: from risk assessment to effective interventions

2012 ◽  
pp. 215-239
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Delinquency Prevention ◽  
Effective Interventions

scholarly journals Biomonitoring and Subsequent Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Phthalates in Iranian Children and Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zare Jeddi ◽  
Mohamad Eshaghi Gorji ◽  
Ivonne Rietjens ◽  
Jochem Louisse ◽  
Yuri Bruinen de Bruin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Iranian Children

This study aimed to estimate the exposure and related health risks of phthalates, and to assess the health risks from combined exposure to three of the phthalates sharing the same mode of action (anti-androgenicity) in children. We determined the internal exposure of 56 Iranian children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years by analyzing seven urinary metabolites of five phthalates. The estimated daily intake values derived from the biomonitoring data ranged from 0.01 µg/kg bw/day for butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), to 17.85 µg/kg bw/day for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The risk assessment revealed that not only the exposure to the individual phthalates, but also the combined exposure to the three anti-androgenic phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP) did not raise a safety concern (hazard index values averaged 0.2). The range of maximum cumulative ratio values varied from around 1 for most individuals to around 2 in some individuals, indicating that the combined exposures were dominated by one and in some cases by two of the three anti-androgenic phthalates, especially dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and/or DEHP. Based on biomonitoring data, the overall combined exposure of Iranian children to phthalates does not raise a concern, while reduction of exposure is best focused on DEHP and DBP that showed the highest hazard quotient.

Role of tri-ponderal mass index in cardio-metabolic risk assessment in children and adolescents: compared with body mass index

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-894
Author(s):  
Xijie Wang ◽  
Bin Dong ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Yi Song ◽  
Zhiyong Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Risk

How Pornography May Distort Risk Assessment of Children and Adolescents Who Sexually Harm

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Pratt ◽  
Cyra Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
The Past ◽  
Length Of Treatment ◽  
Sexually Abusive ◽  
Pornography Consumption ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Abusive Behaviour

Over the past three decades, an accepted “given” of adolescent sexually abusive behaviour assessment and treatment has been that the more serious the sexual acts committed, the more entrenched that adolescent's behaviours are likely to be, with a likely progression from minor assaults through to more serious, intrusive acts. We assume youth engaging in the sexually abusive behaviour may have become both desensitised to the harm they are causing, whilst needing to engage in more severe offences to gain the level of arousal originally achieved through lesser acts. This conceptualisation suggests a somewhat causal relationship between the duration of the sexually abusive behaviour; the severity of the behaviour and the length of treatment required to manage and treat the issue.Has pornography consumption potentially impacted the assessment and treatment of youth who sexually harm? Does a relationship exist between the severity and the entrenchment of the sexually assaultive acts committed, or has viewing pornography and re-enacting what has been viewed altered this relationship? This article explores a number of these themes and questions.

Caries prevalence using ICDAS visual criteria and risk assessment in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Menezes Costa Castelo Branco ◽  
Gloria Maria Pimenta Cabral ◽  
Alix Maria Gregory Sawaya Castro ◽  
Ana Cristina Fernandes Maria Ferreira ◽  
Carlos Felipe Bonacina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Caries Prevalence

Thyroid cancer among children and adolescents of Belarus exposed due to the Chernobyl accident: dose and risk assessment

2002 ◽  
Vol 1234 ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacov E Kenigsberg ◽  
Elena E Buglova ◽  
Julianna E Kruk ◽  
Alla L Golovneva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chernobyl Accident

scholarly journals Association of different obesity indices with blood pressure and blood lipids in children and adolescents

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Plachta-Danielzik ◽  
Beate Landsberg ◽  
Maike Johannsen ◽  
Dominique Lange ◽  
Manfred James Müller
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
Obesity Indices

The aim of the present study was to compare individual associations of BMI, triceps skinfold (TSF), waist circumference (WC) and percentage fat mass (%FM) with blood pressure (BP) and blood lipids in children and adolescents. Cross-sectional data on BMI, TSF, WC, %FM as well as on BP, TAG and HDL were analysed in 4220 (BP) and 729 (lipids) 9–11-year-old children and 3174 (BP) and 536 (lipids) 13–16-year-old adolescents as part of the Kiel Obesity Prevention Study. All obesity indices were similarly associated with BP and blood lipids. In girls, WC had closer correlations to BP than BMI (systolic BP: 0·27 and 0·24 for BMI, 0·34 and 0·28 for WC in 9–11- and 13–16-year-olds). Subjects with an obesity index ≥ 90th percentile had higher prevalences of elevated BP and blood lipids than subjects with a normal index. In children with normal BMI or WC, an additionally elevated second obesity index was associated with a 2·5–7·4-fold higher prevalence of high BP when compared with children with normal indices. In adolescents, an elevated WC plus an elevated second obesity index was associated with a 2·6–8·2-fold higher prevalence of high BP when compared with adolescents with an elevated WC plus a normal second index. We conclude that (i) both BMI and WC are appropriate to estimate CVD risk, (ii) the use of a second obesity index is recommended in children with normal BMI or normal WC as well as in adolescents with elevated WC and (iii) all obesity indices seemed to be appropriate for risk assessment.

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