Optimal Resource Use Over Time with an Application to Ground Water.

2013 ◽  
pp. 285-298
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Over Time

Current issues and controversies in assessing the environmental impacts of livestock production.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (044) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith L. Capper
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Specific Practice ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The environment impact of livestock production is one of the most significant issues within agriculture. Global concerns over climate change, resource use, pollution and other environment indicators means that producers must implement practices and systems to reduce environmental impacts, yet this may only be achieved through assessments that allow impacts to be quantified, benchmarked and improved over time. Although environmental indicators are widely accepted, the metrics by which these are assessed continue to evolve over time as assessment objectives gain clarity and focus, and as the science relating to controversial topics (e.g. global warming or carbon sequestration) becomes more refined. however, significant negative trade-offs may occur between different metrics and denominators such that a specific practice or system may appear to have greater or lesser impacts, depending on assessment methodology. A number of tools and models have been developed to empower producers in quantifying environmental impacts, which will be increasingly important is satisfying future consumers' hunger for information as well as food. These tools must be supplied in tandem with information as to the potential consequences of changing management practices and systems. At present however, tools available are based on differing methodologies, are often opaque in their background calculations and do not necessarily account for all the factors that influence environmental impacts from livestock. There is a clear need for robust tools that can be used as standards for assessing environmental impacts from the global livestock industry and that go beyond GHG emissions to produce a more rounded holistic assessment.

scholarly journals Trends in resource use and effectiveness of ultrasound detection of fetal structural anomalies in France: a multiple registry-based study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e025482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Ferrier ◽  
Ferdinand Dhombres ◽  
Babak Khoshnood ◽  
Hanitra Randrianaivo ◽  
Isabelle Perthus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Ultrasound Screening ◽  
Healthcare Database ◽  
Prenatal Detection ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveTo analyse trends in the number of ultrasound examinations in relation to the effectiveness of prenatal detection of birth defects using population-based data in France.DesignA multiple registry-based study of time trends in resource use (number of ultrasounds) and effectiveness (proportion of cases prenatally diagnosed).SettingThree registries of congenital anomalies and claims data on ultrasounds for all pregnant women in France.ParticipantsThere were two samples of pregnant women. Effectiveness was assessed using data from three French birth defect registries. Resource use for ultrasound screening was based on the French national healthcare database.Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measures were prenatal diagnosis (effectiveness) and the average number of ultrasounds (resource use). Statistical analyses included linear and logistic regression models to assess trends in resource use and effectiveness of prenatal testing, respectively.ResultsThe average number of ultrasound examinations per pregnancy significantly increased over the study period, from 2.47 in 2006 to 2.98 in 2014 (p=0.005). However, there was no significant increase in the odds of prenatal diagnosis. The probability of prenatal diagnosis was substantially higher for cases associated with a chromosomal anomaly (91.2%) than those without (51.8%). However, there was no evidence of an increase in prenatal detection of either over time.ConclusionsThe average number of ultrasound examinations per pregnancy increased over time, whereas the probability of prenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies did not. Hence, there is a need to implement policies such as high-quality training programmes which can improve the efficiency of ultrasound examinations for prenatal detection of congenital anomalies.

DEA modeling for optimal resource use in rice production

OPSEARCH ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
B. Satpathy ◽  
S. K. Hota
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Optimal Resource

scholarly journals COVID-19 Demographics, Acute Care Resource Use and Mortality by Age and Sex in Ontario, Canada: Population-based Retrospective Cohort Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mac ◽  
Kali Barrett ◽  
Yasin A. Khan ◽  
David MJ Naimark ◽  
Laura Rosella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Care ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding resource use for COVID-19 is critical. We conducted a population-based cohort study using public health data to describe COVID-19 associated age- and sex-specific acute care use, length of stay (LOS), and mortality.MethodsWe used Ontario’s Case and Contact Management (CCM) Plus database of individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 in Ontario from March 1 to September 30, 2020 to determine age- and sex-specific hospitalizations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use, LOS, and mortality. We stratified analyses by month of infection to study temporal trends and conducted subgroup analyses by long-term care residency.ResultsDuring the observation period, 56,476 COVID-19 cases were reported (72% < 60 years, 52% female). The proportion of cases shifted from older populations (> 60 years) to younger populations (10-39 years) over time. Overall, 10% of individuals were hospitalized, of those 22% were admitted to ICU, and 60% of those used IMV. Mean LOS for individuals in the ward, ICU without IMV, and ICU with IMV was 12.8, 8.5, 20.5 days, respectively. Mortality for individuals receiving care in the ward, ICU without IMV, and ICU with IMV was 24%, 30%, and 45%, respectively. All outcomes varied by age and decreased over time, overall and within age groups.InterpretationThis descriptive study shows acute care use and mortality varying by age, and decreasing between March and September in Ontario. Improvements in clinical practice and changing risk distributions among those infected may contribute to fewer severe outcomes among those infected with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Back to Where It All Began: Revisiting Algonquin Resource Use and Territoriality

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Inksetter
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
Over Time

This article examines resource use among the Algonquin and its change over time. Archaeological and historical data show that the current importance of the moose for both food and clothing among Algonquin people is a relatively recent phenomenon: in pre-contact times up until the nineteenth century, small mammals such as beaver and hare were the most important animals used. The dichotomy between access rights to moose and fur-bearing animals also seems to be a recent phenomenon. As this dichotomy has been used as a major element in theoretical reconstructions of past territoriality and governance, this re-evaluation thus offers a renewed perspective on the history of family hunting territories among Algonquian peoples.

scholarly journals Eco-Efficiency Applied to Dairy Processing: From Concept to Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Benoit ◽  
Manuele Margni ◽  
Christian Bouchard ◽  
Yves Pouliot
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Dairy Processing ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations ◽  
Subsequent Addition ◽  
Over Time

Eco-efficiency is a concept which aims at decoupling economic growth from resource use and pollution. The objective of this paper is to review how the application of this concept to dairy processing has evolved over time. Following the introduction of the concept, guidelines and recommendations were introduced in the dairy sector. The absence of a lifecycle perspective and means of measuring improvement led to a subsequent addition of efficiency and intensity assessments. As restrictive regulations and comprehensive methodologies integrating the life-cycle perspective in eco-efficiency assessments were virtually non-existent, the ISO 14045 standard was developed. However, as of yet the dairy processing sector does not appear to have embraced the ISO methodology. Nonetheless, process simulation tools may help and could therefore contribute to the implementation of the eco-efficiency assessments in the dairy processing sector.

Optimizing Income for Vegetable Farming in Puubunga Village Baula District Kolaka Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Devita Pratiwi Hunowu ◽  
Idrus Salam ◽  
Hidrawati Hidrawati
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Optimization Analysis ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Mustard Seeds

This study aims to determine whether the poly-culture of vegetables (mustard greens, spinach, and kale) in Puubunga village has achieved optimal resource use and how much income the farmers use of the resources in optimal conditions. This research was conducted from July to August 2020. Analysis of the data used in this research is the analysis of optimality using the analysis tool Linear Programming POM for Windows 3. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine the sensitivity interval between changes in resources without changing the optimal income. The results of the optimization analysis show that resource use is not optimal. The use of land, mustard seeds, urea fertilizer, medicines (Dursban and Gramoxone) and labor is not yet optimal or not fully utilized while their availability is excessive, so it needs to be added or subtracted from the existing supply. The use of spinach seed, kale seeds, and manure are scarce resources because in optimal conditions all supplies are used up. The total income of vegetable farming (mustard greens, spinach, and kale) obtained under optimal conditions is IDR 777.275 per growing season, which is greater than the actual total income of vegetable farming of IDR 672.814 per growing season.

scholarly journals A Review of Riverbed Extraction and its Effects on Aquatic Environment with Special Reference to Tinau River, Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khet Raj Dahal ◽  
Subodh Sharma ◽  
Chhatra Mani Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Hydraulic Structures ◽  
River Morphology ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Natural Rivers ◽  
Over Time

Rivers not only maintain the ecological balance but also generate resources. Fishes and riverbed materials such as sand, cobble, pebble, boulders, etc. are the sources of income from natural rivers; and these are the important resources in the construction industry.There exist very few studies on the effects of riverbed extraction in the rivers like Tinau. The lack of generic hydrological and climatic data in the river catchment leads to the lack of knowhow regarding the hydrological behavior of the river basin and its consequences over time. This study is the outcome of the literature review on riverbed extraction and its effects on the aquatic environment particularly in the Tinau River. Riverbed extraction can cause many effects on the environment. But this paper mainly focuses on the effects of riverbed extraction on the hydraulic structures, ground water, river morphology, cost externalization, fish species and fisheries for livelihood.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i0.7163 Hydro Nepal Vol.11 2011 pp.49-56

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