Karl Marx: An inquiry into the “Law of Motion” of the capitalist system

2009 ◽  
pp. 242-265
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
The Law

Marx and the “law of value”: Critical appraisal on the occasion of his 200th birth anniversary

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Transformation Problem ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

The paper celebrates Karl Marx’ 200th birthday in terms of a critical discussion of the “law of value” and the idea that “abstract labour”, and not any use value, is the common third of any two commodities that exchange for one another in a given proportion. It is argued that this view is difficult to sustain. It is also the source of the wretched and unnecessary “transformation problem”. Ironically, as Piero Sraffa has shown, prices of production and the general rate of profits are fully determined in terms of the same set of data from which Marx started his analysis.

scholarly journals MARX AND THE “LAW OF VALUE”. A CRITICAL APPRAISAL ON THE OCCASION OF HIS 200TH BIRTHDAY

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (304) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz D. Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Transformation Problem ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong></strong>The paper celebrates Karl Marx’ 200th birthday in terms of a critical discussion of the “law of value” and the idea that “abstract labour”, and not any use value, is the common third of any two commodities that exchange for one another in a given proportion. It is argued that this view is difficult to sustain. It is also the source of the wretched and unnecessary “transformation problem”. Ironically, as Piero Sraffa has shown, prices of production and the general rate of profits are fully determined in terms of the same set of data from which Marx started his analysis.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>MARX Y LA “LEY DEL VALOR”. </strong><strong>UNA EVALUACIÓN CRÍTICA CON MOTIVO DE SU BICENTENARIO</strong></p><p><strong></strong><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p><strong></strong>En este artículo conmemoro el bicentenario de Karl Marx mediante una discusión crítica de la “ley del valor” y de la idea de que el “trabajo abstracto”, y no ningún valor de uso, es el tercer elemento común de las mercancías que se ntercambian entre sí en una proporción determinada. Argumento que es difícil sostener este punto de vista. Esto también es la fuente del infortunado e innecesario problema de la transformación”. Irónicamente, como lo demostró Piero Sraffa, los precios de producción y la tasa general de ganancia se determinan de forma completa en términos del mismo conjunto de datos a partir del cual Marx inició su análisis.</p><p> </p>

1. Socialist traditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-41
Author(s):  
Michael Newman
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
The 19Th Century

‘Socialist traditions’ looks at the early forms of socialism that arose in reaction to the poverty and inequality caused by the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. Three key socialist theories—utopianism, anarchism, and Marxism—are explored. The utopians pioneered the idea of communes, anarchists and collectivists encouraged distrust in authority and hierarchy, and Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels introduced their concept of socialism as a result of the conflicts inherent in the capitalist system. Leninism in Russia was not a fully-fledged philosophical or political movement, but it was shaped by a socialist belief in the workers’ right to control their fate.

Karl Marx and the Economics of Communism: Anniversary Recollections

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-328
Author(s):  
Gabriel Temkin
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Marxian Theory ◽  
Labor Theory Of Value ◽  
Labor Theory ◽  
The Law ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
Insight Into

This paper grew out of the author's Karl Marx studies and his practical knowledge of Soviet-type communist economies. It covers a broad spectrum of ideas and practices prevalent in those economies, which— rightly or wrongly—have become associated with Marx's teaching and predictions. Chapter I tries to explain the reasons for Marx's continuous popularity. Chapter II critically examines the validity of the claim about Marxian socialism being “scientific” as opposed to “utopian”. The article, especially in chapter III elaborates on a number of other Marxian ideas, like that of the so-called “anarchy of the market”, which for many decades exerted a negative influence on his followers—theoreticians and practitioners engaged in building what they believed to be a communist economy and society. One of the quintessential features of Marx's teaching, which he took over from Smith and Ricardo, was the labor theory of value and the “law of value” in particular. The latter, interpreted by Stalin as “the law of value under socialism”, was used by him for ideological and propaganda purposes, but after his death has in turn been utilized by Marxists, non-Marxists and anti-Marxists to discredit the Stalinist economic system, and to advance propositions ranking from profound, relevant and commendable to vague and frivolous. Tracing in Chapter IV the peripetia of this “law” provides a deeper insight into both the essential weaknesses of the Marxian theory and the acute dilemmas of the Soviet-type economies.

scholarly journals The ancient economy, Modernity and the East and West relationship: the contributions of Karl Marx and Max Weber

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-505
Author(s):  
Alexandre Galvão Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Ancient Economy ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Old Economy

The work of Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Max Weber (1864-1920) on the economy and society of the ancient world inaugurate a new perspective in relation to the economists of the 18th and 19th centuries and in debates about the old economy locked in Germany in the late 19th century. Different from neoclassical economists and the modernists and primitivism, these authors will defend the thesis of a radical break between the old world and the modern. A discontinuity marked, for Marx, the birth of the capitalist system, and for Weber, of modern capitalism. In addition to this similarity, these thinkers have reinforced the Eurocentric view by stating that the cultural and political roots of modern west lie in Classical Antiquity, reinforcing a tradition of thought of deep rifts between the ancient societies of the East and the societies of the Greco-Roman world, much contested in current historiography.

scholarly journals Makna Kerja Menurut Karl Marx

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-144
Author(s):  
Johanis Hence Raharusun
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
New Perspective

The essay deals with the essential meaning of work according to Karl Marx. The purpose of the essay is to offer a new perspective on the meaning of work based on the thinking of Marx. Based on the literature review, it presents Marx's concept of work that becomes his critique to the objective conditions of workers who experienced degradation in their work. In Marx’s opinion, the workers were alienated from themselves, from their work milieu and social environment because of the capitalist system that only seeks profit for the owner’s capital. Marx emphasized that work is an existential human act because it contains rational, universal, and autonomous values. Work is also a differentiating activity between humans and animals. It becomes a human means of changing nature, it should be regarded as a process of human self-realization and as a means of socializing with others

scholarly journals PRAWO W UTOPII KOMUNISTYCZNEJ. ZARYS PROBLEMATYKI

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Karol Kuźmicz
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Revolutionary Movement ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
The World ◽  
Friedrich Engels ◽  
The Law ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Revolution

LAW IN THE COMMUNIST UTOPIA. AN OUTLINE OF TOPIC Summary The Communist Utopia is strictly connected with the philosophical concepts of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the 19th century. It is based on historical and dialectical materialism, which were later developed by younger philosophers who created Communist ideology. The scientific character of Communism was stressed and they claimed that it is possible to reach Communism, which will be the highest achievement of social development of progressive mankind. According to XI thesis about Ludwig Feuerbach “the philosophers have interpreted the world in many ways, but the clue problem is to change the world”. In order to change the world law was supposed to be used, because the philosophers claimed that it is easier to create a new man and new world than to adapt the system to people. The transition to Communism, with its first phase called „real socialism”, was connected with the fight of classes, which was supposed to be sharper and sharper. In this fight the law had to be both sword and shield on the way to Communism. The law was used as a tool in this fight against „relics of capitalism” such as: counter-revolution, imperialism, non-socialist attitude towards ownership and labor, nationalistic prejudices, religion and many other relics of capitalism. The Communist ideology presumed that reaching the power would be achieved by the revolution. In political and legal practice the ideology was totalitarian. The Communist system has elaborated its own theory of state and law, according to which the law was regarded as a tool for rulers, who wanted to achieve their own goals (often Utopian). The revolutionary movement tried to preserve the changes by binding law. As a result of it the law was instrumentally treated by the regime, which itself was above the law. The Communism, which as a presumption was not Utopian, has occurred to be anti-Utopian (so called negative Utopia). According to Leszek Kołakowski, the Communism was a “total lie” from the beginning. The highest point of the Communist Utopia was a presumption that at the end of the revolution the state and law will not be necessary any more. The non-class society will reach Communist paradise on the earth.

scholarly journals PENGANTAR MENGENAI TEORI MARXIS TENTANG HUKUM

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Critical Philosophy ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Law

The opinion of Karl Marx becomes the inspiration for the appearance of the critical philosophy in the field of economics, social, politic and law. The spirit is to criticize the capitalism system that assumed of negative effect for the human life. When those opinion is came into the law, it bring the criticism to attendance of law in capitalist  society. In capitalist society, law is not a free value, it’s not neutral character and always related with the economic factor and also existing politics. Kata Kunci : teori marxis dan sistem kapitalisme

How the Law Rules: Variations on Some Themes in Karl Marx

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Corrigan ◽  
Derek Sayer
Keyword(s):  
Karl Marx ◽  
The Law
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