The weakest link in the chain? Some comments on the Marxist theory of action

2022 ◽  
pp. 57-97
Author(s):  
David Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Weakest Link

For a Freudo-Marxist critique of social domination: Rediscovering Erich Fromm through the mirror of Pierre Bourdieu

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas K. Cheliotis
Keyword(s):  
Pierre Bourdieu ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Erich Fromm ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Social Domination ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Established Order

This article aims to make a case and set the foundations for retrieving Erich Fromm’s Freudo-Marxist theory of action and his approach to social domination in particular. To this end, Frommian psychoanalysis is compared with the ‘socio-analysis’ of Pierre Bourdieu. As far as method is concerned, whereas Bourdieu focuses attention on the socio-political processes of production and reproduction of the perceptive structures that individuals and groups employ in their judgements and actions, Fromm fruitfully extends wider to include the links between perceptive and socio-political structures, on the one hand, and the innate structures of the human psyche, on the other hand. Substantively, moreover, Bourdieu tends to exclude physically violent forms of domination from his account of the material effects of symbolic constructs, whilst Fromm consistently places them centre stage. Indeed, Fromm’s analytic operations and foci combine to offer a firm rebuttal to Bourdieu’s curiously ahistorical contention that psychoanalysis concerns itself exclusively with the individual and always in line with some version of psychologistic determinism, thereby serving as an apologia for the abuses subjects suffer under the established order.

Tadeusz Tomaszewski and His Theory of Action

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Materska
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
History Of

Tadeusz Tomaszewski, born in 1910, graduate of the Jan Kazimierz University, Lvov, doctor honoris causa of Marja Sklodowska-Curie University, Lublin, is an exceptional figure in the history of Polish psychology. His scientific accomplishments and organizational talents, multipled by the achievements of his students, had a decisive impact on the shape and prestige of Polish psychology among other scientific disciplines and determined the rank of Polish psychology in the international arena.

World Economic Crisis and Scenarios of Post-crisis Development: Marxist Analysis

2009 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
State Regulation ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
Social Interests ◽  
Marxist Analysis ◽  
World Economic ◽  
First World ◽  
World Economic Crisis

Implications of the modern Marxist theory create the opportunity to show the inevitability, the reasons and the main features of the first world crisis of the XXI century. It has been generated by deregulation of economy, which caused the ‘classical’ crisis of overproduction, and by the new contradictions of late capitalism, in particular, by persistent over-accumulation of capital and by the excessive development of the transactional sector, of the fictitious financial capital and its isolation from the real sector. Marxist analysis of social interests and contradictions shows that anti-crisis measures require not only increasing of state regulation, but also determining on behalf of whom and in the interests of what social groups this regulation will be realized. The authors propose to do this on behalf of the financial capital and in the interests of citizens, but also formulate the neoconservative scenario of post-crisis development.

Karl Marx’s Legacy: The Historical Overview

2007 ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
R. Nureev
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Neoclassical Economic ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western Marxism

The article is devoted to the history of reception and interpretation of the ideas of Marx and Engels. The author considers the reasons for divergence between Marxist and neoclassical economic theories. He also analyzes the ways of vulgarization of Marx’s theory and the making of Marxist voluntarism. It is shown that the works of Marx and Engels had a certain potential for their over-simplified interpretations. The article also considers academic ("Western") Marxism and evaluates the prospects of Marxist theory in the future.

The Attempt to Author the World: How Intellectualism Denies the Individual

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Wheelock
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
Existential Theory ◽  
Feminist Scholar ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Existential Issues

Although primarily known as a feminist scholar and author of such works as She Came to Stay and The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir contributed heavily to French existential thought. The two writings upon which this paper focuses, The Ethics of Ambiguity and The Woman Destroyed, deal with the existential issues involved in human interactions and personal relationships. The Ethics of Ambiguity, famous as an exploration of the ethical code created by existential theory, begins with a criticism of Marxism and the ways in which it deviates from existentialism. Similarly, the first of the three short stories that make up de Beauvoir’s fictional work The Woman Destroyed follows the French intelligentsia and their similarities and digressions from Marxist and existential thought. In this paper, I seek to analyze Simone de Beauvoir’s criticism of Marxist theory in The Ethics of Ambiguity and its transformation into the critique of intellectualism found twenty years later in The Woman Destroyed. I will investigate Marxism’s alleged attempts to constrain the group it wishes to lead and the motivation behind these actions. Finally, I conclude with a discussion of the efficacy of fiction as a medium for de Beauvoir’s philosophy.

TIGA TEORI KLASIK YANG MENJADI GRAND THEORY PADA AWAL MASA PERKEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOCIAL

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwandi S. Sangadji
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Grand Theory

Marxist theory merupakan suatu teori yang terutama berhubungan dengan tingkat struktur sosial tentang kenyataan sosial. Teori ini menekankan pada saling ketergantungan yang tinggi antara struktur sosial dan kondisi materil, dimana individu harus menyesuaikan dirinya supaya tetap hidup dan memenuhi pelbagai kebutuhannya. Penekanan Marx pada penyesuaikan diri dengan lingkungan materil serta sumber-sumber yang dibutuhkan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan dan keinginan manusia, merupakan satu catatan yang penting mengenai realisme praktis dalam analisa teoritisnya. Weber mengakui bahwa ilmu-ilmu sosial harus berkaitan dengan fenomena spiritual atau ideal, sebagai ciri-ciri khas dari manusia yang tidak berada dalam jangkauan bidang ilmu-ilmu alam. Akan tetapi, pembedaan yang diperlakukan tentang subyek dan obyek tidak harus melibatkan pengorbanan obyektivitas di dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial, atau pembedaan yang menyertakan intuisi sebagai pengganti untuk analisis sebab-musabab yang dapat ditiru. Durkheim berulang kali menekankan di dalam tulisan-tulisannya bahwa sosiologi itu sebagian besar tetap merupakan suatu disiplin filsafat, yang terdiri dari sejumlah generalisasi heterogen yang mencakup segala aspek, serta yang lebih tertumpu pada latar belakang logis dari aturan-aturan a priori dari pada studi empiris yang sistematis. Sosiologi, menurut Durkheim dalam Suicide, masih dalam taraf membangun dengan sistesis-sintesis filsafat

Constructing and Evaluating a Validation Argument for a Next-Generation Alternate Assessment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy K. Clark ◽  
Meagan Karvonen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Alternate Assessment ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Validity Evidence ◽  
Dynamic Learning ◽  
Alternate Assessments ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Achievement Standards

Alternate assessments based on alternate achievement standards (AA-AAS) have historically lacked broad validity evidence and an overall evaluation of the extent to which evidence supports intended uses of results. An expanding body of validation literature, the funding of two AA-AAS consortia, and advances in computer-based assessment have supported improvements in AA-AAS validation. This paper describes the validation approach used with the Dynamic Learning Maps® alternate assessment system, including development of the theory of action, claims, and interpretive argument; examples of evidence collected; and evaluation of the evidence in light of the maturity of the assessment system. We focus especially on claims and sources of evidence unique to AA-AAS and especially the Dynamic Learning Maps system design. We synthesize the evidence to evaluate the degree to which it supports the intended uses of assessment results for the targeted population. Considerations are presented for subsequent data collection efforts.

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