Caring and Sharing: Demographic Aging, Family and the State

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-144
Author(s):  
Susan A. McDaniel
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Demographic Aging

scholarly journals Innovative alimentary technologies in the system of public health

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
M.P. Grebnyak ◽  
O.V. Kirsanova ◽  
V.V. Taranov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Working Age Population

Three quarters of the population suffer from alimentary diseases. Dietology is an integral part of the treatment process. It significantly improves the effectiveness of treatment in the public health system. The dominant feature of it is the creation of the design of health programs for the sick person. Purpose of the Study. Substantiation of innovative alimentary technologies of dietary support in the system of public health. Materials and Methods of Research. The materials of the official reports of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and UNAIDS about the state of health of the population for 2014-2016 are analyzed. Medical and statistical method and the method of system analysis were used. Results of the Study and Discussion. The current state of Ukrainian community population health is characterized by crisis phenomena. The age-standardized mortality from non-infectious diseases is significantly higher than in the European Region and the World as a whole. Especially high mortality is in men. The transformation of the age structure of the population makes the «crisis of aging» closer. Specific features of morbidity include high levels of primary morbidity of the working age population and a significant accumulation of chronic pathology in old age. This fact determines the increase of the volume of medical services and the widespread use of innovative alimentary technologies, which serve as a necessary background for therapeutic agents. Conclusions. Public health of the population of Ukraine is characterized by high mortality from non-infectious diseases, marked demographic aging, high level of primary morbidity of the working age population, polymorbidity in older age. Due to critical phenomena in the state of public health of the population, the volume of necessary assistance substantially increases and requires the intensive application of innovative nutritional technologies. Promising alimentary technologies are metabolic therapy, nutritional support and dietary support of the treatment process. Key Words: alimentary technologies, innovation, health, nutrition.

Social Imperatives of Economic Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-22
Author(s):  
A. A. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Population Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
The Real ◽  
Transition Speed ◽  
Demographic Aging

The paper analyzes social imperatives in Russian society in the 2010s in the context of the ongoing reforms and tasks arising from the presidential decrees of 2012 and 2018. The subject of research is the social and economic implications of the population aging and their impact on the state macroeconomic policy. The purpose of research was to identify the real problems of demographic aging and differences in approaches to their solution in developed countries and in Russia. The paper also analyzes the experience of the retirement-age increase in the OECD countries and substantiates the conclusion about its fundamental difference from the Russian reform of 2018 characterized by the socially dangerous transition speed. It is concluded that the economic activity of elderly people in the Russian economy is increasing and has an impact on its future even without raising the retirement age; the real demographic burden of the elderly is revealed which in Russia is much lower at present and in the long term, therefore, there can be no arguments in favor of the reforms carried out. The niche of social transformations related to the growing share of the «NEET» generation unused in the state policy is demonstrated.

scholarly journals AGING OF THE CHORNOBYL CATASTROPHE SURVIVORS AND PROBLEMS OF THEIR MENTAL HEALTH SURVEY

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 162-187
Author(s):  
N. Gunko ◽  
◽  
K. Loganovsky ◽  
V. Buzunov ◽  
N. Korotkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Continue Research ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Survey

Background. Depopulation processes in Ukraine have been affected by the Chornobyl catastrophe (ChC), but the rate of demographic aging of survivors remains uncertain. Although the mental health disorders of the survivors are recognized internationally, problems of their research remain unresolved. Thus, these areas of research are relevant. Objective is to determine the rate of demographic aging of survivors of the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident and to analyze the state of their mental health survey, outlining solutions. Materials and methods. Information and statistical sources for 1986–2019 of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the age of the ChC survivors are used. The results of previous own research and other scientists using the data of the Clinical and Epidemiological Register (CER) of the State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (NRCRM), the State Register of ChC survivors (SRU), and the Department of Radiation Psychoneurology, Institute of Clinical Radiology, NRCRM are integrated. Theoretical, general scientific, demographic and mathematical-statistical research methods and documentary analysis are used. Results. It is shown that in 2018, compared to 1995, the number of the ChC survivors, who are under the supervision of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, decreased by almost 987 thousand. The part of people born from persons of the 1st–3rd accounting groups increased in the structure of survivors (from 13.1 % in 1995 to 13.6 %), and this decreased in persons living or lived in the territories subject to supervision (75.1 % and 63.1 %, respectively), but in evacuees and Chornobyl clean-up workers (liquidators) this did not change significantly. A high level of aging of the ChC survivors (except for the 4th group) is revealed: liquidators – 59.0 %; evacuees – 25.0 %, and residents of radioactively contaminated territories (RCT) – 30.7 %. It has been proved that the countries of RCT differ significantly in the number of the ChC survivors and their structure. The increase in the post-accident period indicators of the level of aging and the average age of the RCT population indicates negative changes in age parameters and the need to continue research to identify factors «responsible» for such changes. Long-term mental health disorders and neuropsychiatric effects in the ChC survivors have been identified – an excess of cerebrovascular pathology and neurocognitive deficits, especially in liquidators, which may indicate an accelerated aging. Radiation risks have been revealed for acute and chronic cerebrovascular pathology and organic mental disorders of non-psychotic and psychotic levels. Neurophysiological and molecular-biological atypia of aging processes under an exposure to low doses of and low dose rate of ionizing radiation have been found. The psyche under the age of 40 years old at the time of exposure is more vulnerable. Existing statistical and registry data underestimate the level of mental disorders in the population of Ukraine, including the ChC survivors by an order of magnitude. Conclusions. The ChC survivors are aging in the country. The negative tendencies in age parameters of survival indicate the need to continue research to identify the factors «responsible» for such changes. Mental health disorders and neuropsychiatric effects in the ChC survivors are underestimated. It is necessary to create a national psychiatric registry of Ukraine and long-term (lifelong) monitoring of survivors with well-planned clinical and epidemiological studies of general and mental health with reliable dosimetric support based on national registries using the latest information technologies. Key words: Chornobyl catastrophe survivors, demographic aging, mental health, registers.

scholarly journals STATE GOVERNANCE OF SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN AGING SOCIETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1187
Author(s):  
Viktor M. Zaharov ◽  
Oleg V. Bykhtyn ◽  
Ivan I. Gulyaev ◽  
Natal'ya V. Shevchenko ◽  
Maksim V. Selyukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
World Health ◽  
Aging Society ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
The World ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Health Organization

Purpose of the study: The main approach of the research is a combination of methodological and applied aspects, including the development of public policy directions aimed at prolonging the active longevity of the Russian population. Methodology: The research used a statistical analysis of the processing of official statistics of Rosstat, data of international organizations - the United Nations (Population Division), the World Bank, the World Health Organization (WHO); analytical - analysis of regulatory legal acts of Russian and international law in the field of regulation. Results: The authors analyze global and Russian trends in an aging society. The influence of the demographic aging of the population on the socio-economic development of the state is revealed. The main directions of the state policy in relation to the aging problems of the population are determined, and the world experience of solving the indicated problems is studied. Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of state governance of socio-demographic processes in an aging society is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals Quality of life assessment of the older population at the substantiation of active longevity strategies in the context of structural demographic changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Burtseva ◽  
S. N. Gagarina ◽  
N. Yu. Chausov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Demographic Changes ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Rule Making

Demographic aging is an evolutionary process, that requires the development and implementation of the state policy of active longevity in order to improve the quality of life of the population and sustainable development of the state. The results of studies to assess the quality of life, the rule-making activities of international organizations to ensure active longevity have been summarized in the article. Based on the results of the analysis of structural demographic changes in the Russian Federation, the significance of the task to improve the quality of life of the elderly population has been substantiated. Methodological approaches to the quality of citizens` life assessment for justification of the state strategies for active longevity have been offered.

scholarly journals Research of features of statistical accounting of primary disability of the adult population in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
Leila N. Natsun
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Disability Group ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
The Impact

Disability of the population is one of the most topical challenges to society in the context of demographic aging of the population. To ensure the most effective response to this challenge, reliable information is needed about the health status of the population and the actual extent of disability in the main socio-demographic groups. In Russia, the study of disability issues is devoted to the works of many researchers, performed in the framework of medical, sociological and economic disciplines. Special attention is paid to the structure and dynamics of disability in the country as a whole and in its regions. At the same time, a special feature of the Russian system of statistical accounting for the number of disabled people is its focus on registering recipients of pensions and disability benefits, as well as on data on citizensʼ requests for identification of a disability group. This makes it difficult to assess the real extent of disability, because a part of the population is not included in the number of disabled. At the same time, the extent of accounting errors depends, inter alia, on the rules and criteria for determining disability established by the state. Taking into account these theses, the purpose of this study is the evaluation of the impact of social policy on the dynamics and structure of primary disability in the adult population of the Russian Federation. The information base of the study was made up of research data on similar topics, data from international organizations, and data from Russian state statistics. The paper summarizes and analyzes information about the number and structure of the disabled population, the dynamics of primary disability indicators, and the populationʼs requests for identification of a disability group. The main changes in the legislation regulating the procedure and criteria for recognizing citizens as disabled are analyzed. It is shown that a sharp increase in primary disability in 2005 was due to an increase in the number of applications for disability by citizens of retirement age. The main incentives were the monetization of benefits, changes in disability criteria and rules for pension provision for disabled people. It is proved that the registered indicators of primary disability depend on the reaction of the population to the social policy of the state, and this reaction is differentiated by socio-demographic groups of the population.ʼ

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document