The Place of Interest Groups in the Decision-Making Process: An Analytical Framework

The paper is focused on the discussion about the role of non-governmental organizations during the decision-making process in local governance and what factors influence it. To achieve this, the following steps have been made: first, the concept of non-governmental organizations and their relationship with civil society was analyzed, then possible variations of relationship between non-governmental organizations and their impact to the public sector was described. In the last part of the paper, the stages of the decision–making and implementation process in the municipality were analyzed and theoretical aspects of enabling NGOs were discussed. The analyses showed that the decision-making and implementation processes depend on the understanding of the need to cooperate, the ability of both subjects to work together, their relationship with citizens and other interest groups.

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Comparison of the Influence of the Chinese Lobby and the Israeli Lobby in the United States

MGIMO Review of International Relations ◽

10.24833/2071-8160-2015-5-44-84-98 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 84-98

Author(s):

D. B. Grafov

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Decision Making ◽

Interest Groups ◽

Political System ◽

The United States ◽

Executive Branch ◽

The Political ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

National Interests ◽

China Lobby

The article is about how pro-Israel and pro-China interest groups try to lobby on the ground of Capitol, White House and executive branch. The study of the lobbying results is based on «General theory of action» T. Parsons. It is concluded that for lobbying interests the main point will be the representation of the interests in the political and public spaces and the creating of advocacy and lobbying infrastructure. The ability of the Israeli lobby to achieve the goal can be explained, firstly, by political inclusion in the decision-making process, and, secondly, by almost axiomatic representation Israel interests through the national interests of the United States. The Israeli lobby can be considered as the religious lobby. It can use the possibilities of Jewish religious organizations in grass root action. Also this gives the opportunity to avoid the requirements of the LDA. From the point of view of the theory of Talcott Parsons, the success of the Israeli lobby is the cause of the action of a large number of actors that may form in large groups. Another advantage of the Israeli lobby is the ability of its members to get relevant information about the current situation in different spheres of political life in the U.S. The objective of the present study was to reveal the ways in which China lobby succeeds. The influence of China lobby on decision-making process in the United States can be explained through strong economic ties between American corporations and the Chinese market. When lobbying China uses numerous Chinese Diaspora in many States, as well as trying to interest of the former high-ranking American officials, granting them special privileges for doing business in China. In comparison to the Israeli lobby, the Chinese lobby has weaknesses. Chinese interest groups are not included in the political system of the USA and this is the disadvantage of the Chinese way of lobbying. Unlike Israel lobby Chinese one is external. The interests of the chinese pressure groups do not coincide with American national interests. Their actors are not rooted in the American political system.

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Integration of uncertainties in water and flood risk management

Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences ◽

10.5194/piahs-370-193-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 370 ◽

pp. 193-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Höllermann ◽

M. Evers

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Reservoir Management ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Knowledge Assessment ◽

Potential Fields ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Informed Decision Making ◽

Flood Prevention ◽

First Results ◽

Relevant Factors

Abstract. Water management is challenged by hydrological and socio-economic change and hence often forced to make costly and enduring decisions under uncertainty. Thus, thinking beyond current acknowledged and known limits is important to consider these changes and the dynamic of socio-hydrological interactions. For example, reservoir management aiming at flood reduction and mitigation has to cope with many different aspects of uncertainty. The question is to what extent can, do and should these uncertainties have implications on planning and decision-making? If practice recognises uncertainties they frequently use risk based decision approaches to acknowledge and handle them by e.g. relating them to other decision relevant factors, while science is mostly preoccupied in reducing these uncertainties. Both views are of relevance and a risk focused approach is needed to bridge the different perspectives covering all significant aspects of uncertainty. Based on a review of various characteristics and perceptions of uncertainty, this paper proposes a new analytical framework where the various aspects of uncertainty are condensed and a risk perspective is added. It thus goes beyond a pure typology and provides an overview of neuralgic points and their location and appearance during the decision-making process. Moreover this paper supports a structured and evaluated knowledge assessment and knowledge transfer for informed decision-making and points out potential fields of action and uncertainty reduction. Reservoir management targeting at flood prevention is used as an illustration to present the analytical framework, which is also amended by the needs and demands of practitioners, using first results of expert interviews.

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Bureaucracy and interest groups in the decision-making process of the Fifth Republic

Faktoren der politischen Entscheidung ◽

10.1515/9783110825770-012 ◽

1963 ◽

pp. 273-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Interest Groups ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Fifth Republic

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GENERIC STRUCTURE POTENTIAL OF COURSE DESCRIPTION

VNU Journal of Foreign Studies ◽

10.25073/2525-2445/vnufs.4659 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Ho Tuong Thanh ◽

Nguyen Thi Minh Tam

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Purchase Decision ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Generic Structure ◽

Different Types ◽

The Difference ◽

Major Emphasis

Generic Structure Potential (GSP), which is a “range of textual structures available within a genre” (Hasan, 1984, p. 79) was developed based on the need for a “generic structure” of a text to gain a comprehensive understanding of a genre (Halliday, 1978). Despite various research into different types of academic and promotional genres, there has been little attention given to the course description. This research seeks to unveil the GSP of course description and identify differences between formal course descriptions and online ones, analyzed based on a fourteen-element analytical framework. The findings revealed four more elements apart from those available in the original analytical framework. Most importantly, the course description was discovered to play the role of both informing and promotional, yet the former role is dominant. Regarding the difference between conventional and online descriptions, online ones were found to possess a higher number of promotional elements but still focus on informing students and promoting the course at the same time. The sequence of these elements seems to resemble the purchase decision-making process of customers significantly. On the contrary, the traditional description puts major emphasis on the informative purpose and shows negligence to the promotional aspects.

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More Democratic Sustainability Governance through Participatory Knowledge Production? A Framework and Systematic Analysis

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12156160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (15) ◽

pp. 6160

Author(s):

Evelien de Hoop

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

Material Objects ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Crucial Importance ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Sustainability Governance

This paper investigates how participatory knowledge production may contribute to more democratic sustainability governance. It develops an analytical framework in order to perform a systematic analysis of the GammaSense project in the Netherlands, on the measurement of gamma radiation by citizens. The paper first of all concludes that the way in which participation takes place throughout each and every stage of the knowledge production process, including technically complex issues such as the design of the measurement system and analytical toolset, has consequences for (a) which aspects of the gamma radiation decision-making process can potentially be democratized; (b) who gains a voice on the issue; (c) which form of democratization process is potentially facilitated. Secondly, the democratizing effects of setting the purpose of knowledge production, defining the research object and developing the methodological toolset are closely intertwined. Finally, providing space for multiple epistemologies and being attentive towards the role of material objects—the issue at hand and the methodological devices—are of crucial importance to realize the democratizing ambitions that the GammaSense project aimed to contribute towards.

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Bilan des groupes et du processus de décision dans la communauté des six

Res Publica ◽

10.21825/rp.v16i1.19591 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 33-61

Author(s):

Dusan Sidjanski ◽

Ural Ayberk

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Interest Groups ◽

Regional Level ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Regional Interest ◽

Historical Pattern ◽

Recent Trends ◽

Functional Areas ◽

Level 2

The aim of this paper is to study the structure of interest groups and their role in the EEC decision making process. The paper consists of two parts ; the first deals with the historical pattern of emergence of these groups, white the second part concentrates on the their contemporary participation in the EEC decision making process.In the first part six empirical topics are developed :1. the creation of interest groups at the Community on regional level;2. the chronological study of these groups and their activities ;3. their geographical distribution across the Community's member states ;4. the functional areas covered and interests represented by these groups at the EEC level ;5. the role of national interest groups and their representation in the interest groups operating at the Community level;6. the distribution of leadership posts in regional interest groups by nationality.A s for the second part, it is in turn divided into two sections. The first discusses the participation of interest groups in the EEC decision making process; whereas, the second section deals with the recent trends in the EEC decision making process.

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Decision-Making Process of International Undergraduate Students: An Exploratory Narrative Inquiry into Reflections of Chinese Students in Canada

ECNU Review of Education ◽

10.1177/2096531119890143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 254-268

Author(s):

Hantian Wu

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

International Students ◽

Narrative Inquiry ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

One Dimension ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

University Administrators ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Decision Making Processes

Purpose: This research is an exploratory narrative inquiry into reflections of three Chinese international undergraduate students in a Canadian university, University S, which reveals participants’ entire decision-making processes as potential international undergraduate students. Design/Approach/Methods: A two-dimensional analytical framework has been constructed. One dimension is based on three phases of the entire decision-making process: the phases of deciding whether or not to study abroad, selecting destination countries, and choosing target institutions. The second dimension is based on three kinds of hypothetically proposed environmental factors within each phase: policy factors, (family and regional) socioeconomic factors, and information factors. First-hand data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted based on the analytical framework. Findings: This article suggests that both policymakers in the source country (i.e., China) and university administrators in the destination country (i.e., Canada) should further support potential international undergraduate students during each phase of their decision-making processes, particularly through optimizing information supply channels. Originality/Value: This article has the potential to construct a new theoretical framework as a supplement for analyzing the entire decision-making process of potential international students. As a pilot study, it provides a template for further investigations.

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Danish State policy on the teaching of religion from 1900 to 2007

Social Compass ◽

10.1177/0037768613482060 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 236-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Niels Reeh

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

International Relations ◽

State Policy ◽

Analytical Framework ◽

The State ◽

The Political ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Political Decision ◽

Political Decision Making

The author presents an analysis of the political decision making process regarding the teaching of religion in Denmark from 1900 until 2007. The author uses Norbert Elias’s concept of the survival unit as the analytical framework of the study. Instead of a classic secularization narrative in which the secular and religious spheres of society are differentiated into separate realms as the process of modernization unfolds, a different narrative emerges in which the State has used the teaching of religion as an instrument to further its vital interests, especially with regard to its international relations.

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AAC Decision-Making and Mobile Technology: Points to Ponder

Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication ◽

10.1044/aac23.2.104 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 104-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mary Ann Abbott ◽

Debby McBride

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Mobile Technology ◽

Communication System ◽

Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽

Evaluation Process ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Alternative Communication ◽

Ipod Touch ◽

Feature Match

The purpose of this article is to outline a decision-making process and highlight which portions of the augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) evaluation process deserve special attention when deciding which features are required for a communication system in order to provide optimal benefit for the user. The clinician then will be able to use a feature-match approach as part of the decision-making process to determine whether mobile technology or a dedicated device is the best choice for communication. The term mobile technology will be used to describe off-the-shelf, commercially available, tablet-style devices like an iPhone®, iPod Touch®, iPad®, and Android® or Windows® tablet.

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