Sustainable Megapolitan: How Large-Scale Urban Development Can Help Green America

2018 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Robert E. Lang ◽  
Mariela Alfonzo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale

Jane Jacobs

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Paul Kidder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
York City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Jane Jacobs ◽  
The People ◽  
Architectural Preservation ◽  
American Cities

Jane Jacobs’s classic 1961 book, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, famously indicted a vision of urban development based on large scale projects, low population densities, and automobile-centered transportation infrastructure by showing that small plans, mixed uses, architectural preservation, and district autonomy contributed better to urban vitality and thus the appeal of cities. Implicit in her thinking is something that could be called “the urban good,” and recognizable within her vision of the good is the principle of subsidiarity—the idea that governance is best when it is closest to the people it serves and the needs it addresses—a principle found in Catholic papal encyclicals and related documents. Jacobs’s work illustrates and illuminates the principle of subsidiarity, not merely through her writings on cities, but also through her activism in New York City, which was influential in altering the direction of that city’s subsequent planning and development.

scholarly journals Large-Scale and Refined Green Space Identification-Based Sustainable Urban Renewal Mode Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rong Guo ◽  
Xiaoya Song ◽  
Peiran Li ◽  
Guangming Wu ◽  
Zhiling Guo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transportation Accessibility ◽  
Urban Function ◽  
Green Model

Urban sustainable renewal has received extensive attention in a wide range of fields, including urban planning, urban management, energy management, and transportation. Given that environmental resource conservation is critical to urban sustainability renewal, this study highlighted the imbalance among green space, urban development, and transportation accessibility. Here, a novel node-place-green model is presented to measure sustainable urban development; meanwhile, deep learning is utilized to identify and extract the green space to measure the environmental index. Based on the generated node, place, and green value, urban developing status could be classified into nine modes for further analysis of transportation, urban function, and ecological construction. The experimental results of Harbin reveal the feasibility of the proposed method in providing specific guidelines for urban planning and policies on sustainable development.

scholarly journals The rise and fall of biodiversity offsetting in the Lodge Hill large-scale housing development, South East England

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Bormpoudakis ◽  
Joseph Tzanopoulos ◽  
Evangelia Apostolopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Neoliberal Policies ◽  
South East England ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper, we aim to shed light on the geographies that led both to the selection of Lodge Hill for the construction of a large-scale housing development and to the subsequent attempt to use biodiversity offsetting to compensate for its environmental impacts. We draw on extensive fieldwork from 2012 to 2016, and diverge from previous studies on offsetting by focusing less on issues related to metrics and governance and shifting our analytic attention to the economic and urban geographies surrounding the Lodge Hill case. We argue that this approach can offer not only an empirically grounded account of why offsetting is being selected to address the impacts of specific urban development projects, but also an in-depth understanding of the factors that determine offsetting’s actual implementation on the ground. Viewing the Lodge Hill case through the frame of urbanization allows us to better grasp the how, why and when particular alliances of actors contest and/or support the implementation of biodiversity offsetting. Our analytical lens also helps exposing the fragility of neoliberal natures and the roles inter-capitalist competition and species biology and ecology can play on the success or failure of neoliberal policies.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Exploration of Chinese Spring Festival Population Flow Patterns and Their Determinants Based on Spatial Interaction Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Bo Huang ◽  
Xiaoqian Liu ◽  
Guangqin He ◽  
Qiang Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
City Development ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Spring Festival

Large-scale population flow reshapes the economic landscape and is affected by unbalanced urban development. The exploration of migration patterns and their determinants is therefore crucial to reveal unbalanced urban development. However, low-resolution migration datasets and insufficient consideration of interactive differences have limited such exploration. Accordingly, based on 2019 Chinese Spring Festival travel-related big data from the AMAP platform, we used social network analysis (SNA) methods to accurately reveal population flow patterns. Then, with consideration of the spatial heterogeneity of interactive patterns, we used spatially weighted interactive models (SWIMs), which were improved by the incorporation of weightings into the global Poisson gravity model, to efficiently quantify the effect of socioeconomic factors on migration patterns. These SWIMs generated the local characteristics of the interactions and quantified results that were more regionally consistent than those generated by other spatial interaction models. The migration patterns had a spatially vertical structure, with the city development level being highly consistent with the flow intensity; for example, the first-level developments of Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chongqing occupied a core position. A spatially horizontal structure was also formed, comprising 16 closely related city communities. Moreover, the quantified impact results indicated that migration pattern variation was significantly related to the population, value-added primary and secondary industry, the average wage, foreign capital, pension insurance, and certain aspects of unbalanced urban development. These findings can help policymakers to guide population migration, rationally allocate industrial infrastructure, and balance urban development.

scholarly journals Growth Rules: Quasi-Historical Development of Urban Districts

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Lynch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Incremental Planning

Our research asks how laws could guide the development of an urban district, without reference to a pre-established street plan, zoning plan, or property subdivision. Could urban development be regulated as a self-organizing system, where a succession of local events, constrained by simple rules, resolves the large-scale structure? We believe that an incremental planning process could help give new districts a sense of particularity, space and order- a sense of place sui generis, which seems missing from so much postwar urban development.

scholarly journals INVOLVEMENT OF THE THEORY OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION FOR CONSIDERATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND CITY BUILDING PRACTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (154) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
К. Didenko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The 1960S

Social aspects of the formation of architectural complexes in metropolian Kharkov have not yet been analyzed in homeland architectural theory. The study into "Kharkov constructivism", due to unfortunate historical ocurrence, is still in fact at the initial stage. Thesises of Kharkov authors illuminate this phenomenon in general or analyze some of the most significant sights. Approaches to the study of social aspects of architecture and urban development went through several stages. Architectural theory of the late 1940s- the beginning of 1950s was sharply critical of the architectural and urban planning experiments in the 1920s. The XXth century Soviet history of architecture in the 1960s and 1970s was marked by ideological rehabilitation of constructivism, including social experiments of the 1920s - early 1930s. A turn from apologetics of the 1960s - 1980s to critical analysis of the architecture and urban development of the avant-garde was indicated at the beginning of 2000s by the studies considering Soviet architectural and urban planning practice in the context of public behavior management as a tool for structuring general population to achieve political goals. Foreign studies into the Soviet avant-garde sprang up in the 1970s - early 1980s affected by Western sociology where architecture began to be viewed as a tool for managing social processes and new types of structures and models of urban planning organization- as “a transition from social to material”. Many studies highlighted the influence of Soviet architectural and urban planning programs of the 1920s and 1930s on the system and structure of public consciousness. There was established that large-scale housing, cultural and domestic construction was carried out as part of the capital's administrative and government center creation programs and the formation of an industrial complex. There were identified four conceptual approaches for housing construction, they were consistently implemented during the realization of the two above-mentioned programs: garden city, communal house, housing complex and social city. In these programs, the concepts of "garden city" and "communal houses" were practically tested and reasonably rejected, and the most productive models were residential complexes and social city. Keywords: social construction, architectural and urban concepts, soviet human, metropolian Kharkov.

scholarly journals Geophysical methods and data administration in Danish groundwater mapping

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingelise Møller ◽  
Verner H. Søndergaard ◽  
Flemming Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geophysical Methods ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Hydrogeological Mapping ◽  
Groundwater Mapping ◽  
Geophysical Mapping

Groundwater mapping in Denmark has high priority. It was initiated in the 1990s when the pressure on groundwater resources increased due to urban development and pollution from industrial and agricultural sources. In some areas, the groundwater mapping included survey drillings, modelling based on existing knowledge and geophysical mapping with newly developed methods that made area coverage on a large scale possible. The groundwater mapping that included development of new geophysical methods showed promising results, and led to an ambitious plan to significantly intensify the hydrogeological mapping in order to improve the protection of the Danish groundwater resources. In 1999 the Danish Government initiated the National Groundwater Mapping Programme with the objective to obtain a detailed description of the aquifers with respect to localisation, extension, distribution and interconnection as well as their vulnerability to pollution (Thomsen et al. 2004). This mapping programme covers around 40% of the area of Den - mark designated as particularly valuable water abstraction areas. Water consumers fi nance the mapping programme by paying 0.04 € per cubic metre of consumed water. At the end of the programme in 2015, the total cost is estimated to be about 250 000 000 € with a significant part spent on geophysical mapping.

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