scholarly journals Water from Air Production System based on Solar Energy in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Production System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Remote Areas

Fresh water supplies are among the most limiting conditions in arid regions. Drinking water shortage is chronic, acute and widespread in North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia. The extraction of fresh water from the atmosphere has been adopted and developed as a new technology to provide water in remote areas. This paper concentrates on the extracting of potable water from air in remote areas using solar energy. A theoretical study for extracting water from atmospheric air is presented and performance of water production system based on standalone PV system was simulated and evaluated for two sites in Egypt; namely, Hurghada and Khargha Oasis. The unit extracts water by using solar thermal energy as the heating source for air and solar photovoltaic energy for supplying water production system driven fan. Perturb and observe (P&O) method for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has been designed and simulated for the proposed PV system. A Mathematical and simulation models using MATLAB/ SIMULINK software have been developed for evaluating the performance of the proposed system. The effect of climate conditions; ambient temperature and solar radiation on the PV system output power based on P&O controller was also demonstrated. It was found that more amount of water from atmosphere can be extracted from densely humid and highly solar radiation regions.

scholarly journals Potency of Solar Energy Applications in Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noer Abyor Handayani ◽  
Dessy Ariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Energy Applications

Currently, 80% of conventional energy is used to fulfill general public's needs andindustries. The depletion of oil and gas reserves and rapid growth in conventional energyconsumption have continuously forced us to discover renewable energy sources, like solar, wind,biomass, and hydropower, to support economic development in the future. Solar energy travels at aspeed of 186,000 miles per second. Only a small part of the radiant energy that the sun emits intospace ever reaches the Earth, but that is more than enough to supply all our energy demand.Indonesia is a tropical country and located in the equator line, so it has an abundant potential ofsolar energy. Most of Indonesian area get enough intensity of solar radiation with the average dailyradiation around 4 kWh/m2. Basically, the solar systems use solar collectors and concentrators forcollecting, storing, and using solar radiation to be applied for the benefit of domestics, commercials,and industrials. Common applications for solar thermal energy used in industry are the SWHs, solardryers, space heating, cooling systems and water desalination.

scholarly journals A Review of Solar Radiation Models—Part I

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Katiyar ◽  
C. K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
The World

Energy is considered as a key source for the future and plays a pivotal role in its socioeconomic development by raising the standard of living and the quality of life, not only for India but also for the world. In view of the scarce fossil fuel reserves, solar energy is one of the important sources of renewable energy used in India because of the suitable climate conditions. It receives about 5485.17 Wh/m2day of solar insolation with an annual total of about 19, 74, 661.2 Wh/m2. Except for the monsoon months, solar radiation incidence is very encouraging, from the application point of view. For the efficient functioning and better performance of solar energy device, the information of solar radiation and its components at particular location is very essential for designing the solar energy devices. Therefore, over the years, several empirical correlations have been developed in order to estimate the more appropriate solar radiation in India as well as around the world. Here we present a review of different solar radiation models which predict global solar radiation and discussed the long-term plan to meet future energy demand with renewable energy due to economy growth.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CONDENSER PERFORMANCE DESALINATION OF SOLAR ENERGY OF THE NATURAL VACUUM SYSTEM AT THE TIME OF LOW RADIATION INTENSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himsar Ambarita ◽  
Eko Yohanes Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Main Component

Natural desalination device solar vacuum system has a main component of evaporator, condenser, and solar collector. The production of clean water from this appliance is strongly influenced by the performance of the condenser.On this research, condenser performance is performed when the intensity of solar radiation is low. The measurement data for 2 days when the sky is not bright is used to perform the condenser performance analysis. The result of analysis on the first day was found that the working energy of condensorsirippada was 141 J / day, while if without 29 J / day fins. So that the effectiveness of fins of 112 J / day. While on the second day found heat transfer using 122 J / day fins without fins 25 J / day to obtain fin effectiveness of 97 J / day. This is very influential on clean water production. The condensate rate on the 1st day is highest at 0.00018 kg / min, with an average of one day experiment 0.0001 kg / min, yielding fresh water of 0.8 Liter. On the 2nd day the highest condensate rate is 0.00019 kg / min with an average of condensate rate for one day 0.00011 kg / min, yielding fresh water of 0.81 Liter.

Design and Development of a Small Multistage Flash Desalination System Using Aspen HYSYS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Islam ◽  
F. Banat ◽  
A. Baba ◽  
S. Abuyahya
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Process Reliability ◽  
Desalination Technology

Abstract Fresh water demands are increasing day by day because of growing population, industrialization, and increased living standards. Desalination technology has become a significant solution of fresh drinking water for many parts of the world. Lack of fresh water resources in dry environments has encouraged the establishment of desalination processes and developed technology to compensate for water scarcity. The MSF (multistage flash) desalination technique has received wide spread acceptance due to low temperature heat source (waste heat/inexpensive energy), simple construction high process reliability and simple maintenance. MSF typically has the highest water production cost among available desalination technologies, which can be reduced with using solar energy/co-generation. Since Abu Dhabi is in the solar belt region and is blessed with huge solar energy, MSF desalination can be powered by solar power in addition to industrial waste/fossil fuel energy, which will significantly reduce the cost as well as carbon, footprint. In this research, multistage flash desalination is modelled using ASPEN HYSYS package V8. We have designed each components of the system, mostly heating source, vacuum/flash chambers, heat exchangers and developed the whole system. Some parametric study, i.e. feed rate, top brine temperature, heat input, pressure, productivity etc. of multistage flash desalination system has been conducted in this research. Two case studies have been conducted and found a relation between feed flow rate and water production rate as well as chamber pressure with vapor formation. This design will help to build the pilot plant, do experimental test and validate the model.

Thermodynamic Analysis of a Mini Hybrid Solar Driven Cooling-Desalination System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasiru I. Ibrahim ◽  
Fahad A. Al-Sulaiman ◽  
Saidur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Output Ratio

Water desalination and air conditioning consumes huge amount of energy that mostly come from fossil fuels, which produces harmful emissions detrimental to the environment. This work is concerned with the use of a new hybrid cooling and water desalination system driven by solar thermal energy. The system primarily consists of an evacuated tube solar collector, LiBr absorption chiller, and a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) unit. Seawater is used to cool the condenser and absorber of the chiller as well as the condenser of the HDH unit. The heat rejected by the absorber is used to drive the HDH unit. Thermodynamic model of the system has been formulated and simulated using engineering equation solver (EES) software. The results show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the chiller nearly remain constant with increase in seawater temperature at the absorber inlet. The average COP of the chiller is found to be 0.76. The hybrid system efficiency increases with increase in the seawater temperature mainly due the effect of latent heat of water condensation. The rate of fresh water production increases with increase in the seawater inlet temperature. This resulted in a higher outlet temperature at the absorber exit, leading to a higher energy input to the HDH unit. Gained output ratio (GOR) increases with increase in seawater temperature. This is due to the direct proportionality of the GOR to the amount of fresh water produced. The results also revealed that increasing the flow rate of seawater causes the decrease in the fresh water production due to the corresponding decrease in the temperature of the seawater.

A TRNSYS Dynamic Simulation Model for Photovoltaic System Powering a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Unit with Solar Energy

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rym Chaker ◽  
Hatem Dhaouadi ◽  
Hatem Mhiri ◽  
Philippe Bournot
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model

This paper presents a Photovoltaic (PV) simulation system powering a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit with no energy recovery device (ERD). The simulation is carried out using commercial software, Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS®). The PV system consists on solar panels (Siemens SM55) with rated power of 55 W, connected to a storage battery via DC-DC charge controller. The load of this system is a pump, which provides the RO system with feed water. The RO unit is composed of one Filmtec spiral wound membrane. Simulation results for fresh water production showed that with a continuous feed of 1.5 m3h-1, a total capacity production of 110 m3 per year can be achieved. The effect of the main parameters in desalinated water production capacity showed that with the increase of the raw water feed flow and the PV surface, the monthly fresh water production increases. They also showed that with the increase of raw water salinity, the fresh water production decreases. This work is validated with literature experimental results.

scholarly journals The Possibility of Developing Existing Residential Buldings by Installing Photovoltaic Modules Case Study: Libya – Zuwarah

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Marim M. A. Baka ◽  
Demet Irkli Eryildiz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Two Samples

Libya is completely dependent on non-renewable energy sources (oil and natural gas that increase the problem of global warming) to meet its needs for electric energy. After its decline in its oil production and the destruction of some power stations, especially after 2011, the electricity sector in Libya witnessed a very significant decline, as it could not meet the needs of citizens in all sectors, including the residential sector. On the other hand, Libya has good solar radiation, as the average solar radiation at the horizontal level is 7.1 kW/m2 in the coastal areas and 8.1 kilowatt / square meters in the southern regions for nine hours per day, and the estimated amount of solar energy available annually is 3.5×109 gig watt hours, which makes it one of the countries that can use solar energy to help meet the increasing demand for electrical energy, and together, this energy is not utilized sufficiently. This work aims to study the possibility of developing existing residential buildings by installing photovoltaic modules the photovoltaic modules have been integrated with existing buildings in Zuwarah city in different ways: on the building roof to perform functional role and facades for aesthetic role. After studying the existing residential buildings in the city, two samples were chosen as case studies to apply the integration of photovoltaic units to them using Sketch Up software, and the PV Syst software, to design the PV system. The study clarified the role that photovoltaic systems play in the sustainable architectural formation through their ability to achieve its rules and principles, and the possibility of developing existing residential buildings in Libya - Zuwara by integrating PV with it. As well as its contribution to solving the electricity crisis in Libya.

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