The Effect of Deprivation on Problem Drinking of Single Person Households : Focusing on the Difference of Life Cycle

Abstract Proper modeling of the usage phase in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is not only critical due to its high impact among life cycle phases but also challenging due to high variations and uncertainty. Furthermore, when multiple products can be utilized, the optimal product usage should be considered together. The robust optimal usage modeling is proposed in this paper as the framework of usage modeling for LCA with consideration of the uncertainty and optimal usage. The proposed method seeks to optimal product usage in order to minimize the environmental impact of the usage phase under uncertainty. Numerical examples demonstrate the application of the robust optimal usage modeling and the difference from the previous approaches. Highlights The robust optimal usage modeling is proposed for the usage modeling of LCA. The proposed model seeks to sustainable product usage under uncertainty. Numerical examples demonstrate the difference from the previous approaches.

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The Importance Of National Ideology In The Educational Process

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations ◽

10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue03-19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 138-144

Author(s):

Khujayev Munis ◽

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Educational Process ◽

Political Life ◽

Usual Sense ◽

Economic Class ◽

National Economic ◽

Current Events ◽

National Ideology ◽

The Difference

In the usual sense, ideology is not a science, although it includes scientific knowledge. The difference between ideology and science lies in the fact that it includes not only scientific knowledge and knowledge about socio-political life, but also an assessment of current events, trends, processes and various forces of this socio-political life. Strictly speaking, ideology does not exist in isolation from socio-political, national, economic, class and other communities and groups. It arises with them, forms and changes as their life cycle progresses, reflecting the interests of groups united by a given ideology.

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Assessing public acceptance of the life cycle of CO2-based fuels: Does information make the difference?

Energy Policy ◽

10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111586 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 143 ◽

pp. 111586 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julia Offermann-van Heek ◽

Katrin Arning ◽

André Sternberg ◽

André Bardow ◽

Martina Ziefle

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Public Acceptance ◽

The Difference

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BIOSYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS EUXOA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE). XVIH. COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL TAXONOMY OF THE SIBLING SPECIES EUXOA RIDMGSIANA (GRT.) AND EUXOA MAIMES (SM.)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent117481-4 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 117 (4) ◽

pp. 481-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J.R. Byers ◽

D.L. Struble ◽

J.D. Lafontaine

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Reproductive Isolation ◽

Sibling Species ◽

Mate Recognition ◽

Recognition System ◽

Flight Period ◽

Interspecific Differences ◽

Mate Recognition System ◽

The Difference ◽

Species Specific

AbstractThe species previously recognized as Euxoa ridingsiana (Grt.) is shown to be composed of a sympatric pair of sibling species, Euxoa ridingsiana (Grt.) and Euxoa maimes (Sm.), which in the laboratory will produce viable F1 hybrids but no F2. Results of F1 sib and backcrosses show that the F1 males are fertile and the F1 females are infertile. In mating-bias tests conducted in laboratory cages, 74% of matings were conspecific and 26% interspecific. Differences in the diel periodicities of mating, which are about 2 h out of phase, may account for the mating bias. The duration of development of E. ridingsiana in the laboratory and its seasonal flight period in the field are about 2 weeks in advance of that of E. maimes. However, there is considerable overlap of the flight periods and, with the tendency of females of both species to mate several times, it is unlikely that the difference in seasonal emergence is enough to effect reproductive isolation. It is evident that, under natural conditions, reproductive isolation can be maintained entirely by species-specific sex pheromones. This mechanism of reproductive isolation is, however, apparently ineffective when moths are confined in cages in the laboratory.Biogeographic considerations suggest that the differences in life-cycle timing and mating periodicities might have been adaptations to adjust development and reproduction to prevailing ancestral environments. If the initial differentiation of the 2 species occurred in isolation and included at least an incipient shift in the pheromonal mate-recognition system, it is possible that upon reestablishment of contact between ancestral populations the differences in life-cycle timing and mating periodicities acting in concert could have effected substantial, albeit incomplete, reproductive isolation. Subsequent selection to reinforce assortative mating to preserve coadapted gene complexes could then have resulted in differentiation of discrete pheromonal systems and attainment of species status.

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The Life Cycle of Plants in India and Mexico *

The Quarterly Journal of Economics ◽

10.1093/qje/qju014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (3) ◽

pp. 1035-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 152

Author(s):

Chang-Tai Hsieh ◽

Peter J. Klenow

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Life Cycle ◽

General Equilibrium ◽

The United States ◽

Process Efficiency ◽

Equilibrium Models ◽

General Equilibrium Models ◽

The Difference ◽

Manufacturing Productivity ◽

Age Range

Abstract In the United States, the average 40-year-old plant employs more than seven times as many workers as the typical plant 5 years or younger. In contrast, surviving plants in India and Mexico exhibit much slower growth, roughly doubling in size over the same age range. The divergence in plant dynamics suggests lower investments by Indian and Mexican plants in process efficiency, quality, and in accessing markets at home and abroad. In simple general equilibrium models, we find that the difference in life cycle dynamics could lower aggregate manufacturing productivity on the order of 25 percent in India and Mexico relative to the United States.

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Systematic Simplified Simulation Methodology for Deep Energy Retrofitting Towards Nze Targets Using Life Cycle Energy Assessment

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12163038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 3038 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Sánchez Ramos ◽

MCarmen Guerrero Delgado ◽

Servando Álvarez Domínguez ◽

José Luis Molina Félix ◽

Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Residential Building ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Simulation Tools ◽

Energy Assessment ◽

Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽

The Difference ◽

Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The reduction of energy consumption in the residential sector presents substantial potential through the implementation of energy efficiency improvement measures. Current trends involve the use of simulation tools which obtain the buildings’ energy performance to support the development of possible solutions to help reduce energy consumption. However, simulation tools demand considerable amounts of data regarding the buildings’ geometry, construction, and frequency of use. Additionally, the measured values tend to be different from the estimated values obtained with the use of energy simulation programs, an issue known as the ‘performance gap’. The proposed methodology provides a solution for both of the aforementioned problems, since the amount of data needed is considerably reduced and the results are calibrated using measured values. This new approach allows to find an optimal retrofitting project by life cycle energy assessment, in terms of cost and energy savings, for individual buildings as well as several blocks of buildings. Furthermore, the potential for implementation of the methodology is proven by obtaining a comprehensive energy rehabilitation plan for a residential building. The developed methodology provides highly accurate estimates of energy savings, directly linked to the buildings’ real energy needs, reducing the difference between the consumption measured and the predictions.

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Life-Cycle Consumption Patterns at Older Ages in the US and the UK: Can Medical Expenditures Explain the Difference?

10.3386/w22513 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James Banks ◽

Richard Blundell ◽

Peter Levell ◽

James Smith

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Medical Expenditures ◽

Consumption Patterns ◽

The Us ◽

The Difference ◽

The Uk

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Adjustment of the Life Cycle Inventory in Life Cycle Assessment for the Flexible Integration into Energy Systems Analysis

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13174437 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 4437

Author(s):

Thomas Betten ◽

Shivenes Shammugam ◽

Roberta Graf

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Systems Analysis ◽

Energy Systems ◽

Use Case ◽

Double Counting ◽

Energy Technologies ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Energy Systems Analysis ◽

The Difference

With an increasing share of renewable energy technologies in our energy systems, the integration of not only direct emission (from the use phase), but also the total life cycle emissions (including emissions during resource extraction, production, etc.) becomes more important in order to draw meaningful conclusions from Energy Systems Analysis (ESA). While the benefit of integrating Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) into ESA is acknowledged, methodologically sound integration lacks resonance in practice, partly because the dimension of the implications is not yet fully understood. This study proposes an easy-to-implement procedure for the integration of LCA results in ESA based on existing theoretical approaches. The need for a methodologically sound integration, including the avoidance of double counting of emissions, is demonstrated on the use case of Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell photovoltaic technology. The difference in Global Warming Potential of 19% between direct and LCA based emissions shows the significance for the integration of the total emissions into energy systems analysis and the potential double counting of 75% of the life cycle emissions for the use case supports the need for avoidance of double counting.

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Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment of an Innovative Bio-Based Material in Construction: A Case Study of a Phase Change Material Panel

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10020160 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 160 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Mohammad Heidari ◽

Damien Mathis ◽

Pierre Blanchet ◽

Ben Amor

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Material ◽

Product Life Cycle ◽

Management Tool ◽

Data Intensive ◽

The Difference ◽

Change Material

Research Highlights: This is the first study that analyzes the environmental performance of wood-based phase change material (PCM) panels. Background and Objectives: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a powerful environmental management tool. However, a full LCA, especially during the early design phase of a product, is far too time and data intensive for industrial companies to conduct during their production and consumption processes. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for simpler methods to demonstrate a company’s resource efficiency potential without being data or time intensive. The goal of this study is to investigate the suitability of streamlined LCA (SLCA) tools and methods used in the building material industry, and to assess their robustness in the case study of a wood-based PCM panel. Materials and Methods: The Bilan Produit tool was selected as the SLCA tool and a matrix LCA was selected as the most commonly used SLCA method. A specific case study of a wood-based PCM panel was selected with a focus on its application in building construction in the province of Québec. Results: As a semi-quantitative LCA method, the matrix LCA provided a quick screening of the product life cycle and its hotspot stages, i.e., life cycle stages with high impact. However, the results of the full LCA and SLCA tools were quantitative and based on scientific databases. The use of the PCM panel and heating energy had the highest environmental impacts as compared to other inputs. The results of the full LCA and SLCA also identified energy consumption as a hotspot. Insufficient material or processes in the SLCA databases was one of the reasons for the difference between the results of the SLCA and full LCA. Conclusions: The examined SLCA methods provided proper explanations for the bio-based material in construction, but several limitations still exist, and the methods should be improved to make them more robust when implemented in such a specific sector.

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