scholarly journals Effects of Repeated Frying on Physical Properties of Cooking Oil obtained from Local Markets in Makurdi Metropolis, Benue State, Nigeria.

2021 ◽  
pp. 469-476
Author(s):  
Terver Daniel ◽  
F. Eriba-Idoko ◽  
J. O. Tsor ◽  
S. T. Kungur ◽  
E. O. Enokela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Rapid Decrease ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Density Decrease ◽  
Cooking Oils

The viscosity, density and specific gravity of different brands of cooking oil samples locally sourced for in Makurdi have been measured with respect to change in temperature. The viscosity of the different brands of cooking oil was measured with the instrumentality of Brookfield Viscometer. The density and specific gravity were evaluated using the mass of the sampled oil obtained with the help of the density bottle. The result showed a pattern of rapid decrease in viscosity with increase in temperature for the oil samples, while density decrease is observed to be almost linear with increase in temperature for all samples. Amongst the sampled cooking oils, palm kernel showed the least viscosity of 8.6 Pascal-second when measured at 45.200C. This illustrates that palm kernel oil has a relatively low viscous nature at 45.200C as compared to other samples used in this work but cannot be recommended to be used as lubricants in vehicles in place of gasoline because they have very low viscous nature within temperatures far less than 100 0C.

Production of Bio-Diesel from Palm Kernel Oil and Groundnut Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Ojolo ◽  
A.O. Adelaja ◽  
G.M. Sobamowo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Percentage Conversion

The need for renewable and environmentally friendlier energy sources has led to intensified efforts with respect to research in that area. One of such endeavours is the production of biofuels from various sources of vegetable oils. Therefore, this work is aimed at producing biodiesel from freshly prepared and clean palm kernel oil and groundnut oil making use of methanol and sodium hydroxide pellets in a base-catalysed trans-esterification reaction. 185g groundnut oil and 187g palm kernel was trans-esterified with 37g of methanol and 0.7g of NaOH pellets at 55°C operating temperature. The result gave a percentage conversion of 91.98% for groundnut oil feedstock and 16.18g of glycerol (i.e. soap) as bye product, while palm kernel oil feedstock gave a yield of 90.53% conversion and 15.20g of glycerol. The biodiesel retained the physical properties of the oil such as smell and colour. The density of the biodiesel from groundnut oil was found to be 850.80kg/m3while that of palm kernel oil gave 848.0kg/m3. The kinematic and dynamic viscosities of groundnut oil bio-diesel were obtained to be 15.9mm2/s and 13.5 x 10-3kgm-1s-1while that of palm kernel gave 7.65mm2/s and 6.49 x 10-3kgm-1s-1respectively.

scholarly journals Preliminary investigation of transesterified waste cooking oil (WCO) as a biodiesel

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Nnamani ◽  
P. N. Okwu ◽  
B. John ◽  
O. J. Abayeh
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil

This research focuses on the production of cheap biodiesel from waste cooking oil [WCO], using the transesterification method. A disadvantage of biodiesel produced from virgin oils is that it is still more expensive than D2 petroleum diesel [diesel sold in filling stations]. The trust therefore of this study is the production of relatively cheap biodiesel, from a cheap feedstock. The conversion of the WCO involved the use of excess methanol and potassium hydroxide (as a homogenous catalyst), in a separatory funnel with vigorous agitation for 30 mins at a temperature of (40 0C). The mixture was thereafter allowed to stand overnight, and two layers were observed. The upper biodiesel [waste cooking oil methyl ester-WCOMe] layer was purified by washing with water [10ml x 5] and dried (anhydrous sodium sulphate). Improvised procedures were used to determine the following fuel quality parameters (viscosity, flash point, cloud point and pour point) and afforded 29.8 sec, 240 0C, 1.0 0C and 0.8 0C respectively. The reaction was conducted within 30 mins at 40 0C. Palm kernel oil methyl ester [PKOMe] was produced from palm kernel oil [PKO] using the same process for WCOMe and the cost of production based on feedstock price only compared. Use of WCO feedstock drastically reduced the production cost of WCOMe when compared to palm kernel oil methyl ester [PKOMe]. Production cost of WCOMe was free compared to N520.83 L-1 for PKOMe. The presence of fatty acid methyl esters in WCOMe and PKOMe was confirmed by GC. Waste cooking oil as feedstock for biodiesel should therefore be encouraged as it affords a relatively cheap fuel and remediates the disposal of WCO as an environmental hazard.

Kinetics Studies of Epoxidation and Oxirane Cleavage-Epoxidized Palm Kernel Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Aliff Farhan Mohd Yamin ◽  
Mohd Saufi Md Zaini ◽  
Veronique Gloria V. Siduru ◽  
Norhashimah Morad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Oxirane Cleavage

Background: Studies pertaining to the epoxidation of fatty acids, garnered much interest in recent years due to the rising demand of eco-friendly epoxides derived from vegetable oils. Methods: Epoxide is an important chemical precursor for the production of alcohols, glycols and polymers, like polyesters and epoxy resin. Epoxidation is the name given to the reaction when the double bonds are converted into epoxide. Results: Temperature at 55oC was used as a reference material in the epoxide process, as it produces a high yield epoxide being 88%. The kinetic rate of epoxidized palm kernel oil, k was obtained to be k11= 0.5125, k12= 0.05045, k21= 0.03185, k41= 0.01 and k51= 0.01243. Conclusion: Hence, by fitting the result with the experimental work and simulation, the summation of error being stimulated by I-sight simulation was 0.731116428 and the correlation between the experimental and simulation data was 0.925544.

scholarly journals Production of biolubricant samples from palm kernel oil using different chemical modification approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel O. Egbuna ◽  
Ukeh J. Nwachukwu ◽  
Chinedu M. Agu ◽  
Christain O. Asadu ◽  
Bernard Okolo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil

Stability of whippable oil-in-water emulsions: Effect of monoglycerides on crystallization of palm kernel oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1738-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merete B. Munk ◽  
Alejandro G. Marangoni ◽  
Hanne K. Ludvigsen ◽  
Viggo Norn ◽  
Jes C. Knudsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Oil In Water
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