Background:
Studies pertaining to the epoxidation of fatty acids, garnered much
interest in recent years due to the rising demand of eco-friendly epoxides derived from vegetable
oils.
Methods:
Epoxide is an important chemical precursor for the production of alcohols, glycols
and polymers, like polyesters and epoxy resin. Epoxidation is the name given to the reaction
when the double bonds are converted into epoxide.
Results:
Temperature at 55oC was used as a reference material in the epoxide process, as it
produces a high yield epoxide being 88%. The kinetic rate of epoxidized palm kernel oil, k
was obtained to be k11= 0.5125, k12= 0.05045, k21= 0.03185, k41= 0.01 and k51= 0.01243.
Conclusion:
Hence, by fitting the result with the experimental work and simulation, the
summation of error being stimulated by I-sight simulation was 0.731116428 and the correlation
between the experimental and simulation data was 0.925544.
Formulation and in vitro release evaluation of newly synthesized palm kernel oil esters-based nanoemulsion delivery system for 30% ethanolic dried extract derived from local Phyllanthus urinaria for skin antiaging