scholarly journals Karakteristik Penderita Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistant (TB MDR) di Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2014-2017

MEDULA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zida Maulina Aini ◽  
Nur Martina Rufia
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
First Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Sputum Smear Examination

                                                            ABSTRACTBackground:MDR TB is one type of bacterial tuberculosis resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs, Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Data from the Provincial Health Office of Southeast Sulawesi cases of MDR TB increase every year that is in 2014 there are 7 patients with MDR TB, 2015 there are 8 patients with MDR TB, 2016 there are 23 patients with MDR TB, and in 2017 there are 28 patients with MDR TB. The purpose of this study is to explain the characteristics of patients with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi in 2014-2017. Research Purpose: This study is to explain the characteristics of patients with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi in 2014-2017.  Research Method: The location of this study was in the Provincial Health Office of Southeast Sulawesi and Bahteramas General Hospital of Southeast Sulawesi Province with study population included all patients diagnosed with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi Province 2014-2017. The research data is processed to know the number and percentage of each characteristic of MDR TB patients in Southeast Sulawesi 2014-2017. Research result: The conclusion of the result of the study is characteristic of MDR TB patient in Southeast Sulawesi 2014-2017 dominated by age 15-55 years old, male gender, entrepreneur job, case of drop out treatment, examination of chest X-ray in the form of infiltrate and cavity, sputum smear examination (+1), the type of Rifampicin resistance, and is still temporarily treated.Keyword: MDR TB, age, sex, occupation, medical history, investigation, type of resistance and treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effect of cycloserine combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Mabin Si ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
Xiulei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Purpose: The present study analyzes the comprehensive therapeutic effect of cycloserine, in combination with anti-tuberculosis drugs using chest X-ray and chest CT (computed tomography) scan techniques. Methods: A total of 90 patients, diagnosed with multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) were subjected to chest x-ray and CT scan before and after treatment in the two groups. Different views such as sagittal, coronal, lung window and multiplanar imaging of mediastinal window were taken. Some parameters such as case detection rate (CDR) in chest X-ray and CT scan and comprehensive curative effect were observed in two groups. Further, the changes in chest CT signs in addition to absorption of focus, cavity closure and changes in CT extra pulmonary signs were also observed. Results: The clinical profile of the patients and the course of disease were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Total effectiveness rate and case detection rate (CDR) values exhibited a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Lung consolidation, nodules and cavities significantly improved in both groups before and after the treatment (p < 0.05). Both groups showed significant improvements in extrapulmonary signs in CT scan (p < 0.05) after the treatment. Conclusion: Based on the study outcomes, the CT scan method has good potentials for diagnosing and treating MDR TB at the early stages. Further, it can clarify the signs and outcomes of the disease at early stages, thus providing the medical fraternity a great opportunity to cure the disease.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Diagnostic Method for Mycobacteria Tuberculosis in Suspected Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
AR Khagi ◽  
S Singh ◽  
S Subba ◽  
A Bajracharya ◽  
R Tuladhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Smear Examination ◽  
Group A ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Group B ◽  
Sputum Smear Examination

Background: Microbial examination of smear of AFB by Z-N stain is currently the most rapid method for the detection of M. tuberculosis but its sensitivity is low i.e. required at least 10,000 bacterial cells per ml of sputum and also none specific, but auramine staining method has higher sensitivity than that of the Z-N stain but there are chances of false positive. Objective of this study was to find the correlation between chest X-ray, direct sputum smear examination by Ziehl-Neelsen stain, Auramine fluorochrome stain and sputum culture for M. tuberculosis. Methods: During that study period 250 x 3 samples were taken three each from 250 patients and divided into two groups A and B by performing Auramine fluorochrome stain in all samples . In group A, there were 150 fluorochrome stain positive samples. One each from 150 patient for comparative study of direct sputum smear examination by Ziehl-Neelsen stain, , culture on LJ medium and chest X-ray. Similarly in group B, next 100 fluorochrome stain negative specimens one each from 100 patients were taken for the comparative study of direct sputum smear examination by Ziehl-Neelsen stain, culture and chest X-ray. Results: In the study group A (n=150) all the specimens were positive in Auramine fluorochrome stain and all of them show positive in X-ray but only 134 showed positive in Ziehl-Neelsen stain and 136 showed positive in culture. In the study group B (n=100), all the specimens were negative in Auramine fluorochrome stain and all of them show negative in Ziehl-Neelsen stain but 14 of them were positive in culture and 24 were positive in chest X-ray. Conclusions: The diagnosis of PTB could be made by Auramine fluorochrome microscopy and culture. Key words: auramine fluorochrome stain; culture; mycobacterium tuberculosis; x-ray; ziehl-neelsen. DOI: 10.3126/jnhrc.v7i2.3012 Journal of Nepal Health Research Council Vol.7(2) Apr 2009 84-88

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Pola Resistensi OAT Lini Pertama dan Gradasi Gambaran Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru MDR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pramanindyah Bekti Anjani ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which has long been known and is still a cause of death in the world. The emergece of the drug resistance in TB treatment, particularly Multi drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) become a significant public health problem in many countries. The diagnosis of MDR TB based on culture results. In some cases radiographic feature with severe abnormalities consideres as MDR TB. From this phenomenon, there is no research that connects the resistance pattern of first line ATD with chest x-ray feature in patients with MDR TB. Methods: The research design are analytical observational with cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital. Subjects were patients who are following a theraphy program in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital from 2012 to 2014 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 65 patients. Result: the result of this study showed that of all patterns of resistance, most of the MDR TB patients were classified as having severe chest radiograph. 27 patients with RH resistance patterns, there were 14(51.9%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 5 patients with RHS resistance patterns, 2(60%) vwho had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 13 patients RHES resistance patterns, 8(61.5%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 20 patients with RHE resistance patterns, 14(70%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. Conclusion: There were no significant association between resistance pattern of first line ATD and chest x-ray feature in patient with MDR TB.

scholarly journals Comparison of Chest X-Ray Findings Between Primary and Secondary Multidrug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 903-910
Author(s):  
Ricky Septafianty ◽  
Anita Widyoningroem ◽  
M. Yamin S. S ◽  
Rosy Setiawati ◽  
Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pleural Thickening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Introduction: Radiological imaging has a key role in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnosis. However, new cases of MDR pulmonary TB are often overlooked; therefore, its transmission might continue before its diagnosis. The most widely used and affordable radiological modality is a chest radiograph. This study aims to describe the characteristics of primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB chest x-ray findings for differential diagnosis. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a retrospective design. Researchers evaluated medical record data of primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB patients who underwent chest x-ray examinations. The patient's chest x-rays were then evaluated. Evaluated variables were lung, pleural, and mediastinal abnormalities and severity category. Results: The most common chest x-ray finding in primary MDR pulmonary TB was consolidation (96.2%), which was mostly unilateral (52.0%), accompanied by cavities (71.2%), most of which were multiple (83.8%) with a moderate category of severity. The most common chest x-ray finding in secondary MDR pulmonary TB was consolidation (100%), which was mostly bilateral (60.4%), accompanied by cavities (80.2%), most of which were multiple (90.1%) with severe category of severity. Pleural thickening (47.5%) was also found. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB in terms of mild severity category, and pleural thickening. Mild severity category is mostly found in primary MDR-TB and pleural thickening is mostly found in secondary TB.

scholarly journals Chest X-ray patterns of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children in a high HIV-prevalence setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Manikkam ◽  
Moherndran Archary ◽  
Raziya Bobat
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Ray Patterns

Background: Paediatric multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) necessitates a prolonged duration of treatment with an intensive treatment regimen. The chest X-ray patterns of pulmonary TB depend on a multiplicity of factors, including immune status, and therefore identifying the influence of HIV on the chest X-ray appearances of MDR-TB may assist with improving the diagnostic criteria. Objectives: To describe the demographic characteristics and chest X-ray patterns of children with pulmonary MDR-TB and to compare the chest X-ray patterns of pulmonary MDR-TB between children who are HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected.Method: Retrospective chart review of hospital notes and chest X-rays of children with pulmonary MDR-TB at King Dinuzulu Hospital, Durban. The chest X-rays were systematically reviewed for the presence of the following variables: hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy, bronchopneumonic opacification, segmental/lobar consolidation, cavities, miliary opacification and pleural effusion.Results: Forty-five children (mean age, 6.29 years; median age, 6.00 years) with pulmonary MDR-TB met the inclusion criteria. The most common chest X-ray finding was consolidation (53.5%), followed by lymphadenopathy (35.6%), bronchopneumonic opacification (33.3%) and cavities (31.1%). Cavities were more common (OR 6.1; 95% CI 1.52–24.66) in children who had been initiated on standard anti-TB treatment for the current TB episode. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the chest X-ray patterns in HIV-uninfected (n = 22) compared with HIV-infected (n = 20) children. Conclusion: The most common chest X-ray finding was consolidation, followed by lymphadenopathy, bronchopneumonic opacification and cavities. The finding of a significantly higher frequency of cavities in children who had received prior standard anti-TB treatment for the current TB episode could reflect poor disease containment and increased parenchymal damage, owing to a delay in the recognition of MDR-TB. The development of cavitation in chest X-rays of children with TB could raise concern for the possibility of MDR-TB, and prompt further testing.

scholarly journals Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Rajshahi District

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
M Wasim Hussain ◽  
M Azizul Haque ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
Maruf Hossain ◽  
M Fazlur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Treat All

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a form of tuberculosis that is resistant to at least INH and rifampicin. Total 4390 new patients with sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled in this study and treated with 2HRZE /6HT or HE. 3908 patients were cured and 482 patients had to undergo retreatment because of relapse or treatment failure. Retreatment was done with 2HRZES/1HRZE/5H3R3E3. Directly observed therapy was employed to treat all the cases. 18 patients remained sputum smear positive after eight months of treatment. So, the percentage of MDR TB in total study population was observed to be 0.4%.And the percentage of MDR TB among retreatment cases were 3.7%. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3190 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 113-117  

scholarly journals Comparison of Chest X-Ray Findings Between Primary and Secondary Multidrug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-862
Author(s):  
Ricky Septafianty ◽  
Anita Widyoningroem ◽  
M. Yamin S. S ◽  
Rosy Setiawati ◽  
Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pleural Thickening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Record Data ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Introduction: Radiological imaging has a key role in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnosis. However, new cases of MDR pulmonary TB are often overlooked; therefore, its transmission might continue before its diagnosis. The most widely used and affordable radiological modality is a chest radiograph. This study aims to describe the characteristics of primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB chest x-ray findings for differential diagnosis. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with a retrospective design. Researchers evaluated medical record data of primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB patients who underwent chest x-ray examinations. The patient's chest x-rays were then evaluated. Evaluated variables were lung, pleural, and mediastinal abnormalities and severity category. Results: The most common chest x-ray finding in primary MDR pulmonary TB was consolidation (96.2%), which was mostly unilateral (52.0%), accompanied by cavities (71.2%), most of which were multiple (83.8%) with a moderate category of severity. The most common chest x-ray finding in secondary MDR pulmonary TB was consolidation (100%), which was mostly bilateral (60.4%), accompanied by cavities (80.2%), most of which were multiple (90.1%) with severe category of severity. Pleural thickening (47.5%) was also found. Conclusion: There was a significant difference between primary and secondary MDR pulmonary TB in terms of mild severity category, and pleural thickening. Mild severity category is mostly found in primary MDR-TB and pleural thickening is mostly found in secondary TB.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Community-Based Systematic Screening of Household Contacts of Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Myanmar

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Nang Thu Thu Kyaw ◽  
Aung Sithu ◽  
Srinath Satyanarayana ◽  
Ajay M. V. Kumar ◽  
Saw Thein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Screening Algorithm ◽  
Mdr Tb

Screening of household contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a crucial active TB case-finding intervention. Before 2016, this intervention had not been implemented in Myanmar, a country with a high MDR-TB burden. In 2016, a community-based screening of household contacts of MDR-TB patients using a systematic TB-screening algorithm (symptom screening and chest radiography followed by sputum smear microscopy and Xpert-MTB/RIF assays) was implemented in 33 townships in Myanmar. We assessed the implementation of this intervention, how well the screening algorithm was followed, and the yield of active TB. Data collected between April 2016 and March 2017 were analyzed using logistic and log-binomial regression. Of 620 household contacts of 210 MDR-TB patients enrolled for screening, 620 (100%) underwent TB symptom screening and 505 (81%) underwent chest radiography. Of 240 (39%) symptomatic household contacts, 71 (30%) were not further screened according to the algorithm. Children aged <15 years were less likely to follow the algorithm. Twenty-four contacts were diagnosed with active TB, including two rifampicin- resistant cases (yield of active TB = 3.9%, 95% CI: 2.3%–6.5%). The highest yield was found among children aged <5 years (10.0%, 95% CI: 3.6%–24.7%). Household contact screening should be strengthened, continued, and scaled up for all MDR-TB patients in Myanmar.

The structures of benzimidazole derivatives and their potential as tuberculostatics

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1684-1691
Author(s):  
Marek L. Główka ◽  
Sylwia Kałużyńska ◽  
Malwina Krause ◽  
Katarzyna Gobis ◽  
Henryk Foks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Aromatic Systems ◽  
Better Than

Tuberculosis still remains a very important problem, especially its multidrug resistant varieties (MDR-TB). Among the potential tuberculostatics, there are two benzimidazole derivatives, namely 5,6-dimethyl-2-phenylethylbenzo[d]imidazole (1) and (E)-5,6-dimethyl-2-styryl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (2) which showed significant tuberculostatic activities, better than those of Pyrazinamide and Isoniazyd. Also, the cytotoxicity of 1 appeared promising. The compounds were studied (with the use of X-ray diffraction) in the form of the hemihydrate of 1, C17H18N2·0.5H2O (1a), the methanol hemisolvate of 2, C17H16N2·0.5CH3OH (2a), and the acid oxalate salt of 2, namely (E)-5,6-dimethyl-2-styryl-1H-benzo[d]imidazolium hydrogen oxalate, C17H17N2 +·C2HO4 − (2b). All three structures reveal a similar extended conformation, despite the flexible linker between the two aromatic systems and the different types of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The molecules of 2a are practically planar due to the double bond in the linker, which enables conjugation along the whole molecule, while the molecules of 1a exhibit the possibility of parallel orientations of their aromatic systems, despite the aliphatic (ethyl) linker.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of Pakistani Beri Honey Using BACTEC MGIT 960

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Abdul Hannan ◽  
Saira Munir ◽  
Muhammad Usman Arshad ◽  
Nabila Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Growth Control ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
First Line ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Growth Controls

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic bacterial disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, being the leading member of the MTB complex, is the main cause of tuberculosis worldwide. Tuberculosis is managed with combination of drugs: streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Over the recent past years resistance against first line antituberculous drugs has emerged rapidly throughout the world resulting in MDR strains. The new threat in the management of MDR-TB is the development of resistance against second line drugs: aminoglycosides, polypeptides, fluoroquinolones, and thioamides. Multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR) strains have become a major concern to control TB particularly in the developing countries. The need of the hour is to look for new modalities having antimycobacterial activity. Honey has been well known for its antibacterial activity. We intended to explore its antimycobacterial activity against MDR-TB. Objective. The objective of this study was to determine whether Pakistani Beri honey has any antimycobacterial activity. Method. The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore. Clinical isolates (n=21) of MDR-MTB were evaluated for their susceptibility to Beri honey. The isolates were provided, courtesy of Pakistan Medical Research Council. These isolates were identified by MTBc ID test (Becton & Dickinson) and further tested for their antimycobacterial activity using Beri honey. The honey was tested at the following concentrations (v/v): 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% in MGIT 960. Growth controls were also inoculated with each isolate (growth control has no concentration of honey, only containing growth of isolate). Results. MDR-TB isolates (n=21) were tested; 3 (14%) isolates were susceptible at 1% v/v honey, while at 2% v/v of honey 18 (86%) isolates were found to be susceptible. All the 21 isolates (n=21) were susceptible at 3% v/v of honey. Conclusion. The present study clearly demonstrates that Pakistani Beri honey possesses significant antimycobacterial activity in vitro. The antimycobacterial activity of Pakistani Beri honey may, therefore, be exploited in an appropriate mouse model.

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