scholarly journals Hubungan antara Pola Resistensi OAT Lini Pertama dan Gradasi Gambaran Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru MDR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pramanindyah Bekti Anjani ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chest X Ray

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease which has long been known and is still a cause of death in the world. The emergece of the drug resistance in TB treatment, particularly Multi drug-Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) become a significant public health problem in many countries. The diagnosis of MDR TB based on culture results. In some cases radiographic feature with severe abnormalities consideres as MDR TB. From this phenomenon, there is no research that connects the resistance pattern of first line ATD with chest x-ray feature in patients with MDR TB. Methods: The research design are analytical observational with cross-sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital. Subjects were patients who are following a theraphy program in outpatient clinic of MDR TB in Dr. Soetomo hospital from 2012 to 2014 who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 65 patients. Result: the result of this study showed that of all patterns of resistance, most of the MDR TB patients were classified as having severe chest radiograph. 27 patients with RH resistance patterns, there were 14(51.9%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 5 patients with RHS resistance patterns, 2(60%) vwho had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 13 patients RHES resistance patterns, 8(61.5%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. 20 patients with RHE resistance patterns, 14(70%) who had a chest radiograph are classified as severe. Conclusion: There were no significant association between resistance pattern of first line ATD and chest x-ray feature in patient with MDR TB.

scholarly journals First Line Anti-Tubercular Drug Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolated From Specialized Hospitals of Dhaka City

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mohiuddin ◽  
J Ashraful Haq
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
First Line ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
High Level

The present study was undertaken to determine the drug resistance pattern of M. tuberculosis isolated from 225 pulmonary and 45 extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. The samples were cultured on Lowenstein Jensen (L-J) media for isolation of M. tuberculosis. Drug resistance to first line anti tubercular drugsnamely isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (ETH) and streptomycin (SM) were determined by indirect proportion method. The overall drug resistance of M. tuberculosis was 53.6% to any of the first line anti tubercular drugs. Rate of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among the untreated cases was 4.2%, while it was 36.0% in previously treated cases. It was found that 83.3% rifampicin resistant M. tuberculosis was cross resistant to one or more of other first line anti-tubercular drugs, while cross resistance of INH, ETH and SM resistant isolates was much low. The present study revealed that high level of drug resistance exists to individual anti tubercular drugs and MDR-TB is an emerging problem, particularly in treated cases. Rifampicin resistance could be used as a surrogate marker for drug resistance to other first line anti tubercular drugs.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2014; 8(2): 41-46

scholarly journals Anti-tuberculosis Drug Resistance Pattern among Different Category of Tuberculosis Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
SM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Fazle Rabbi Mohammed ◽  
Md Billal Alam ◽  
HAM Nazmul Ahasan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background: Anti-Tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance is emerging as a new global health problem. No national data on drug resistance is available in Bangladesh. The absolute number of multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) is expected to be high considering high TB burden. This study was aimed to determine the resistance pattern of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates among different category of patient. Method: A total 1123 randomly selected patients having clinical and or radiological features of tuberculosis attending out patients department of NIDCH were enrolled in this study during January to December, 2008. Sputum were collected and processed for culture by digestion, decontamination and concentration following modified Petroff's method and were inoculated on to two slopes of Lowenstein- Jensen (L-J) media for six weeks. The identity of the isolates was made by growth rate, colony morphology, P-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) susceptibility, catalase and nitrate reduction tests. Ultimately drug susceptibility testing (DST) were performed. Result: Drug susceptibility testing for Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (EMB) and Streptomycin (SM) was done among 363 cases. Resistance rates for INH, RIF, EMB and SM were 76.03%, 71.63%, 27.55% and 55.65% respectively. According to DST report, total 221 cases were detected as multi drug resistant TB (MDR-TB). Among them, 87% cases were MDR-TB in category II (CAT - II) failure and 13% were MDR-TB in category I (CAT - I) failure and it was 0% in new cases. Conclusion: Pattern of anti TB drug resistance was identified in this study. More surveillance and immediate therapeutic interventions should be performed in order to combat the threat of MDR-TB to the general population. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Multi drug resistance, Drug susceptibility testing.   doi: 10.3329/jom.v10i2.2812 J MEDICINE 2009; 10 : 45-47

scholarly journals Karakteristik Penderita Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistant (TB MDR) di Sulawesi Tenggara Tahun 2014-2017

MEDULA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zida Maulina Aini ◽  
Nur Martina Rufia
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
First Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Sputum Smear Examination

                                                            ABSTRACTBackground:MDR TB is one type of bacterial tuberculosis resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs, Isoniazid and Rifampicin. Data from the Provincial Health Office of Southeast Sulawesi cases of MDR TB increase every year that is in 2014 there are 7 patients with MDR TB, 2015 there are 8 patients with MDR TB, 2016 there are 23 patients with MDR TB, and in 2017 there are 28 patients with MDR TB. The purpose of this study is to explain the characteristics of patients with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi in 2014-2017. Research Purpose: This study is to explain the characteristics of patients with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi in 2014-2017.  Research Method: The location of this study was in the Provincial Health Office of Southeast Sulawesi and Bahteramas General Hospital of Southeast Sulawesi Province with study population included all patients diagnosed with MDR TB in Southeast Sulawesi Province 2014-2017. The research data is processed to know the number and percentage of each characteristic of MDR TB patients in Southeast Sulawesi 2014-2017. Research result: The conclusion of the result of the study is characteristic of MDR TB patient in Southeast Sulawesi 2014-2017 dominated by age 15-55 years old, male gender, entrepreneur job, case of drop out treatment, examination of chest X-ray in the form of infiltrate and cavity, sputum smear examination (+1), the type of Rifampicin resistance, and is still temporarily treated.Keyword: MDR TB, age, sex, occupation, medical history, investigation, type of resistance and treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance pattern among pulmonary tuberculosis patients with or without HIV infection in Mwanza, Tanzania

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyagosya Range ◽  
Henrik Friis ◽  
Said Mfaume ◽  
Pascal Magnussen ◽  
John Changalucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Culture Positive

Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance is a major problem in tuberculosis (TB) control, particularly multi-drug resistance TB (MDR-TB). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary and acquired anti-TB drug resistance among newly diagnosed pulmonary TB (PTB) and relapse cases. Sputa were collected from newly diagnosed and relapse PTB patients. Drug susceptibility tests (DST) were performed on sputum culture positive isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using resistance ratio method on four first-line anti-TB drugs: rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol and streptomycin. Demographic and anthropometric information was collected and HIV status was determined. Of the 523 culture positive isolates, DST results were available for 503 (96%), 455 were new and 48 were relapse cases. Resistance to at least one of the four drugs was observed in 7.8% (39/503) of the isolates, 7.3% (33/455) were new and 12.5% (6/48) were from relapse cases. Mono resistance to isoniazid was higher in both among new 45.5% (15/33) and relapse 50.0% (3/6) cases. Resistance to rifampicin and streptomycin alone was equal 4/33 (12.1%) and only among new cases. Resistance to ethambutol alone was only one among new cases. Overall MDR-TB prevalence was 2.4% (12/503), nine were new and three were relapse cases. MDR-TB was 17.9% (7/39) for rifampicin and isoniazid. Prevalence of HIV was 43.3% and was similar among new and relapse cases and not risk factor for drug resistance. Majority of PTB patients (52%) had BMI below 18 kg/m2. Those with BMI greater than 18 kg/m2 were more likely to develop drug resistance than those with BMI below 18 kg/m2  (P=0.004). With the resurgence of TB and the high prevalence of HIV among TB patients, prevalence of drug resistance is still low both among new and relapses cases. Despite the current low drug resistance, there is a need for continuous monitoring of the resistance.

Hubungan antara Luas Lesi pada Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru Dewasa yang Memiliki Riwayat Diabetes Melitus dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ina Edwina ◽  
Rista D Soetikno ◽  
Irma H Hikmat
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. There is a relationship between TB and DM that are very prominent, which is the prevalence of pulmonary TB with DM increased by 20 times compared with pulmonary TB without diabetes. Chest X-ray picture of TB patients with DM is atypical lesion. However, there are contradictories of pulmonary TB lesion on chest radiograph of DM patients. Nutritional status has a close relationship with the morbidity of DM, as well as TB.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the lesions of TB on the chest radiograph of patients who su?er from DM with their Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung.Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Radiology RSHS Bandung between October 2014 - February 2015. We did a consecutive sampling of chest radiograph and IMT of DM patients with clinical diagnosis of TB, then the data was analysed by Chi Square test to determine the relationship between degree of lesions on chest radiograph of pulmonary TB on patients who have DM with their BMI.Results: The results showed that adult patients with active pulmonary TB with DM mostly in the range of age 51-70 years old, equal to 62.22%, with the highest gender in men, equal to 60%. Chest radiograph of TB in patients with DM are mostly seen in people who are obese, which is 40% and the vast majority of lesions are minimal lesions that is equal to 40%.Conclusions: There is a signifcant association between pulmonary TB lesion degree with BMI, with p = 0.03

Current insights into the chemistry and antitubercular potential of benzimidazole and imidazole derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Parwani ◽  
Sushanta Bhattacharya ◽  
Akash Rathore ◽  
Chaitali Mallick ◽  
Vivek Asati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Benzimidazole Derivatives ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistance ◽  
Improved Characteristics

: Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), affecting millions of people worldwide. The emergence of drug resistance is a major problem in the successful treatment of tuberculosis. Due to the commencement of MDR-TB (multi-drug resistance) and XDR-TB (extensively drug resistance), there is a crucial need for the development of novel anti-tubercular agents with improved characteristics such as low toxicity, enhanced inhibitory activity and short duration of treatment. In this direction, various heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized and screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Among them, benzimidazole and imidazole containing derivatives found to have potential anti-tubercular activity. The present review focuses on various imidazole and benzimidazole derivatives (from 2015-2019) with their structure activity relationships in the treatment of tuberculosis.

Changing patterns and widening of antibiotic resistance inShigellaspp. over a decade (2000–2011), Andaman Islands, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BHATTACHARYA ◽  
H. BHATTACHARYA ◽  
D. S. SAYI ◽  
A. P. BHARADWAJ ◽  
M. SINGHANIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

SUMMARYThis study is a part of the surveillance study on childhood diarrhoea in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; here we report the drug resistance pattern of recent isolates ofShigellaspp. (2006–2011) obtained as part of that study and compare it with that ofShigellaisolates obtained earlier during 2000–2005. During 2006–2011, stool samples from paediatric diarrhoea patients were collected and processed for isolation and identification ofShigellaspp. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobial drugs was tested and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combinations and gentamicin. A wide spectrum of antibiotic resistance was observed in theShigellastrains obtained during 2006–2011. The proportions of resistant strains showed an increase from 2000–2005 to 2006–2011 in 20/22 antibiotics tested. The number of drug resistance patterns increased from 13 in 2000–2005 to 43 in 2006–2011. Resistance to newer generation fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins and augmentin, which was not observed during 2000–2005, appeared during 2006–2011. The frequency of resistance inShigellaisolates has increased substantially between 2000–2006 and 2006–2011, with a wide spectrum of resistance. At present, the option for antimicrobial therapy in shigellosis in Andaman is limited to a small number of drugs.

scholarly journals Drug resistance and plasmid profile of shigellae in Taiwan

1992 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-R. Lin ◽  
S.-F. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Transmissible Plasmid ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Species Specific

SUMMARYOne hundred and twenty-eight shigella strains isolated from newborn and infant human faecal specimens at Kaohsiung Medical College Hospital in Taiwan were serogrouped, serotyped and examined for drug-resistance patterns and for the presence of plasmids. Forty-seven pre cent of the isolates were found to belong to theShigella sonneiserogroup, 41%to theS.flexnerigroup,9%to theS.boydiigroup and 3%to theS.dysenteriaegroup.The serotype with the greatest number of strains wasS.sonneiI. (29 %) followed byS. flexneri1 (27%). Each strain was tested for resistance to 11 antimicrobial agents. Eighty-eight per cent of the strains were resistant to tetracycline, 87% to chloramphenicol, 84% to streptomycin, 52% to ampicillin, 25% to nalidixic acid, 29% to kanamycin, 11 % to cephalothin, 11% to neomycin, 10% to cotrimoxazole, 1% to amikacin and none to gentamicin. The most prevalent resistance pattern was ApCmSmTc (28%). Clinical isolates demonstrating multiple resistance were found to harbour a large transmissible plasmid of 45–75 MDa while isolates without multiple resistance did not. Two large virulence plasmids of 123 and 110 MDa were found in 12 strains ofS. flexneriand 4 strains ofS. sonneiphase I. Small plasmids of 4·5, 4·2, 3·5, 2·8, 2·5. 2·0 and 1·5 MDa were also present in all strains. These small plasmids were species specific and can be used as marker plasmids to identify species.

Portable Ventilation/Perfusion Scanning is Useful for Evaluating Clinically Significant Pulmonary Embolism in the ICU Despite Abnormal Chest Radiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1032-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron S. Weinberg ◽  
William Chang ◽  
Grace Ih ◽  
Alan Waxman ◽  
Victor F. Tapson
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Low Probability ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objective: Computed tomography angiography is limited in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to renal insufficiency, hemodynamic instability, and difficulty transporting unstable patients. A portable ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan can be used. However, it is commonly believed that an abnormal chest radiograph can result in a nondiagnostic scan. In this retrospective study, we demonstrate that portable V/Q scans can be helpful in ruling in or out clinically significant pulmonary embolism (PE) despite an abnormal chest x-ray in the ICU. Design: Two physicians conducted chart reviews and original V/Q reports. A staff radiologist, with 40 years of experience, rated chest x-ray abnormalities using predetermined criteria. Setting: The study was conducted in the ICU. Patients: The first 100 consecutive patients with suspected PE who underwent a portable V/Q scan. Interventions: Those with a portable V/Q scan. Results: A normal baseline chest radiograph was found in only 6% of patients. Fifty-three percent had moderate, 24% had severe, and 10% had very-severe radiographic abnormalities. Despite the abnormal x-rays, 88% of the V/Q scans were low probability for a PE despite an average abnormal radiograph rating of moderate. A high-probability V/Q for PE was diagnosed in 3% of the population despite chest x-ray ratings of moderate to severe. Six patients had their empiric anticoagulation discontinued after obtaining the results of the V/Q scan, and no anticoagulation was started for PE after a low-probability V/Q scan. Conclusion: Despite the large percentage of moderate-to-severe x-ray abnormalities, PE can still be diagnosed (high-probability scan) in the ICU with a portable V/Q scan. Although low-probability scans do not rule out acute PE, it appeared less likely that any patient with a low-probability V/Q scan had severe hypoxemia or hemodynamic instability due to a significant PE, which was useful to clinicians and allowed them to either stop or not start anticoagulation.

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