scholarly journals Effect of childhood trauma on disease severity in patients with fibromyalgia: The mediating role of psychological resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-547
Author(s):  
Özlem Kazan Kızılkurt ◽  
Arda Kazım Demirkan ◽  
Ferzan Ergün Gıynaş ◽  
Hüseyin Güleç
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Physical Neglect

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of childhood traumas on the disease severity in fibromyalgia and evaluate the mediating role of psychological resilience in this effect. Patients and methods: Between June 2017 and January 2018, this study included a total of 80 female patients (mean age: 31.9±4.0 years; range, 20 to 40 years) with fibromyalgia according to the 2010 American College of Rheumatology fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. All patients were evaluated using the sociodemographic data form, Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Results: A positive correlation was observed between the FIQ and CTQ total scores, emotional abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect scores. The FIQ was negatively correlated with the RSA scores. Path analysis conducted to evaluate mediating effect of psychological resilience revealed that psychological resilience had a mediator role in the correlation between FIQ and emotional abuse, physical abuse, and physical neglect scores. Conclusion: The main finding of this study is the protective effect of psychological resilience -improvable capacity to cope with early life traumas- on fibromyalgia symptoms that leads to negative functioning of several aspects.

Clinical Course and Clinical Features in MDD Patients: General and Specific Role of Subtypes of Childhood Trauma: 重性抑郁障碍患者的临床病程及特征：一般及特定童年创伤亚型的作用

2021 ◽  
pp. 001100002199593
Author(s):  
Xianbin Li ◽  
Tony Xing Tan ◽  
Qijing Bo ◽  
Zhen Mao ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Younger Age

Our study focused on childhood emotional neglect and several forms of abuse (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional) and the diagnosis and clinical courses of disease in Chinese adults with major depressive disorder (MDD), including MDD with anxiety, with suicidality, and with other presentations. MDD and other clinical presentations were determined with the American Psychiatric Association’s (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) and subtypes of trauma were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (95 patients and 94 comparisons). Patients with MDD and suicidality scored higher on childhood emotional abuse and neglect than other MDD patients. Both emotional abuse and physical abuse correlated with a younger age of onset and more relapses of MDD. General linear modeling also showed that controlling for demographic variables, emotional and physical abuse predicted more MDD relapses. Overall, childhood trauma was correlated with a MDD diagnosis, the role of specific types of trauma in the clinical courses of MDD varied.

scholarly journals 4491 Cumulative Childhood Trauma Load Across Race in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Nia Byrd ◽  
Bethany L. Stangl ◽  
Melanie L. Schwandt ◽  
Nancy Diazgranados ◽  
Vijay A. Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Neglect

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our objective was to investigate racial differences in experiencing multiple categories of childhood trauma (CT) and the differential impact on alcohol use in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). We hypothesized that there would be a differential additive effect of CT categories endorsed and drinking behaviors between racial groups. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants were recruited through the NIAAA screening protocol where they completed alcohol-related assessments including a 90-day Timeline Followback (TLFB) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM disorders were conducted to identify participants with lifetime alcohol dependence (DSM-IV) or AUD (DSM-5) (N = 1152). Participants self-identified as Black or White completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) which assesses 5 types of CT: emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect, and were classified into 3 CT groups: no trauma, 1 type of trauma, and 2+ types of trauma endorsed. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: For Black participants (N = 583), 21.6% experienced no trauma, 21% experienced 1 type, and 57.4% experienced 2 or more types, with the most common being physical abuse and emotional neglect. For White participants (N = 569), 32.1% experienced no trauma, 20.6% experienced 1 type, and 47.3% experienced 2 or more types, with the most common being emotional neglect and emotional abuse. There were significant associations between CT groups, TLFB, and AUDIT measures. For Black participants, AUDIT-Harm and AUDIT Total were significantly different across the 3 CT groups (all p values <0.05). For White participants, Heavy Drinking Days was significantly different across the 3 CT groups (p = 0.028), with trends for AUDIT-Harm (p = 0.061) and AUDIT-Dependence (p<0.065). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In individuals with AUD, there were significant positive associations between the number of CT categories endorsed and alcohol use across race, suggesting a cumulative effect of CT on risky alcohol use. Future work includes exploring personality and behavioral mediators of the relationship between cumulative trauma load and drinking.

scholarly journals Childhood abuse and borderline personality disorder features in Chinese undergraduates: the role of self-esteem and resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Die Xie ◽  
Jun-Jie Chang ◽  
Meng-Yuan Yuan ◽  
Geng-Fu Wang ◽  
Yang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract Background Although childhood abuse is considered to be related to borderline personality disorder (BPD), few studies have elaborated on the mediating role of self-esteem and resilience in it. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the potential mediating role of resilience and self-esteem between childhood abuse and BPD. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 4034 college students in Anhui Province, China. Participants were asked to complete Chinese versions of the following instruments: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF), Mclean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the mediation effects. Results Resilience and self-esteem were found to be mediators of all three types of childhood abuse (emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse) when the types were examined separately; however, when all three types of childhood abuse were entered into the model simultaneously, neither the indirect effects nor direct effects of physical abuse or sexual abuse were found to be significant, only the association between emotional abuse and BPD features was partially mediated by resilience and self-esteem. Conclusions Self-esteem and resilience mediate the links between childhood abuse and BPD features, and emotional abuse is uniquely associated with BPD features.

Childhood Trauma, Trait Anxiety, and Anxious Attachment as Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence in College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 6067-6082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret M. McClure ◽  
Megan Parmenter
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Childhood Emotional Abuse ◽  
College Dating

The current study investigates the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV), childhood trauma, trait anxiety, depression, and anxious attachment in college students. Ninety-three male and 161 female undergraduate students at Fairfield University, ranging in age from 17 to 23, with a mean age of 18.8 years, participated. Participants completed five self-report inventories: The Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). IPV perpetration in college dating relationships was related to childhood emotional and physical abuse, emotional and physical neglect, and trait anxiety. IPV victimization in college dating relationships was related to childhood emotional and physical abuse, childhood emotional and physical neglect, and an anxious attachment style. IPV perpetration and victimization were also significantly correlated with one another. Subscale analyses suggest that childhood emotional abuse was related to being both the perpetrator and victim of verbal or emotional abuse in dating relationships. Childhood physical abuse, physical neglect, and emotional abuse were related to both perpetration and victimization of physical IPV. Threatening behavior perpetration in dating relationships was related to childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, and physical neglect; however, being the victim of threatening behavior was only related to childhood emotional abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect, not childhood physical abuse. These results support the relationship between childhood trauma and dating violence in college students. They also support a role for anxiety in IPV, although trait anxiety was related to perpetration and an anxious attachment style was correlated with IPV victimization. In addition, they suggest that different experiences of childhood trauma may relate to different aspects of IPV in college dating relationships.

Correlation between childhood trauma and cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S582-S582 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mrizak ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Neglect

IntroductionAbusive childhood experiences are claimed to be more prevalent in people with schizophrenia (SCZ) than in the general population. The exposure to childhood trauma can have adverse effects on cognitive function.ObjectivesTo investigate whether there is a relationship between childhood trauma (CT) and cognitive functioning in patients with SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ were recruited. The participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire retrospectively assessing five types of childhood trauma (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect). They also completed a neurocognitive battery comprising the following tests: the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT-R), the Letter Digit Substitution Test (LDST), the Stroop Test (ST), the “Double Barrage” of Zazzo (DBZ), the Modified Card Sorting Test (MCST), the Verbal Fluency (VF), the Trail Making Test-Part A (TMT-A) and the Digit Span (DS).ResultsThe patients with a history of physical abuse (P = 0.03) or emotional neglect (P = 0.07) performed worse at the delayed recall of the HVLT-R. A history of emotional neglect was also correlated to a significantly worse performance in theTMT-A (P < 0.0001), while physical abuse was correlated to worse DS (P = 0.015). High emotional abuse scores were significantly correlated to poorer efficiency in DBZ (P = 0.025).ConclusionsThe results need replication, but underline the necessity of investigating biological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying these subjects’ cognitive impairment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Deconstructing Vulnerability for Psychosis: Meta-Analysis of Environmental Risk Factors for Psychosis in Subjects at Ultra High-Risk

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Fusar-Poli ◽  
M. Tantardini ◽  
S. De Simone ◽  
V. Ramella-Cravaro ◽  
D. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Ultra High Risk ◽  
Physical Neglect

AbstractBackgroundSubjects at ultra high-risk (UHR) for psychosis have an enhanced vulnerability to develop the disorder but the risk factors accounting for this accrued risk are undetermined.MethodSystematic review of associations between genetic or environmental risk factors for psychosis that are widely established in the literature and UHR state, based on comparisons to controls.ResultsForty-four studies encompassing 170 independent datasets and 54 risk factors were included. There were no studies on association between genetic or epigenetic risk factors and the UHR state that met the inclusion criteria. UHR subjects were more likely to show obstetric complications, tobacco use, physical inactivity, childhood trauma/emotional abuse/physical neglect, high perceived stress, childhood and adolescent low functioning, affective comorbidities, male gender, single status, unemployment and low educational level as compared to controls.ConclusionsThe increased vulnerability of UHR subjects can be related to environmental risk factors like childhood trauma, adverse life events and affective dysfunction. The role of genetic and epigenetic risk factors awaits clarification.

scholarly journals The Cedar Project: exploring determinants of psychological distress among young Indigenous people who use drugs in three Canadian cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Pearce ◽  
K. A. Jongbloed ◽  
S. D. Pooyak ◽  
A. H. Blair ◽  
W. M. Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Physical Neglect

Background.Mental health and wellbeing, including addressing impacts of historical trauma and substance use among young people, has been identified as a key priority by Indigenous communities and leaders across Canada and globally. Yet, research to understand mental health among young Indigenous people who have used drugs is limited.Aims.To examine longitudinal risk and strengths-based factors associated with psychological distress among young Indigenous people who use drugs.Method.The Cedar Project is an ongoing cohort study involving young Indigenous people who use drugs in Vancouver, Prince George, and Chase, British Columbia, Canada. This study included participants who completed the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, returned for follow-up between 2010 and 2012, and completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Adjusted linear mixed-effects models estimated effects of study variables on changes in area T-scores of psychological distress.Results.Of 202 eligible participants, 53% were women and the mean age was 28 years. Among men, childhood maltreatment (emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect), any drug use, blackouts from drinking, and sex work were associated with increased distress. Among women, childhood maltreatment (emotional abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect), blackouts from drinking, and sexual assault were associated with increased distress, while having attempted to quit using drugs was associated with reduced distress. Marginal associations were observed between speaking their traditional language and living by traditional culture with lower distress among men.Conclusion.Culturally safe mental wellness interventions are urgently needed to address childhood trauma and harmful coping strategies that exacerbate distress among young Indigenous people who use drugs.

The role of specific early trauma in adult depression: A meta-analysis of published literature. Childhood trauma and adult depression

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Mandelli ◽  
C. Petrelli ◽  
A. Serretti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Adult Depression ◽  
Childhood Traumas ◽  
Post Hoc

AbstractBackgroundA large literature has long focused on the role of trauma in childhood and risk for psychological disorders in adulthood. Despite several studies performed, to date, it is not clear which weight have different childhood stressors specifically on the risk for depression in adult life. In the present study, we performed a meta-analysis of the literature in order to assess the effective role of childhood traumas as risk factor in the onset of depressive disorders in adults.MethodsPreviously published papers investigating the exposure to childhood trauma and their association with depression in adult subjects were retrieved in literature through common databases. Meta-analysis was conducted by the RevMan software. The quality of studies was evaluated by an adapted version of the New-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale; bias publication was evaluated by the Egger's test. Meta-regression analysis was employed to detect potential confounders and/or moderating variables. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was post-hoc performed to control for potential confounders.ResultsEmotional abuse showed the strongest association with depression (OR = 2.78) followed by neglect (OR = 2.75) and sexual abuse (OR = 2.42). Significant associations were also found for domestic violence (OR = 2.06) and physical abuse (OR = 1.98). Nevertheless, in post-hoc analysis, emotional abuse and neglect showed the strongest associations with depression as compared to other kinds of child trauma.ConclusionsThese findings support the role of neglect and emotional abuse as significantly associated to depression. Sexual/physical abuse or violence in family may be unspecific risk factors for mental disturbance. Other kind of trauma may play a less relevant role in risk of adult depression, though they should be not underestimated.

The Influence of Competency of Preschool Teachers in Fujian Province on Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuguang Sun ◽  
Ailing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Mediator Variable

The intermediary effect interval of the preschool teachers' competence characteristics → positive psychological capital → the subjective well-being of the preschool teachers is (0.23—0.55), does not contain 0, and the effect amount is 0.35. The competency characteristics of preschool teachers → The direct effect interval of subjective well-being of preschool teachers is (0.05—0.36), excluding 0, and the effect quantity is 0.20, indicating that positive psychological capital as a mediator variable has the characteristics of preschool teachers and the subjective well-being of preschool teachers. Partial mediating effect, the ratio of mediating effect to total effect is 64.01%.

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