scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIETARY TOASTED LEUCAENA LEUCOCEPHALA SEED MEAL ON THE GROWTH AND FEED UTILIZATION OF CLARIID CATFISH CLARIAS GARIEPINUS FINGERLINGS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aliu BS ◽  
◽  
Obuseli OI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion

An experiment was designed and carried out to assess the growth performance and feed utilization (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, feed intake and survival) of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed graded levels of toasted Leucaena leucocephala seed meal based diets with the aim of establishing the best inclusion level of Leucaena seed meal. One hundred and eight (108) fingerlings with an initial mean weight of 2.10g were allotted at random to six treatments in triplicate groups with each treatment tank having six fingerlings and were fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets containing 40% crude protein (CP). The toasted seed meal was used to replace soybean meal in the diets in the following proportions: diets I (0%), diets II (10%), diets III (20%), diets IV (30%), diets V (40%) and diets VI (50%). At the end of the feeding trials that lasted for 6 weeks, the mean weight gains of fish, relative weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency was highest in treatment I while mean weight gain of fish, relative weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio was lowest in treatment V. Feed intake was lowest in treatment VI and protein efficiency was lowest in treatment II. Survival among treatments slightly varied significantly but was not as a result of the feed consumed. At the end of the experiment, the recommended inclusion level of Leucaena seed meal was 20%.

scholarly journals Performance characteristics of African Cat fish (Clarias gariepinus) fed varying inclusion levels of silk worm pupae (Anaphe infracta)

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
CO Olaniyi ◽  
GO Babasanmi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Silk Worm

The use of Silkworm (Anaphe infracta) pupae as a protein source was investigated for its ability to replace fishmeal in the diet of Clarias gariepinus, African cat fish. Five dried diets formulated at 40% crude protein were fed to fingerlings of an average initial weight of 14.33g at 0 (control diet), 25, 50, 75 and 100% inclusion levels of silk worm meal. The experiment was conducted for 84 days were measured. Mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR). The five inclusion levels of silk worm pupae supported the growth of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings, the growth and feed utilization were favoured by high inclusion level of silk worm meal. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed among the treatments, although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the growth parameters between 50% and 75% inclusion levels. The 100% silk worm pupae meal inclusion gave the best final mean weight gain of 10.29g specific growth rate of 0.93%, feed conversion ratio of 2.18 and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of 0.012. The carcass protein and lipid contents increased compared to the levels of both at the beginning of the experiment. Even though, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among proximate composition of the fish groups fed 25, 50 and 75%. The results showed that diet consists of 100% silk worm meal could be used as a complete replacement for fish meal in the diet formulation for Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v42i1.15787 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2013. 42 (1): 76-80

scholarly journals Replacement of Soyabean Meal with Toasted Lima Beans, (Phaseolus lunatus) on Growth and Nutrient Utilization of Clariid Catfish (Heterobranchus bidorsalis) Fingerlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
B. S. Aliu ◽  
J. Odeh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Lima Beans

An experiment was designed and carried out to assess the survival, growth performance and feed utilization (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, feed intake and survival) of Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings fed graded levels of toasted Lima beans seed (Phaseolus lunatus) meal based diets with the aim of establishing the best inclusion level of Lima beans seed meal. One hundred (100) fingerlings with an initial mean weight of 2.5± 0.5g were allotted at random to five treatments in triplicate groups with each treatment tank having five fingerlings and were fed with the compounded diets. The toasted Lima beans seed meal was used to replace soybean meal in the diets in the following proportions: Diet I (0%), diet II (25%), diet III (50%), diet IV (75%) and diet V (100%). At the end of the feeding trials that lasted for 70 days, At the end of the experiment, the Specific growth rate showed no significant difference (P >0.05) among all treatments. Treatment III (3.250) had the highest specific growth rate and Treatment II (2.083) had the lowest value. Relative weight gain was highest in treatment V (20.53) with 100% lima beans and lowest in treatment II (16.95) with 25% lima beans diet inclusion level. Treatment I and IV had no significant difference (P >0.05) but these treatments had a significant difference (P<0.05) with treatments II, III and V also treatment II, III, and V are significantly different (P<0.05) from each other. There was no significant different (p>0.05) in the feed conversion ratio of treatment II, III, IV. There was also no significant difference (p> 0.05) in the feed conversion ratio of treatment I and V. Treatment II, III and IV showed a significant difference (P< 0.05) in the feed conversion ratio with treatment I and V. FCR was highest in treatment II (1.383) and lowest in treatment IV (1.162). Treatment V had the highest feed intake with value 3.775. Treatment I, II, III, IV and V had no significant difference (P> 0.05). Treatment I had the lowest feed intake with value (3.246). Protein efficiency ratio showed no significant differences among all treatment. PER was highest in treatment V (6.346) and lowest in treatment III (5.346). The survival rate was slightly different but not as a result of the feed consumed. Based on the findings in this study, it is therefore recommended that 75% inclusion level of Lima beans meal should be adopted in the formulation of feed for Heterobranchus bidorsalis.

scholarly journals Effects of graded levels of kolanut husk on the performance of cockerels

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
B. B. Babatunde ◽  
R. A. Hamzat
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Linear Reduction

Eighty black Nera cockerel chicks were randomly alloted to four dietarey treatmants containing 0, 10, 20 and 30% kolanut husk meal (KHM) for twelve weeks. Significant differences (P<0.05) in feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were observed. Dietary inclusion of KHM depressed (P<0.05) growth rate feed conversion ratio and nutrition uilization of cockerels birds. There were linear reduction (P>0.05) in nitrogen retention and apparent crude fibre digestibility (ACFD) of  cockerels birds at each incremental KHM dietary levels. This indicated that KHM could be effeciently utilized by cockerels up to 205 dietary level above which the depression in growth rate occurs.

scholarly journals Growth performance of starter broiler starter chicks fed soaked and fermented baobab (Adansonia digitata) seed meal based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
A. R. Akintunde ◽  
I. H. Saidu ◽  
M. A. Oguntoye ◽  
H. K. Mohammed ◽  
A. Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Means of cutting down cost of feed resources in order to bridge the wide gap between demand and supply of animal protein in livestock production is a great concern in the poultry industry. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding diets containing soaked and fermented Baobab seed meal (BSM) on the growth performance of broiler starter chicks. A total of 150, one-day old chicks were randomly distributed into five treatment groups. Treatments were replicated three times with 10 chicks per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The dietary groups were designated as T1 for control (0 % BSM), T2 (7.5 % SBSM), T3 (15.0% SBSM), T4 (22.5% FBSM) and T5 (30 % FBSM). Parameters monitored include final weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, feed cost per kg gain (N) and mortality (%) The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The results showed that the dietary treatments had significant (P<0.05) effect on all the parameters measured. Final weight and total weight gain were similar and significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed diets T2 and T4 when compared to other dietary treatments. However, birds in T5 group had the least significant (P<0.05) values 366.67 and 217.34 g/bird respectively. Daily weight gain (7.76 g/bird/day), total and daily feed intake (873.33 g and 31.19 g/bird/day) of birds followed similar trend and were significantly (P<0.05) lower in T5 group compared to other treatments. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed diet T5 had significantly (P<0.05) higher value (4.29) when compared to those in other treatment groups. Feed cost per kg gain (N) was significantly (P<0.05) lower and similar in birds fed T2, T3 and T4 when compared to values obtained in the control group (N253.27) and T5 (N 327.52). Mortality (%) only occurred in birds fed T5. It was therefore concluded that inclusion of 22.5% fermented baobab seed meal in broiler diets improved performance and had no negative effect on the health status of birds.     Des moyens de réduire le coût des ressources alimentaires afin de combler le defi posé à cause de la demande et l'approvisionnement en protéines animales dans la production animale est une grande préoccupation dans l'industrie avicole. Cette étude a été menée pour étudier l'effet des regimes alimentaires contenant de la farine de graines de baobab trempée et fermentée (le 'BSM') sur les performances de croissance des poussins de départ. Un total de 150 poussins âgés d'un jour ont été répartis au hasard en cinq groupes de traitement. Les traitements ont été répliqués trois fois avec 10 poussins par réplique dans une conception complètement randomisée (le 'CRD'). Les groupes diététiques ont été désignés comme T1 pour le contrôle (0% BSM), T2 (7,5% SBSM), T3 (15,0% SBSM), T4 (22,5% FBSM) et T5 (30% FBSM). Les paramètres surveillés comprennent le poids final, le gain de poids, la prise alimentaire, le taux de conversion alimentaire, le coût de l'alimentation par kg de gain (N) et la mortalité (%). L'expérience a duré 4 semaines. Les résultats ont montré que les traitements diététiques avaient un effet significatif (P <0,05) sur tous les paramètres mesurés. Le poids final et le gain de poids total étaient similaires et significativement (P<0,05) plus élevés chez les oiseaux nourris avec les régimes T2 et T4 par rapport aux autres traitements diététiques. Cependant, les oiseaux du groupe T5 avaient les valeurs les moins significatives (P <0,05) 366,67 et 217,34 g / oiseau respectivement. Le gain de poids quotidien (7,76 g / oiseau / jour), l'apport alimentaire total et quotidien (873,33 g et 31,19 g / oiseau / jour) des oiseaux ont suivi une tendance similaire et étaient significativement (P<0,05) inférieurs dans le groupe T5 par rapport aux autres traitements. Le rapport de conversion alimentaire des oiseaux nourris au régime alimentaire T5 avait une valeur significativement plus élevée (P <0,05) (4,29) par rapport à ceux des autres groupes de traitement. Le coût de l'alimentation par kg de gain (N) était significativement (P <0,05) plus faible et similaire chez les oiseaux nourris T2, T3 et T4 par rapport aux valeurs obtenues dans le groupe témoin (N253,27) et T5 (N 327,52). La mortalité (%) n'est survenue que chez les oiseaux nourris au T5. Il a donc été conclu que l'inclusion de farine de graines de baobab fermentée à 22,5% dans les régimes alimentaires des poulets de chair améliorait les performances et n'avait aucun effet négatif sur l'état de santé des oiseaux.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KULIT BUAH NAGA (Hylocereus polyhizus) DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PRODUKSI IKAN KOI (Cyprinus carpio)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Teuku Reza Efianda ◽  
Yusnita Yusnita ◽  
Nurul Najmi ◽  
Kiki Rishki Ananda ◽  
Fazril Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design

This study aims to determine the rate of growth, survival, and feed conversion ratio in feed of Cyprinus carpio with Hylocereus polyhizus. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments in this study include 0% (P0), 5% (P1), 10% (P2), and 15% (P3). The method of feeding uses 5% feeding rate with a frequency of three times a day (morning, afternoon, evening). The research parameters observed included survival, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and water quality. Quantitative research results showed the best survival at P3 of 92.5%, the best specific growth rate at P3 treatment was 0.04 g / day, the best feed conversion ratio at P3 was 1.06, while the results of qualitative research on water quality showed temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen is in optimal condition according to the water quality of koi fish. The conclusion of the 15% treatment study (P3) is the best dose of Hylocereus polyhizus substitution of Cyprinus carpio with increased survival and specific growth rate, and decreases the rate of feed conversion ratio.  Keywords: Cyprinus carpio, Growth, Hylocereus polyhizus, Production, Survival Rate.

scholarly journals Exposure to Atrazine Impairs Behaviour and Growth Performance in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Juveniles

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
P.A. Opute ◽  
I.P. Oboh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Allometric Growth ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Relative Growth

Clarias gariepinus juveniles of average weight, 17.57±1.95 g and an average length of 14.26±0.39 cm were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0 (control), 2.5, 25, 250, and 500 µg L-1 atrazine in a quality-controlled 28-day bioassay. Growth performance was assessed bi-weekly and fish samples were taken from different tanks to determine the relative growth rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, condition factor and behaviour. At the end of two weeks of exposure, the relative growth rate and the specific growth rate among exposed fish groups was found to reduce significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control, an indication of poor growth performance. The average specific growth rates (SGR) of control fish is 3.86±0.02 %/w at the end of the exposure duration while recording -0.64±0.09 in the 500 µg L-1 group. Feed conversion ratio increased significantly from control to the group with highest atrazine concentration. Condition factor (K) of fish among treatment groups showed significant decrease in values with increasing concentration of atrazine in a dose-dependent pattern. Atrazine exposure resulted in behavioural anomalies including erratic swimming, clinging to the water surface, loss of equilibrium, lethargy, and discolouration. The behavioural responses were found to be concentration-dependent. The length-weight relationships for both control and atrazine exposed fish exhibited positive allometric growth and significant relationships as depicted by the value of R2 (coefficient of determination) except in the fish group exposed to 500 µg L-1 atrazine which exhibited negative allometric growth. Findings from this study indicate interference with normal behaviour and growth performance of C. gariepinus juveniles with ecological implications in water bodies exposed to atrazine even at reduced concentrations.

scholarly journals Performance ofClarias gariepinusFed Dried Brewer’s Yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)Slurry in Replacement for Soybean Meal

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shola Gabriel Solomon ◽  
Gabriel Arome Ataguba ◽  
Gabriel Enemona Itodo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Brewer’S Yeast ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Brewer's Yeast

Following disparity of earlier results, this study tested the performance of African catfishClarias gariepinusfed dried brewer’s yeast slurry meal (DBYM) based diets. Fingerlings ofC. gariepinuswith pooled mean initial weight of1.58±0.01 g were stocked in hapas (1 m × 1 m × 1 m) immersed in an earthen pond at a density of 15 fish per cage. Five diets with increasing substitution of soybean meal with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of dried brewer’s yeast and a control without dried brewer’s yeast (0% substitution) were evaluated for 8 weeks. Palatability of diets reduced with increasing levels of DBYM. Growth and utilization parameters such as weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate differed significantly (p<0.05) among treated groups. Specific growth rate decreased with increasing substitution while the best feed conversion ratio was obtained in the diet devoid of DBYM. Protein efficiency and utilization decreased with increasing levels of DBYM. Body composition was also affected by inclusion of DBYM with significant differences (p<0.05) being observed across the diets. The trend in body composition follows the utilization of the diets. We conclude that the optimal range of inclusion and substitution of soybean meal with DBYM inC. gariepinusfeed is between 1% and 14% of dry matter.

scholarly journals Response of growing rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) fed diets containing raw tallow (Detarium microcarpum) seed meal

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183
Author(s):  
Jiya Zhiri ◽  
Ijaiya Abdumojeed ◽  
Alabi John ◽  
Makinde John ◽  
Saidu Salamatu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 12-week study was conducted to determine the effect of graded levels of raw tallow seed meal (RTSM) on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters and organoleptic qualities of growing rabbits. Five experimental diets were compounded to contain 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% RTSM replacing the palm kernel cake weight for the weight designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Forty-five (45) weaned rabbits between 5 and 6 weeks with an average body weight ranging from 500 to 600 g of mixed breeds and sexes (females and males) were randomly allocated to the five (5) dietary treatments in the randomized complete block design with nine (9) rabbits per treatment replicated three (3) times with three (3) rabbits each. Data were collected on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nutrient digestibility, some haematological and biochemical parameters and organoleptic qualities of the rabbits. The feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<.005) affected by the dietary treatments. The rabbits fed diets T1, T2 and T3 recorded similar feed intake (62, 66.95, and 66.50 g), total weight gain (1328.73, 1320.44, and 1323.49 g) and feed conversion ratio (3.92, 4.26, and 4.22) which were significantly better than those observed for the rabbits fed diets T4 and T5. The nutrient digestibilities of the rabbits fed the experimental diets were also significantly (P<0.05) affected. The rabbits fed diet T2 had better fiber digestibility (47.05%) compared to other treatment groups. Ether extract digestibility was observed to be better in the group of rabbits fed diets T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Some of the other nutrients in the group of rabbits fed diets T3, T4 and T5 were similarly digested. The haematological parameters were observed to be depressed as the level of RTSM increased in the diets. Packed cell volume, red blood cells and white blood cells were observed to reduce from 37.69 to 21.22%, 4.14 to 2.18 g/dl and 4.98 to 3.02 g/dl. The biochemical parameters indicated a similar trend as that of the haematological parameters. Total protein, glucose and urea reduced from 6.15 to 4.63 g/dl, 5.15 to 3.80 g/dl and 7.76 to 4.00 mmol/l. The result of the organoleptic qualities indicated a non-significant (P>0.05) difference except for the juiciness which was significantly (P<0.05) high in the rabbits fed diets T1 (5.90), T3 (5.65), and T4 (5.90), respectively. In conclusion, up to 50% of RTSM can be included in the diets of rabbits without adverse effects on productive performance, nutrient utilization, blood parameters and organoleptic qualities.

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