scholarly journals СИГУРНОСТТА НА НАЦИЯТА И ДЪРЖАВАТА И КУЛТУРНАТА ИДЕНТИЧНОСТ

2021 ◽  
Vol XXХII A (1) ◽  
pp. 256-267
Author(s):  
Емилия Лазарова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Strategic Resources ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
Active Policy

The challenges of the contemporary world impose new economic logic and visions, such as the growing need for circular business models, instead of linear ones, which promote the concept of services instead of resources. The world is changing dynamically, but it seems that the national states’ models for resolving crises are relatively outdated. Nowadays, nation states control their economies relatively symbolically. They are dependent on global agreements, transnational capital, foreign investors, etc. The implementation of active policy in times of crisis implies an emphasis on the control, provision and management of strategic resources by the countries, modelling the main global processes. The article discusses specific forms and methods of global rivalry.

scholarly journals Special Section Editorial: Toward a Geographical Software Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Burns ◽  
Nick Lally
Keyword(s):  
Special Section ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Software Studies ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Of Study

Geographic concepts have always been implicated in calls to study software as a political, cultural, or social phenomena, even if they have not always been named as such. “Software structures and makes possible much of the contemporary world” writes Matthew Fuller in the introduction to Software studies: a lexicon1—a succinct summary of the central problem guiding software studies, gesturing towards the spatial implications of software. So too in the insistence on the materiality of software do we find software studies bringing forth software as material thing that exists in and through space, in sites and scales as diverse as voltage differences in circuits, nation states, digital maps, and networks of computers. As geographic theory has long insisted, space is not just a container for software, but is actively produced by software in its various material, situated, and socio-technical contexts. Influenced in part by the exciting work that has developed in software studies in addition to geography’s own rich history of engagement with technology, a growing number of geographers have turned to software as an object of study, producing theories and methods to understand the relationship between computation and space.This special section emerged from our effort to bring together a group of scholars working on geographical approaches to software studies at the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Geographers (AAG) in 2016. Spanning four sessions, presenters expressed a variety of orientations towards software, with diverse theoretical and methodological approaches to understanding how software has come to structure the world. This introduction is a brief summary of some of those approaches, but more importantly, it suggests some of the ways that software studies and geography might productively learn from and build upon each other. These cross-disciplinary discussions are important as we come to terms with the growing power of software in our everyday lives and attempt to build critical practices that not only study, but also build other ways of knowing the world through computation. Ultimately, we frame the discussions that follow in ways we hope will encourage software studies scholars to grapple with the spatial implications of software.

The Scale of Global Modernisms: Imperial, National, Regional, Local

PMLA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 1372-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Ram
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Singular System ◽  
World System ◽  
World Market ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Literary Scholarship ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World

One of the Principal Challenges Facing the Study of Global Modernisms, as of Any Transnational Cultural Phenomenon, is the question of scale. In declaring the contemporary world to be “one, and unequal,” several recent theorizations of world literature rest on the foundational assumption of a unified—albeit uneven—planetary scale (Moretti, “Conjectures” 56; see also Casanova 62-74; WREC 6-12). As such they model the dynamic of literary circulation across world regions according to the geographic distances, as well as the disproportionate access to socioeconomic and cultural resources, that separate and distinguish the world's centers from their peripheries. These distances, and the inequalities they generate, are perceived as the necessary by-products of two spatial logics, that of the expanding world market and that of the modern Westphalian system of sovereign and competing nation-states. To posit the modern world as a singular system has the undoubted merit of acknowledging the structural connectedness of its operative inequalities, arising from the territorial partition of the globe by the imperial powers during the final decades of the nineteenth century and from its simultaneous unification in the wake of accelerating trade and new infrastructures of transport and communication. Nevertheless, the premise of a singular modernity (Jameson 142) has been repeatedly challenged (Chakrabarty 6-16; Mitchell; Scott 113-15; Orsini). It has been faulted for its developmentalist logic, involving an implied or explicit adherence to the related assumptions of linear or stadial historicism and spatial diffusionism, which together reduce the negotiated impact of modernity on the world's far-flung regions to a process of top-down modernization originating in and imposed by the West. The force of this critique is blunted once the world system (Wallerstein; Hopkins et al.) is grasped as a profoundly uneven totality, allowing us to view the multiply differentiated space-times that coexist in the global present as produced by the imbalances constituting the world system as such (in literary scholarship, see Anderson, “Modernity”; Moretti, Modern Epic 50-52; Wollaeger 13-14; Lazarus 232-41, WREC 1-95; for corresponding debates in historiography and the social sciences, see Harootunian 62-63; Cooper 113-49; Chibber).

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

Rules without Rights

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bartley
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Transnational Governance ◽  
Private Regulation ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Labor Exploitation ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
The World

Activists have exposed startling forms of labor exploitation and environmental degradation in global industries, leading many large retailers and brands to adopt standards for fairness and sustainability. This book is about the idea that transnational corporations can push these rules through their global supply chains, and in effect, pull factories, forests, and farms out of their local contexts and up to global best practices. For many scholars and practitioners, this kind of private regulation and global standard-setting can provide an alternative to regulation by territorially bound, gridlocked, or incapacitated nation states, potentially improving environments and working conditions around the world and protecting the rights of exploited workers, impoverished farmers, and marginalized communities. But can private, voluntary rules actually create meaningful forms of regulation? Are forests and factories around the world being made into sustainable ecosystems and decent workplaces? Can global norms remake local orders? This book provides striking new answers by comparing the private regulation of land and labor in democratic and authoritarian settings. Case studies of sustainable forestry and fair labor standards in Indonesia and China show not only how transnational standards are implemented “on the ground” but also how they are constrained and reconfigured by domestic governance. Combining rich multi-method analyses, a powerful comparative approach, and a new theory of private regulation, this book reveals the contours and contradictions of transnational governance.

Re-visioning obscure spaces

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Jowel Canuday
Keyword(s):  
Social Spaces ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

In popular imagery, the littorals of Sulu and Zamboanga conjure visions of pirates, terrorists, and bandits marauding its rough seas, open shores, and rugged mountains. These bleak accounts render the region nothing but a violent and peripheral southern Philippine backdoor inconspicuous to the sophisticated constituencies of the world’s metropolitan centres. Obscured from these imageries are the lasting cosmopolitan traits of openness, flexibility, and reception of local folk to trans-local cultural streams that marked Sulu and Zamboanga as a globalised space across the ages and oceans. The distinctive features of these cosmopolitan sensibilities are strikingly discernible in inter-generationally shared narratives, artefacts, and performances that were continually renewed from the days when Sulu and Zamboanga served as a borderless trading and cultural enclave nestled at the crossroads of the Pacific and the Indian Oceans. These enduring cosmopolitan sensibilities are embodied in the blending, among others, of the time-honoured dance of pangalay and the pop-musical dance genre celebrated on actual, analogue, and digitally-mediated spaces of the contemporary world. Furthermore, these embodied sensibilities are evident in song compositions that proclaim the humanistic themes of hope, peace, and prosperity to their place and the world in ways that exemplify the local people’s broader sense of connections beyond the narrow association of family, community, ethnicity, religion, and identity. This mixed bag of age-old and recent imaginaries and cultural traffic evoke a sociality that link the social spaces of the troubled but once and current globalised region to continuing acts of transcendence in history, memory, and visions of the future. In these marginalized places, we can see an unyielding tradition of cultural re-adaptation and creativity made up of myriad everyday acts that are down-to-earth, pragmatic, interstitial, and practical cosmopolitanism.

Global Gandhi

Social Change ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Mark Juergensmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Moral Standard ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Global Age ◽  
The World

Gandhi is regarded as something of a global saint, and his non-violent methods of satyagraha have been employed around the world—these alone would make him a figure relevant to the global age. But what is even more significant about his thinking is the applicability of satyagraha in situations of a diverse multicultural milieu. The satyagraha methodology of conflict resolution assumes that although there is a truth to be found in conflicting perspectives, there is no one side that is necessarily correct, there is no moral standard. Gandhi’s approach to conflict requires an engagement of contending sides to see what elements of their positions are truthful and to build a new syncretic view of truth based on this engagement. It is an approach to moral consensus and conflict resolution that is particularly relevant to the multicultural situation of globalised societies in the contemporary world.

Postcolonial world literature: Narration, translation, imagination

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 072551362199470
Author(s):  
Dirk Wiemann ◽  
Shaswati Mazumdar ◽  
Ira Raja
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Single Units ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Postcolonial Criticism ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
The World

Postcolonial criticism has repeatedly debunked the ostensible neutrality of the ‘world’ of world literature by pointing out that and how the contemporary world – whether conceived in terms of cosmopolitan conviviality or neoliberal globalization – cannot be understood without recourse to the worldly event of Europe’s colonial expansion. While we deem this critical perspective indispensable, we simultaneously maintain that to reduce ‘the world’ to the world-making impact of capital, colonialism, and patriarchy paints an overly deterministic picture that runs the risk of unwittingly reproducing precisely that dominant ‘oneworldness’ that it aims to critique. Moreover, the mere potentiality of alternative modes of world-making tends to disappear in such a perspective so that the only remaining option to think beyond oneworldness resides in the singularity claim. This insistence on singularity, however, leaves the relatedness of the single units massively underdetermined or denies it altogether. By contrast, we locate world literature in the conflicted space between the imperial imposition of a hierarchically stratified world (to which, as hegemonic forces tell us, ‘there is no alternative’) and the unrealized ‘undivided world’ that multiple minor cosmopolitan projects yet have to win. It is precisely the tension between these ‘two worlds’ that brings into view the crucial centrality not of the nodes in their alleged singularity but their specific relatedness to each other, that both impedes and energizes world literature today and renders it ineluctably postcolonial.

Guaranteed Sweet or Guaranteed Non–Sweet – Fruit and the Future of Hortical Pty Ltd

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
John Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
New Product ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Product Service ◽  
First Mover Advantage ◽  
The World ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Viable Business

ABSTRACTWe pick up the case as the new venture moves from a decade of dedicated scientific research into the early stages of becoming a commercially viable business. The case considers the potential of the Near Infra Red (NIR) spectroscopy technology to revolutionise the fruit markets of the world as well as the realities of trying to change existing practices and culture. The dilemma of first-mover advantage as compared to learning from the mistakes of early competitors is included. Various possible business models are introduced. The case also asks the students to consider some of the key issues of a new product/service launch.

Staging the Folk: Choreographic Issues of National Representation

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-246
Author(s):  
Anthony Shay
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Ethnic Representation ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Classical Ballet ◽  
Dance Companies

This article looks at the multiple ways that folk dance has been staged in both the nineteenth century when character or national (the two terms were used interchangeably) dance was widely used in classical ballet, and the twentieth in which Igor Moiseyev created a new genre of dance related to it. The ballet masters that created character dance for ballet often created ballroom dances based on folk origin, but that would be suitable for the urban population. This popularity of national dance was the result of the burgeoning of romantic nationalism that swept Europe after the French Revolution. Beginning in the 1930s with Igor Moiseyev founding the first professional ‘folk dance’ company for the Soviet Union, nation states across the world established large, state-supported folk dance companies for purposes of national and ethnic representation that dominated the stages of the world for the second half of the twentieth century. These staged versions of folk dance, were, I argue an extension of nineteenth century national/character dance because their founding directors, like Igor Moiseyev, came from the era when ballet dancers were trained in that genre.

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