scholarly journals Menopause and Methodological Doubt

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Spence
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Hermeneutic Approach ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
Susan Bordo ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
The Way

Menopause and methodological doubt be gins by making a tongue-in- cheek comparison between Descartes' methodological doubt and the self- doubt that can arise around menopause. A hermeneutic approach is taken in which Cartesian dualism and its implications for the way women are viewed in society are examined, both through the experiences of women undergoing menopause and through the commentary of several contributors in Feminist Interpretations of Réné Descartes by Susan Bordo (1999). This examination is located inside the story of the paper, which was written over the duration of a university hermeneutics course, and reflects the author's evolving understanding of hermeneutic interpretation within qualitative research.

Redefining the Role of Experiment in Bacon's Natural History: How Baconian was Descartes before Emerging from His Cocoon?

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 158-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Giurgea ◽  
Laura Georgescu
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Francis Bacon ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

AbstractIn this article we argue that the views that Francis Bacon and René Descartes held about the role of experiments in the process of discovery are closer than previously accepted. Looking at the way experiments and the heuristics of experimentation are embedded in Bacon's posthumous History of Dense and Rare and Descartes' Discourses 8, 9, 10 of the Meteorology, we will show that experiments help the investigator both in solving specific problems that could not have otherwise been foreseen and in generating relevant information that advances the scope of the investigation.

Richard Baxter as Philosophical Theologian

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Sytsma
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
Thomas Hobbes ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
Mechanical Philosophy ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
Pierre Gassendi ◽  
The Way

This chapter argues for Baxter’s importance as a theologian engaged with philosophy. Although Baxter is largely known today as a practical theologian, he also excelled in knowledge of the scholastics and was known in the seventeenth century also for his scholastic theology. He followed philosophical trends closely, was connected with many people involved in mechanical philosophy, and responded directly to the ideas of René Descartes, Pierre Gassendi, Robert Boyle, Thomas Willis, Thomas Hobbes, and Benedict de Spinoza. As a leading Puritan and nonconformist, his views are especially relevant to the question of the relation of the Puritan tradition to the beginnings of modern science and philosophy. The chapter introduces the way in which “mechanical philosophy” will be used, and concludes with a brief synopsis of the argument of the book.

scholarly journals The mind-body Cartesian dualism and psychiatry

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-3 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rene Descartes ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Causal Interaction ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
The Mind

The French philosopher René Descartes (1596-1650) argued that the natures of mind and body are completely different from one another and that each could exist by itself. How can these two structures with different natures causally interact in order to give rise to a human being with voluntary bodily motions and sensations? Even today, the problem of mind-body causal interaction remains a matter of debate.

scholarly journals Magnifying the first points of life: Harvey and Descartes on generation and scale

2021 ◽  
pp. 007327532110334
Author(s):  
Christoffer Basse Eriksen
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Material Composition ◽  
Living Matter ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
Observational Strategy ◽  
The Way

In this essay, I study the contested role of magnification as an observational strategy in the generation theories of William Harvey and René Descartes. During the seventeenth century, the grounds under the discipline of anatomy were shifting as knowledge was increasingly based on autopsia and observation. Likewise, new theories of generation were established through observations of living beings in their smallest state. But the question formed: was it possible to extend vision all the way down to the first points of life? Arguing that the potential of magnification hinged on the metaphysics of living matter, I show that Harvey did not consider observational focus on the material composition of blood and embryos to be conducive to knowledge of living bodies. To Harvey, generation was caused by immaterial, and thus in principle invisible, forces that could not be magnified. Descartes, on the other hand, believed that access to the subvisible scale of natural bodies was crucial to knowledge about their nature. This access could be granted through rational introspection, but possibly also through powerful microscopes. The essay thus ends with a reflection on the importance of Cartesian corpuscularianism for the emergence of microscopical anatomy in seventeenth-century England.

1. Why the mystery?

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Susan Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
Rene Descartes ◽  
Hard Problem ◽  
Thomas Nagel ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Daniel Dennett ◽  
David Chalmers ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Hard Problem ◽  
Agreed Definition

What is consciousness? What does it do? Could we have evolved without it? ‘Why the mystery?’ considers the definition of consciousness and how psychologists, neuroscientists, and philosophers have tried to explain it. From the Cartesian dualism of René Descartes to the ‘hard problem’ of consciousness, a phrase coined in 1994 by the Australian philosopher David Chalmers, and the question ‘What is it like to be a bat?’ of American philosopher Thomas Nagel, it is shown that there is no generally agreed definition of consciousness. Subjectivity (or phenomenality), qualia, and the ideas of philosopher Daniel Dennett are also discussed.

scholarly journals MICHEL FOUCAULT: KUASA VERSUS RASIONALITAS MODERNIS (REVALUASI DIRI SECARA KONTINU)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Konrad Kebung
Keyword(s):  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Rene Descartes ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Classical Period ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
René Descartes ◽  
History Of

This paper presents Michel Foucault’s thoughts on historical events in the past as they impact on the constitution of the self in the present. Thus, Foucault is known as an historian of the present. An expert in the history of the system of thought, he analyses how people thought and behaved throughout the history of philosophy from the Rennaisance to the classical period (17 th-18 in Foucault’s classification) and onto the 20thth century. As a postmodernist (and post-structuralist) thinker, he critiques modern rationality based mainly on the ego, subject, and consciousness, as passed down to present day thinking by René Descartes. He analyses critically this exclusive rationality and confronts it with his notion of discourse. This paper also presents ways of reading important historical events which were, and are, influential in human life in line with Foucault’s criticism. <b>Keywords:</b> Foucault, philosopy, discourse, subject, etict Artikel ini menyajikan pemikiran Michel tentang peristiwa sejarah masa lalu yang berguna bagi manusia pada masa sekarang. Foucault secara khusus dikenal sebagai sejarawan masa kini. Sebagai ahli dalam sejarah sistem pemikiran, Foucault menganalisis cara orang berpikir dan berperilaku sepanjang sejarah filsafat dimulai dari era Rennaisance, periode klasik (abad XVII-XVIII dalam klasifikasi Foucault), hingga abad XX. Sebagai pemikir posmodernis (dan postrukturalis), Foucault mengajukan kritik terhadap rasionalitas modern yang didasarkan atas ego, subjek, dan kesadaran, yang diwariskan sampai saat ini oleh René Descartes. Dia menganalisis secara kritis rasionalitas eksklusif ini dan menghadapkannya dengan gagasan wacana. Artikel ini juga menyajikan cara untuk membaca semua peristiwa sejarah yang penting dan berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan manusia sesuai dengan kritik Foucault. <b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> Foucault, filsafat , diskursus, subjek, etika

Vérités et Mensonges

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-224
Author(s):  
Erik Gunderson
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Self ◽  
Faithful Representation ◽  
Political Subject ◽  
Concrete Reality ◽  
Hermeneutic Process ◽  
The Way

This is a survey of some of the problems surrounding imperial panegyric. It includes discussions of both the theory and practice of imperial praise. The evidence is derived from readings of Cicero, Quintilian, Pliny, the Panegyrici Latini, Menander Rhetor, and Julian the Apostate. Of particular interest is insincere speech that would be appreciated as insincere. What sort of hermeneutic process is best suited to texts that are politically consequential and yet relatively disconnected from any obligation to offer a faithful representation of concrete reality? We first look at epideictic as a genre. The next topic is imperial praise and its situation “beyond belief” as well as the self-positioning of a political subject who delivers such praise. This leads to a meditation on the exculpatory fictions that these speakers might tell themselves about their act. A cynical philosophy of Caesarism, its arbitrariness, and its constructedness abets these fictions. Julian the Apostate receives the most attention: he wrote about Caesars, he delivered extant panegyrics, and he is also the man addressed by still another panegyric. And in the end we find ourselves to be in a position to appreciate the way that power feeds off of insincerity and grows stronger in its presence.

FACEBOOK SEBAGAI MEDIA BARU TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Wildan Imaduddin Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Methodological Problem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Basic Character ◽  
Hermeneutic Approach ◽  
The Times ◽  
Qur'anic Interpretation

This article analyzes the product of Salman Harun's Qur'anic  interpretation with  Facebook  as the medium. As one of the senior professors who pursue the field of interpretation, he has managed to follow the times by utilizing internet technology. There are two focus areas in the study; the first aspect of the sense of Indonesian tafsir attached to the self of Salman Harun, the two aspects of the novelty of discourse that became the basic character of social media. Both aspects are interesting to be studied with a hermeneutic approach. Given that  the  methodological problem that often arises from the hermeneutic approach is the context of the interpreter that is difficult to trace accurately, then this article finds its relevance to the case of Salman Harun's interpretation which uses the facebook media as the actualization of its interpretation product.

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

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