scholarly journals Using Hermeneutics as a Qualitative Research Approach in Professional Practice

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo Paterson ◽  
Joy Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Strategy Research ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Creative Strategy ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk

This paper is targeted primarily at doctoral students and others considering hermeneutics as a research strategy. Research using hermeneutics was carried out with occupational therapy educators and clinicians in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the UK. A total of 53 participants engaged in focus groups and individual interviews over a one-year. The paper explores hermeneutics as a credible, rigorous and creative strategy to address aspects of professional practice that similarly need to be flexible, adaptable to particular needs, and justifiable in the contexts of evidence-based as well as client-centred practice. The hermeneutic study produced A Model of Professional Practice Judgment Artistry (Paterson, 2003) which is briefly described and the connections.

scholarly journals Supporting New Teachers as Designers of Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Barbara Brown ◽  
Sharon Friesen ◽  
Jaime Beck ◽  
Verena Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Professional Learning ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
New Teachers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Design Based Research ◽  
Learning Intervention ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Supporting New Teachers ◽  
One Year

The aim of this study was to examine a professional learning intervention designed to support new teachers with implementing professional practice competencies. Partners from a school authority joined researcher-practitioners from a university to engage in designing a professional learning series for new teachers. A design-based research approach using quantitative (pre- and post-surveys) and qualitative data (artifacts of learning, field notes, classroom observations) were analyzed over one year. There were over 450 participants involved in the professional learning series. The findings indicated the professional learning intervention positioned new teachers as designers of learning engaging in continuous cycles of design–enactment–reflection and strengthened their pedagogical capacity to interconnect professional practice competencies with support from a community of learners. The findings from this study have implications for supporting new teachers during a period of induction and demonstrate one way to provide new teachers with the foundation for continual growth throughout their career.

scholarly journals SP7.1.8 Routine use of opioids for post-operative pain in opioid naïve patient can risk long term dependence

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Talal Majeed ◽  
Simon Mcgurk ◽  
Jeremy Wilson ◽  
Conor Magee
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Naive Patient ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Aims and Objectives Aim of our study was to evaluate the current practices of prescribing opioids for post-operative pain in opioid-naive patients in our region and the risk of prolonged opioid use among them. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed where cohort consisted of patients who had surgery in 2018 with at least one year follow up. Endpoints were the proportion of all patients and opioid naïve patients, discharged on opioid prescription and proportion of opioid naïve patients who developed opioid dependence after one year. Results During 2018, 17524 patients underwent a total of 20526 surgical procedures by pan surgical specialties in our hospitals. 8772 patients (50%) were discharged with opioid prescription. 673 (7.70%) of those required further opiate prescriptions after discharge, of those requiring opiates, 331 had no opiate exposure before surgery (342 had previous opiate exposure). In opioid naïve patients, at 1 year follow up 151 (45%) had no further opiate prescriptions, but 180 (55%) required ongoing opiate prescriptions after one year follow up. The risk of opioid dependence after surgery is significant in opioid naïve patients. Conclusion Results are alarming and evidence-based strategies, national and local guidelines are needed to prevent the opioid crisis in the UK. There is a need for a national campaign to minimize the dependence on opioids and to find, better alternatives to opioids.

An evaluation of the use of Telehealth within palliative care settings across Scotland

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Johnston ◽  
Lisa Kidd ◽  
Yvonne Wengstrom ◽  
Nora Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Uk

There is a lack of evidence-based research in the use of Telehealth within palliative care in the UK, particularly in Scotland. The aim of this project was to evaluate the current use of Telehealth applications within palliative care across Scotland, and how these and future applications are perceived by patients, carers and professionals. This paper reports on the qualitative findings from focus groups with patients and carers in three geographical areas in Scotland, and individual interviews with key stakeholders from across Scotland, who currently work within areas of high and low Telehealth activity. The key findings indicated that Telehealth initiatives are welcomed by patients and carers but that these should be an adjunct to clinical care rather than an alternative. The stakeholder interviews revealed several notable differences between those working within areas of high and low Telehealth activity. Principally, areas of high Telehealth activity appear to be driven by national and local policy and seem to benefit from a greater level of investment in Telehealth equipment and facilities than in the more central, and hence accessible, parts of Scotland.

The Artistry of Judgement: A Model for Occupational Therapy Practice

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo Paterson ◽  
Joy Higgs ◽  
Susan Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
One Year ◽  
Insight Into

This paper reports on a model developed through qualitative research to examine the intriguing topic of the artistry of judgement in occupational therapy. The construct of professional practice judgement artistry or PPJA was developed (Paterson and Higgs 2001) to explore the cognitive, metacognitive and humanistic aspects of judgement in professional practice. Fifty-three occupational therapy educators and practitioners from four Commonwealth countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United Kingdom) participated in focus groups and individual interviews over a one-year period in 2001–2. This research identified a number of dimensions and elements that constitute judgement artistry. The model offers a valuable insight into understanding expertise in professional practice in an era when practitioners are struggling with a demand for increased scientific research knowledge to provide evidence for best practice. This research paper recognises the value of the art of occupational therapy and supports a client-centred approach to practice.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Development of Doctoral Education: The Landscape of Doctoral Students' Experience Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
S. V. Zhuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Doctoral Education ◽  
Doctoral Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Career Trajectories ◽  
Education Data ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
The Uk

Regular surveys of doctoral students on their career trajectories, satisfaction with the program and the learning process, with the organization of supervision, etc. are widespread in leading foreign universities. The results of such surveys are used to improve programs and assess the effect of the introduced measures. In Russia, however, there is a lack of empirical data on the doctoral students’ experience, which makes it impossible to identify and address the reasons for the low performance of the Russian doctoral education observed over the past few years. To support the discussion about the need for such monitoring surveys in Russia, this article presents the results of an analysis of open information from the websites of about 150 foreign institutions that organize doctoral student surveys at the national, cross-university, and institutional levels. The presented review shows how actively doctoral education data collection takes place in the USA, Canada, Australia, and the UK, where there are one or more large-scale projects stimulating the collection of data from several universities, and how the results of such research are used by universities, employers, and applicants. On the example of topics related to the motivation for entering doctoral programs, to the career trajectories of doctoral students, and to the organization of supervision, it is discussed how the described research practices can be used for the evidence-based development of Russian doctoral education.

scholarly journals It really does depend: Towards an epistemology (and ontology) for everyday social pedagogical practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Practical Reasoning ◽  
Pedagogical Knowledge ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Direct Mapping ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Understandings of knowledge in social work, in the UK at least, are based on an assumption that theory – increasingly derived from ‘scientific’ or ‘evidence-based’ perspectives – can be abstracted and applied to practice. Essentially, knowledge acquisition and utilisation are seen as transactional, instrumental endeavours. Such a view does not fit with the realities of everyday social pedagogical practice. This article begins to develop an alternative conception of social work/social pedagogical knowledge from an Aristotelean position, within which the relationship between theory and practice happens in the domain of praxis ; this is not a direct mapping of theory onto practice but operates in a constant dialectic within which one informs and indeed collapses into the other. Effective praxis requires Aristotle’s intellectual virtue of phronesis (practical reasoning or judgement). Phronesis understands practice within its wider moral purpose and foregrounds the virtues and dispositions of practitioners rather than a set of rules. Knowing and being (epistemology and ontology) therefore come together in how practitioners engage in everyday practice. This proposition challenges dominant technical and instrumental conceptions of knowledge and, more generally, of the way in which professional practice is currently understood.

scholarly journals Foreigners in the town. Experience of voluntary immigrants living in a small town

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Daniel Markovic ◽  
Anna Zilova
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Strategy Research ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Town

The aim of the paper is to unveil the experiences of voluntary immigrants to Slovakia related to their life in a small Slovak town and to identify opportunities for intervention through social work, particularly experience in the field of interpersonal relations, employment or during studies, and in the economic field. In research, we are interested in voluntary migrants who chose small towns in Slovakia, which are culturally and linguistically homogeneous. We have chosen a qualitative research strategy. Research design is grounded theory. As a research tool, we chose an individual structured interview (In-Depth Interview). For qualitative analysis of data, we used the coding; we set descriptive and inductive codes, subcategories and categories. The subject of research is eight voluntary immigrants to Slovakia who live in small towns for at least one year at the time of research. Thus, they meet the long-term migration criterion. Participants were selected on a deliberate basis to cover the phenomenon of voluntary migration. Due to the chosen research design, theoretical sampling is the case.

scholarly journals Triangulation in history education research, and its limitations: A view from the UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Haydn
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
History Education ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
History Teachers ◽  
Research Outcomes ◽  
The Uk

This paper explains how different forms of triangulation have been used in recent history education research in the UK, and attempts to assess the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches to triangulation. It also draws attention to the limitations of triangulation as a means of making claims about the validity of research outcomes. In spite of the pronouncements of policymakers in the UK that education reforms will be 'evidence based', there are many examples of distortion and misrepresentation in the field of history education research. The paper gives some examples of the ways in which triangulation and mixed methods have been used in research in history education in the UK, and argues that without an underpinning commitment to veracity and respect for evidence, sample size, research approach and range of triangulation methods cannot ensure that reasonable claims are made for the outcomes of research. The concluding section of the paper suggests ways of complementing triangulation as a means of moderating judgements and claims in history education research, and argues that it is important that history teachers have an intelligent and well-informed understanding of the potential usefulness and the limitations of research studies in history education. Although the examples of research cited are from the UK, the question of how to optimize the use of mixed methods in history education research is an important issue for researchers and academics in history education worldwide.

Clinical Data Mining in the Age of Evidence-Based Practice

2010 ◽  
pp. 316-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwin Epstein ◽  
Lynette Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Clinical Data Mining

Clinical Data Mining (CDM) is a paradigm of practice-based research that engages practitioners in analyzing and evaluating routinely recorded material to explore, evaluate and reflect on their practice. The rationale for, and benefits of this research methodology are discussed with multiple exemplars from health and human service settings. While CDM was conceived as a quantitative methodology evaluating the process, intervention and outcomes of practice, it can support qualitative studies encouraging reflectiveness. CDM was originally employed as a practice based research (PBR) consultation strategy with practitioners in clinical settings, but the methodology has been increasingly used by doctoral students as a dissertation research strategy either by itself or in combination with other research methods. CDM has gained international recognition by both social workers and allied health professionals. The authors present CDM as a knowledge-generating paradigm contributing to “evidence-informed” practice rather than “evidence based practice.”

scholarly journals Older Clients’ Pathway through the Adaptation System for Independent Living in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3640
Author(s):  
Wusi Zhou ◽  
Adekunle Sabitu Oyegoke ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
Hailong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Independent Living ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
Housing Adaptation

Housing adaptation is recognized as an effective intervention for successful independent living and has been given a greater political priority. However, the current adaptation implementation is fragmented and sometimes confusing. This study is aimed at examining blockages in the adaptation system in the United Kingdom (UK) and identifying practical ways to tackle them. It adopted a mixed-method sequential explanatory research strategy. A questionnaire survey was first conducted in all local authorities in England, Scotland and Wales. This was followed by individual interviews and a focus group with professionals and older clients. The study found that multiple organizations are involved during the delivery of housing adaptations; poor cooperation between them is a major barrier to a seamless service. The adaptation process involves five key stages; there are many inconsistencies and inequities in the process across local authorities. Significant delays are found at all stages, the average length of time taken to complete an adaptation is unacceptably long. There are also many inconsistencies and inequities across different local authorities. This study identified some common deficiencies, which cause inefficiencies and ineffectiveness in housing adaptation practices and makes some recommendations on specific actions that need to be taken at both national and local levels to address them.

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